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Attitudes of Health Professionals Toward Alcohol and People with Alcohol Use Disorders. A Cross-Sectional Study
Publication . Seabra, Paulo; Silva, Vanessa; Nunes, Inês; Valentim, Olga; Moutinho, Lidia; Pinho, Lara; Curado, Alice; Vargas, Divane
Europe is the region of the world with the highest consumption of alcoholic beverages and this study aims to analyze the attitudes of Portuguese health professionals toward alcohol, its consumption, as well as their interpersonal relationships with people with problematic use of alcohol. An observational study with a quantitative approach was accomplished with a non-randomized sample of 471 health professionals. The Scale of Attitudes toward Alcohol, Alcohol-Related Problems and People with alcohol use disorders – Portuguese version (EAFAA-PT) was used for data collection. It was found that 68.58% of participants have positive attitudes and 31.42% have negative ones. Women and older individuals tend to have more negative attitudes toward people with problematic alcohol use. Having frequent professional experience with people with alcohol use problems, having an academic background and receiving in-service training on the topic are predictors of positive attitudes. Being a nurse is a predictor of negative attitudes. This study suggests that the combination of academic training, continuous in-service training, and recognition of the problem in everyday practice contributes to more positive attitudes toward problematic alcohol use and associated problems. This should be promoted given its impact on the quality of care and outcomes for individuals.
Lexicographic qualitative approach of nurse’s perspectives on men’s access to sexual health care in Portugal
Publication . Tereso, Alexandra; Curado, Alice; Brantes, Ana; Fernandes, João; Santos, Rui; Antunes, Lina
The lack of visibility of men in sexual and reproductive healthcare emphasises the challenges in addressing this topic, given its personal, private, and subjective nature. Nurses can play an important role in formulating policies that promote male sexual health, contributing to the creation of health programs and defending men’s rights concerning sexual healthcare access. This study aimed to analyse nurse’s perspectives regarding men’s sexual healthcare access in Portugal. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Focus group (FG) interviews with 15 nurses working in Portugal were analysed using lexicographic analysis with the support of the interface IRaMuTeQ-R. From the two FGs, 487 text segments were analysed and five classes emerged: Approach triggers between nurses and men; Therapeutic itineraries singularities; Sexual health as a subject; Issues surrounding men’s sexual health; Settings for addressing men’s sexual health. Nurses’ perspectives about men’s access to sexual healthcare revealed challenges in recognising men as legitimate recipients of such care, as well as the broader issue of men’s political invisibility in this area. The importance of deconstructing simplistic notions about men and masculinity was underlined, highlighting the need to recognize diversity among men to ensure that sexual health care is truly effective. Male opportunities in sexual healthcare in Portugal require a comprehensive and inclusive approach in nurses’ education, training, and practices, as well as political guidelines that can make these opportunities clear to men, nurses, and other health professionals.
Applications of artificial intelligence in emotion recognition in pediatrics health care: Scoping review
Publication . Figueiredo, Ana Rita; Pereira, António; Frias, Francisca; Rodrigues, Luíza Moura Dias; Diogo, Paula
Background: The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare is growing rapidly. In pediatrics, artificial intelligence technologies have been applied to early diagnosis, treatment, increased precision in care, and recognition of emotions. This will provide new opportunities to overcome the difficulties that may have developed in children's ability to express emotions due to cognitive, physical, or emotional reasons.
Aim: To review the existing literature on the application of artificial intelligence to emotion recognition in children and adolescents, and to evaluate its applicability in clinical settings.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL Ultimate, MEDLINE Ultimate, IEEE Xplore and Wiley Online Library. A total of 136 records were initially identified, and 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed and summarized narratively.
Results: The studies varied in methodology and scope, and included the use of artificial intelligence for facial, voice, and drawing-based emotion recognition, with applications in various domains. Artificial intelligence-based tools showed promising levels of accuracy, particularly in improving emotion identification, supporting early diagnosis, and informing clinical decision-making.
Conclusion: Artificial intelligence has the potential to transform pediatric healthcare by improving the identification and management of emotional states, particularly in vulnerable populations. Despite challenges, integrating technology into clinical practice is a promising strategy to promote personalized and emotional care.
Implications: By recognizing and responding to emotional needs, artificial intelligence in pediatric nursing practice can enhance the personalization of care and create therapeutic environments that are emotionally sensitive, promoting the humanization and effectiveness of interventions.
