IPT - Techn&Art - Artigos em Revistas Científicas
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- Análise de Blogues de Viagem Portugueses e do seu Impacto para o Relançamento do TurismoPublication . Dionísio, Marta; Almeida, Paula; Pires da Silva, Cláudia; Marques, C. G.; Pedro, João P.Um fenómeno que tem vindo a crescer nos últimos anos é o dos blogues de viagens, o qual tem vindo a transformar o sector turístico. Apesar da COVID 19 ter provocado profundas alterações na vida da população, a nível mundial, confinando as pessoas, limitando os seus movimentos e viagens, devastando o setor turístico, este fenómeno ganhou uma maior proeminência na sociedade e nos hábitos dos turistas. As viagens mexem com o nosso ideário, levam-nos para outras culturas, outros cheiros, outros sabores e constituem uma forma de gastar dinheiro, que nos enriquece, nos engrandece e nos aperfeiçoa como cidadãos do mundo. Os blogues de viagens constituem um meio de estimulação do sector turístico, ainda que na sua génese não tenha estado esse propósito. Ao relatar as experiências e os locais visitados, os bloggers podem desempenhar um importante papel na reativação do sector, estimulando a transição digital, que é hoje uma realidade incontornável, aproveitando o seu potencial para a promoção de uma nova era e influenciando as tomadas de decisão dos turistas. Este estudo visa analisar os principais bogues de viagens portugueses e tentar medir o estímulo produzido pelos seus relatos, nomeadamente neste período pandémico em que ajudaram a descobrir o nosso país, incentivando a descoberta das nossas terras, das nossas tradições. Será realizada uma investigação qualitativa e quantitativa sendo a recolha de dados efetuada com base em análise documental e inquérito por entrevista realizadas por recurso a meios digitais. O presente estudo permitiu-nos concluir que é visível a crescente relevância e dinâmica que os bloggers ganharam nos últimos anos, podendo servir de alavancagem para um setor que muito tem sofrido os efeitos da pandemia, influenciando a escolha dos turistas por determinado destino com base nos relatos transmitidos.
- O Ativação do Mecanismo de Apoio “adaptar Turismo”, em Portugal, como meio de Relançamento Económico do SectorPublication . Almeida, Paula; Marques, C. G.; Pires da Silva, Cláudia; Dionísio, MartaEste estudo visa analisar a distribuição das verbas afetas ao incentivo financeiro do setor, num primeiro trimestre, pelo mecanismo de apoio criado pelo instrumento jurídico Despacho Normativo nº24/2021, na senda do Plano Reativar Turismo/Construir Futuro apresentado em maio do ano corrente. A Resolução do Conselho de Ministros nº76/2021, de 20 de maio, que criou o referido plano veio a definir um conjunto de ações e de medidas de resposta às necessidades do setor do turismo decorrentes do severo impacto económico e social da pandemia provocada pela COVID 19. Tendo consciência da necessidade de apoio às empresas deste sector, o mecanismo de apoio visa criar instrumentos de financiamento que, ao mesmo tempo que potenciam a retoma da atividade turística, contribuam para a meta de requalificação, pela aposta das empresas na digitalização. O diagnóstico da transição digital como fator de sustentabilidade neste setor tem evidenciado grandes progressos no posicionamento de Portugal, no panorama mundial de turismo sustentável, para o que pretende reforçar tal posição o pacote de incentivos criados pelo citado mecanismo de apoio. Ao longo do presente estudo, propomo-nos analisar o impacto imediato destas medidas, por via duma análise de inquéritos a PME que tenham critérios de elegibilidade para os projetos a apresentar.
- Avaliação da Segurança de Sistemas de Informação nas Autarquias Locais: Um Estudo de Caso num Município do Médio TejoPublication . Marques, C. G.; Cassis, Sofia; Trigalheiro, CarlosNuma Era caracterizada pela importancia da ınformaçâo, a generalidade das organizaçoes depende fortemente dos Sistemas de Informaçâo para o desempenho da sua missäo. Para as Autarquías Locais, onde se verificam constantes mudanças nos processos organizacionais com o objetivo de uma melhor utilizaçâo económica, eficiente e equitativa dos recursos públicos, os Sistemas de Informaçâo säo um fator-chave. Ao lidarem diariamente com informaçâo confidencial estäo sujeitas a obrigaçoes de conformidade ética e legal que geram grande responsabilidade na gestâo da informaçâo que tratam e produzem. Com este estudo de caso pretendeuse aferir, através da aplicaçâo de um inquérito por questionário baseado na ISO/ IEC 27002:2013 associado a um modelo de maturidade qual o grau de maturidade dos controlos de segurança do Sistema de Informaçâo num Municipio do Médio Tejo (MMT). A aplicaçâo destas ferramentas permitiu identificar quais as áreas mais críticas e formas de melhorar os processos.
