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- 2024: A soma de todos os riscos geopolíticosPublication . Fernandes, Roberto Narciso AndradeEste ensaio apresenta uma análise multidimensional sobre os denominadores principais que caracterizam o ano de 2024 como um período de especial perigosidade histórica. Focaliza-se em quatro áreas interrelacionadas de preocupação global: ameaças existenciais, ressurgência do risco nuclear, eventos ambientais extremos e ciber(in)segurança. Através de uma abordagem correlativa e interdisciplinar, a investigação almeja proporcionar uma compreensão integrada das várias faces do poliedro contemporâneo, tida como fundamental para a organização de respostas coordenadas e inovadoras para lidar com as instigações de um contexto geopolítico multipolarizado e em emulação. Neste contexto, a Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP), enquanto ator central no sistema de Segurança Interna e membro da entente securitária europeia, mantém uma sentinela permanente e preparação estratégica, tática e operacional para enfrentar as ameaças emergentes, tanto internas como internacionais. O artigo sublinha a necessidade de uma análise e compreensão presciente do ambiente internacional, de molde a antecipar cenários e acelerar o aprestamento do policiamento relativamente às complexidades do panorama internacional e dos seus reflexos na Segurança Interna nacional e europeia. This essay presents a multidimensional analysis of the main denominators that characterise the year 2024 as a period of special historical danger. It focuses on four interrelated areas of global concern: existential threats, the resurgence of nuclear risk, extreme environmental events and cyber(in)security. Through a correlative and interdisciplinary approach, the research aims to provide an integrated understanding of the various faces of the contemporary polyhedron, seen as fundamental for organising coordinated and innovative responses to deal with the instigations of a multipolarised and emulating geopolitical context. In this context, the Public Security Police (PSP), as a central actor in the Internal Security system and a member of the European security entente, maintains a permanent sentinel and strategic, tactical, and operational preparation to face emerging threats, both internal and international. The article emphasises the need for a careful analysis and understanding of the international environment, to anticipate scenarios and speed up policing's preparation for the complexities of the international panorama and its repercussions on national and European internal security. Este ensayo presenta un análisis multidimensional de los principales denominadores que caracterizan el año 2024 como un periodo de especial peligro histórico. Se centra en cuatro ámbitos interrelacionados de preocupación mundial: las amenazas existenciales, el resurgimiento del riesgo nuclear, los fenómenos medioambientales extremos y la ciberseguridad. A través de un enfoque correlativo e interdisciplinar, la investigación pretende aportar una comprensión integrada de las distintas caras del poliedro contemporáneo, considerada fundamental para organizar respuestas coordinadas e innovadoras que permitan hacer frente a las instigaciones de un contexto geopolítico multipolar y emulador. En este contexto, la Policía de Seguridad Pública (PSP), como actor central del sistema de Seguridad Interior y miembro de la entente europea de seguridad, mantiene un centinela permanente y una preparación estratégica, táctica y operativa para hacer frente a las amenazas emergentes, tanto internas como internacionales. El artículo enfatiza la necesidad de un cuidadoso análisis y comprensión del entorno internacional, con el fin de anticipar escenarios y agilizar la preparación policial ante las complejidades del panorama internacional y sus repercusiones en la seguridad interior nacional y europea.
- Advancing Access to Intestinal Microbiota Transplant: Bridging the Gap Between National Practices and the European StrategyPublication . Dinis, L; Pinheiro, H; Póvoa, P; Calhau, C; Pestana, D; Marques, CClostridioides difficile is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause a range of conditions, from asymptomatic carriage to severe illness, posing a significant public health threat due to its high mortality rates and substantial healthcare costs. Traditional treatment options, including antibiotics, often fail to eradicate the infection, leading to recurrent cases that severely impact patients' lives. Intestinal microbiota transplant (IMT) has emerged as an effective strategy for decolonizing pathogenic agents, demonstrating safety and efficacy, particularly in treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). Despite its potential, access to IMT is limited due to safety concerns, logistical challenges, and a lack of proper guidance, underscoring the urgent need for structured intestinal microbiota banks (IMBs). These organized facilities are crucial for the collection, screening, processing, and distribution of intestinal microbiota preparations, thereby facilitating the clinical application of IMT. In this narrative review, we discuss the relevance of applying IMT for the treatment of rCDI in Europe, with a focus on Portugal. We highlight the existence and distribution of IMBs across Europe and their importance in improving access to IMT. This review also addresses the challenges in creating an IMB and the development of such a structure in Portugal as a centralized repository for high-quality, standardized microbiota preparations, making IMT accessible for national hospitals. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to raise awareness among healthcare providers and the public to support the broader adoption of IMT.