Instrumentos de avaliação respiratória na doença de Parkinson e Parkinsonismos
Publication . Cacho, Ricardo Miguel da Silva; Azevedo, Victor Hugo do Carmo
Introdução: A disfunção respiratória constitui uma manifestação clinicamente relevante, mas frequentemente subavaliada, na Doença de Parkinson e nos parkinsonismos relacionados. Apesar do crescente número de estudos nesta área, os instrumentos utilizados para avaliar a função e a capacidade respiratória permanecem dispersos e pouco sistematizados na literatura.
Objetivo: Mapear e categorizar os instrumentos utilizados na avaliação da função e da capacidade respiratória nesta população, identificando os domínios avaliados, os desfechos medidos e as principais lacunas do conhecimento.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma scoping review de acordo com a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute e reportada segundo as recomendações PRISMA-ScR. A pesquisa foi conduzida em bases de dados eletrónicas relevantes, com critérios de elegibilidade previamente definidos, tendo sido incluídos 215 estudos. Os instrumentos identificados foram organizados segundo um modelo estruturado de Domínio–Desfecho–Medida.
Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram uma elevada heterogeneidade de instrumentos, com predominância de medidas centradas na capacidade funcional, na função pulmonar e na força muscular respiratória. Em contraste, domínios como o controlo ventilatório e a avaliação sistemática dos sintomas respiratórios apresentaram menor representação.
Conclusão: A avaliação respiratória na Doença de Parkinson permanece fragmentada, não existindo uma abordagem padronizada. A organização dos instrumentos segundo domínios funcionais constitui um contributo relevante para a sistematização da avaliação e poderá apoiar o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais integradas, comparáveis e clinicamente relevantes.
Exploring nurse educators' experiences and perceptions of healthcare-associated infection prevention and control in two countries of sub-Saharan Africa: An exploratory qualitative study
Publication . Pestana-Santos, Márcia; Nascimento, Carla Alexandra Fernandes; Jaracz, Krystyna; Laisser, Rose; Rogathi, Jane; Raoelison, Emmanuel Guy; Andriamiharisoa, Stephanie Norotiana; Nsemwa, Livuka; Nzelu, Pascalina; Dawsen, Eyeshope; Kidayi, Paulo; Mtuya, Christina; Randriamarotia, Willy Franck; Andriamalala, Zo; Ravelonarivo, Liliane Eugénie; Rabesahala, Hanitriniony; Rakotondrainibe, Michelle Ruana; Randriamanantsoa, Lova Narindra; Randaoharison, Pierana Gabriel; Rakotomalala, Nivoarimelina Zoly; Rakotomalala, Rivo; Harimalala, Lugie; Szewczyczak, Marlena; Strugała, Magdalena; Chawłowska, Ewelina; Czech-Szczapa, Barbara; Cudak-Kasprzak, Edyta; Bączyk, Grażyna; Ferraz, Francisco; Ventura, Filipa; Parreira, Pedro; Santos-Costa, Paulo; Ortet, Sofia; Graveto, João; Teixeira, Joana; Rocha, Paula; Fontoura, Carlos; Godinho, Catarina; Agrelos, João; Pinto, Maria Rosário
Aim: To explore the experiences and perceptions of nurse educators about prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in two countries of Sub-Saharan Africa.
Design: Qualitative descriptive study.
Methods: A multimodal approach was employed to investigate the reality of hospital-associated infections. In-depth interviews were conducted with educators (n = 24) to gain comprehensive insights, and 14 focus group discussions were facilitated with academic and clinical educators (n = 96). Collected data was analysed using the content analysis method.
Results: It was identified one major category, "Education about Infection Prevention and Control," with five categories and twelve subcategories. Key findings highlighted pedagogical challenges in nursing education stemming from the imbalance between theory and practice, coupled with insufficient hours dedicated to infection control training. Participants noted gaps in the collaboration between lecturers and clinical instructors, as well as a lack of equipment in all the learning contexts, hindering the HAI protocols and limiting the effectiveness of infection prevention and control measures in both SSA countries.
Conclusion: Addressing the identified pedagogical challenges, enhancing collaboration between nursing educators, providing adequate equipment, and developing a contextually adapted model for infection prevention is essential for improving education and practices in both countries of Sub-Saharan Africa.