- Bioenergy routes for valorizing constructed wetland vegetation: An overviewPublication . Pinho, Henrique J. O.; Mateus, D. M. R.Valorizing constructed wetlands vegetation into biofuels can be a way to contribute to mitigating the increasing energy demand, avoiding the use of arable land, freshwater, and fertilizers consumption, while simultaneously treating wastewater with eco-friendly technology. This work shortly overviews the main genera of wetland plants and the main routes of vegetal biomass conversion into biofuels including biochemical and thermochemical processes, and through a cross-search, in the Scopus database, the research intensity in bioenergy application for each genus was assessed. A total of 283 genera of wetland plants were identified and classified into five groups, from very common to very rare genera. The very common group includes 10 genera and contributes to 62% of the literature hits, while the 147 genera classified as very rare contribute to only 3% of the hits. Concerning the bioenergy applications, four genera stand out from the remaining. The plants of the genus Sorghum are the most referred to in bioenergy applications, followed by the genera Brassica, Miscanthus, and Saccharum. Miscanthus is a less common wetland plant, while the other genera are rarely applied in constructed wetlands. The relevance of bioenergy routes depends on the plants' group. For common wetland plants, the most relevant applications are biogas production, followed by bio-ethanol production, and pyrolysis processing. As a recommendation for future research works the genera with high energy potential should be evaluated as wetland vegetation, and it is recommended that the goal to recover wetland vegetation for bioenergy applications be viewed as an integral step of the design and implementation of constructed wetlands facilities.
- CMS in Public Administration: A Comparative AnalysisPublication . Louraço, Daniela; Marques, C. G.There is a wide variety of content management systems (CMS) available on the market, each with its characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, but the open source, such as Joomla, WordPress and Drupal are the ones who stand out, not only because they are free, but also because of their versatility and contemporaneity, in issues such as: ease of use, possibility of customization, support, security, adaptability and amount of resources available (modules, components and plugins). These solutions have an extremely relevant aspect for public organizations, bringing citizens and businesses closer to their governments, by providing a more direct and intuitive access to government information and services (Fang, 2002). To achieve the benefits of its implementation, it is necessary an analysis of the solutions available on the market and which ones are best suited to certain management objectives. Through a comparison of data and information collected, it is highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of each of the three CMS mentioned, especially which one is most indicated for a specific context of application and project typology in public administration, using for these rankings of use and popularity on platforms such as W3Techs and BuiltWith, as well as a set of supporting documentation.
- Communicating Science in the Natural Park of Serras D Aire and Candeeiros, First Steps in Science Communication in the HIGHLANDS.3 ProjectPublication . Silva, Julio; Santos, Luis; Lopes, VascoO turismo de natureza é uma das indústrias que mais cresceu no mundo desde o início do século. Este crescimento é raramente acompanhado pelos sistemas de gestão de áreas naturais que lutam contra o número crescente de turistas, falta de infraestruturas, informação e organização. Uma das soluções adotadas por muitas áreas naturais é a adoção de classificações adicionais, tais como reservas de biosfera, Ramsar, Natura 2000, entre muitas outras. Esta abordagem estratégica comprometeu a maior parte das estruturas de gestão aos esforços burocráticos, tornando difícil o processo de adaptação. As várias classificações, embora facilmente compreendidas, ficam aquém dos objetivos pretendidos, apresentando metodologias tradicionais, promoção ineficaz, baixo envolvimento local e estratégias de educação convencionais. O conhecimento académico e o profissionalismo audiovisual podem produzir materiais promocionais e de vídeo documental para uma vasta gama de públicos, fornecendo ferramentas de comunicação, educacionais e de desenvolvimento. A comunicação científica é uma poderosa ferramenta de gestão de áreas classificadas, a participação na gestão por entidades regionais, beneficia o envolvimento de municípios, instituições de ensino superior, organizações não governamentais e stakeholders, intervindo no desenvolvimento territorial sustentável, com responsabilidades na promoção, sensibilização e comunicação. Este estudo apresentará um vídeo introdutório exemplificador da estratégia de comunicação do Parque Natural das Serras D'Aire e Candeeiros, adaptável a outras áreas protegidas como estratégia de turismo. Conclui-se que a comunicação em áreas naturais classificadas deve ser regida pelo mesmo rigor e qualidade exigidos em ciência sem perder o interesse necessário pela sua comunicação efetiva e eficiente, para se obter turismo de qualidade.
- Comparison of mineralogical, mechanical and hygroscopic characteristic of earthen, gypsum and cement-based plastersPublication . Santos, Tânia; Gomes, Maria Idália; Silva, António Santos; Ferraz, Eduardo; Faria, PaulinaIt is important to ensure indoor comfort by passive methods, avoiding mechanical equipment that has energy costs. To assess plasters common efficiency but also its contribution as moisture buffers, five different plastering mortars, including unstabilized and stabilized earth-based plasters, gypsum and cement-based pre-mixed plasters, were analyzed and their chemical, mechanical and hygroscopic characteristics compared. The materials and mortars were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and simultaneous thermal analysis. Linear shrinkage, dry bulk density, dynamic modulus of elasticity, flexural and compressive strengths, dry abrasion resistance, surface cohesion, surface hardness and sorption and desorption of mortars and plasters were also evaluated. The mechanical strength of earthen mortars is lower than gypsum and cement-based mortars. However, earth plasters show the highest hygroscopicity, acting as moisture passive buffers, improving thermal comfort and contributing to occupantś health.
- Comparison of Surface Properties of Sepiolite and Palygorskite: Surface Energy and NanoroughnessPublication . Almeida, Ricardo; Ferraz, Eduardo; Santarén, Julio; Gamelas, José A. F.The surface properties of two sepiolite samples and one palygorskite sample were compared using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Samples were previously conditioned at appropriate temperatures for the removal of all zeolitic water. Dispersive (or Lifshitz–van der Waals) component of the surface energy (γsd), specific interactions (−ΔGas) with π electron donor bases (1-alkenes), and nanomorphology indices (IMχT) based on the injections of cycloalkanes and a branched alkane were measured. From IGC data, at 240 °C, it was found that the palygorskite was clearly distinguished from the sepiolites. The palygorskite possessed a lower γsd, larger −ΔGas with 1-alkenes, and remarkably higher IMχT. Slight differences could also be observed between the two sepiolite samples with the same origin. The results were rationalized in terms of the structural features of the two studied minerals. The larger channels of the sepiolite allow for a better insertion of the n-alkanes (longer retention times) while excluding the bulkier probes, such as cyclooctane or 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. Accordingly, the corresponding γsd values were larger and the IMχT values were lower (higher surface nanoroughness) for the sepiolites. Regarding Lewis acid–base properties, all the sample’s surfaces evidenced a very strong amphoteric character. The present results highlight the potential of the evaluated samples for, e.g., adsorption processes with volatile organic compounds or matrix–filler interactions regarding the production of composite structures with Lewis acid–base matrices.
- Composite Films of Nanofibrillated Cellulose with Sepiolite: Effect of Preparation StrategyPublication . Alves, Luis; Ramos, Ana; Rasteiro, Maria G.; Vitorino, Carla; Ferraz, Eduardo; Ferreira, Paulo J. T.; Puertas, Maria L.; Gamelas, José A. F.Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are nanomaterials with promising properties to be used in food packaging and printed electronics, thus being logical substitutes to petroleum-based polymers, specifically plastics. CNFs can be combined with other materials, such as clay minerals, to form composites, which are environmentally friendly materials, with acceptable costs and without compromising the final properties of the composite material. To produce composite films, two strategies can be used: solvent casting and filtration followed by hot pressing. The first approach is the simplest way to produce films, but the obtained films may present some limitations. In the present work, CNFs produced using enzymatic or TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical) oxidation pretreatments, followed by high-pressure homogenization, or only by mechanical treatment (homogenization), were used to produce films by both the available procedures. The films obtained by filtration + hot pressing presented higher tensile strength and Young’s modulus compared with those obtained by solvent casting. In general, a decrease in the values of these mechanical properties of the films and a decrease in elongation at break, with the addition of sepiolite, were also observed. However, for the TEMPO CNF-based films, an improvement in tensile strength could be observed for 10% of the sepiolite content. Furthermore, the time necessary to produce films was largely reduced by employing the filtration procedure. Finally, the water vapour barrier properties of the films obtained by filtration are comparable to the literature values of net CNF films. Thus, this technique demonstrates to be the most suitable to produce CNF-based composite films in a fast way and with improved mechanical properties and suitable gas barrier properties.
- Composites of nanofibrillated cellulose with clay minerals: A reviewPublication . Alves, L.; Ferraz, Eduardo; Gamelas, J. A. F.Biopolymers-based composites are, in general, environmentally friendly materials, which can be obtained from renewable sources. Some of them can also present promising properties to be used in food packaging and electronic devices, being thus logical substitutes to petroleum-based polymers, specifically plastics. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) obtained by chemical/enzymatic pre-treatments followed by a mechanical treatment appear as a new suitable biomaterial. However, CNF are still quite expensive materials, due to the required chemicals/equipment/energy involved, and additionally, they present some limitations such as high hydrophilicity/high water vapour permeability. The combination of CNF with clay minerals, such as montmorillonite or kaolinite, as widely available geo-resources, represents an excellent way to reduce the amount of CNF used, enabling the production of valuable materials and reducing costs; and, at the same time it is possible to improve the characteristics of the formed materials, such as mechanical, gas barrier and fire retardancy properties, if appropriate conditions of preparation are used. Nevertheless, to obtain hybrid CNF/clay composites with superior properties it is necessary to ensure a good dispersion of the inorganic material in the CNF suspension and a good compatibility among the inorganic and organic components. To fulfil this goal, several strategies can be considered, including physical treatments of the suspensions, CNF and clay surface chemical modifications, and the use of a coupling agent. In this review article, the state-of-the-art on a new emerging generation of composites (films, foams or coatings) based on nanofibrillated cellulose and nanoclay, with focus on strategies for their preparation and most relevant achievements is critically reviewed, bearing in mind their potential application as substitutes for common plastics. A third component has been eventually added to these organic-inorganic hybrids, e.g., chitosan, carboxymethylcellulose, borate or epoxy resin, to enhance specific characteristics of the material. Some general background on the production of different types of CNF and their main properties is previously provided.