- Agricultural Land, Sustainable Food and Crop Productivity: An Empirical Analysis on Environmental Sustainability as a Moderator from the Economy of ChinaPublication . Fahmida Laghari; Farhan Ahmed; Babar Ansari; Paulo Jorge Silveira FerreiraThe availability of agricultural land is central to stimulating reserves in sustainable food and crop production amidst accelerating economic sustainability and growth. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the influence of agricultural land (AGL) on food production (FP) and crop production (CP) with the linkage of environmental sustainability (ES) as a moderator from 1990 to 2021 for the economy of China with the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing estimation model. Our findings showed that the ARDL model estimates the long-term and short-term joint matching relationships between agricultural land and the independent variables in the model, which is a statistically significant outcome. Therefore, in the long term, the food and crop production adjustment for speed to steadiness was huge as it was projected at 1.337%, 53.6%, 133.5%, and 37.4%, respectively, in all the models, which shows that the adjustment for speed of models is a good post-shock association process. We found evidence for a significant and positive relationship between agricultural land and food and crop production in ordinary least square (OLS) estimation, which also ensured the outcomes of the primary model. Furthermore, Toda–Yamamoto Granger causality test estimation found reverse causality between food production (FP) and crop production (CP) and showed evidence of the conservation hypothesis. We found bidirectional causality between food production and agricultural land and between crop production and agricultural land, which shows evidence of the feedback hypothesis. Additionally, the empirical findings of a robustness check with fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) techniques showed consistency with the investigations of ARDL estimation in the long run, ensuring the validity and strength of the primary outcomes. Overall, the present paper brings fresh knowledge about agricultural land use, and food and crop production to promote environmental sustainability
- Analysis Between Green Hydrogen and Other Financial Assets: A Multi-Scale Correlation ApproachPublication . Eder J. A. L. Pereira; Letícia S. Anjos; Paulo Ferreira; Derick Quintino; Gerhard Ett; Thiago B. Murari
- Analysis of EU investment on rural development and its impact on Portuguese rural regions in the period 2011-2021Publication . Isabel Abreu; Joaquim Mourato; Francisco J. MesiasEU's rural areas are an essential part of the European way of life, covering more than 75 % of the Union's territory and housing over 25 % of its population. However, they experience major imbalances compared to urban areas. Thus, it is important to analyse whether EU's rural development (RD) policy is effective in promoting the development of rural areas. This study uses a RD index for 9 Portuguese NUTS 3 regions, with data from 2011 and 2021. The results are then compared with the financial support delivered by EU funds and show their impact on RD in Portugal
- Being a Foster Family in Portugal—Motivations and ExperiencesPublication . Diogo, Elisete; Branco, Francisco: Foster care is an almost absent component in the child care system and scientific research conducted in Portugal foster comprises 3.2%1 of out-of-home care in Portugal. This research aims to contribute to a deeper visibility of the care phenomena, giving specific attention to the foster families themselves. This research adopted a qualitative analytical approach, inspired by Grounded Theory. Foster families’ motivation is rooted in altruism, affection for children, and sensitivity to maltreatment. Personal and professional biography or past contact with out-of-home care can also induce predisposition to become a carer. The experience of being a carer2 is one of traversing through a life of many challenges and rewards. Considering the recognition from the stakeholders, it is a rewarding task. The quality of the service provided and the performance of the care professionals are both key elements to foster care.
- Bitcoin’s multifractal influence: deciphering the relationship with conventional and renewable energy marketsPublication . Ayesha Rasool Malik; Faheem Aslam; Paulo FerreiraThe annual electricity consumption of cryptocurrency mining has witnessed significant growth in recent years, fueled by an increase in market participation and the escalating complexity of the mining process. This has led to carbon emissions that exceed those generated by several developed nations. The growing impact of global warming and rising environmental concerns has brought increased scrutiny to Bitcoin’s energy consumption, particularly its potential to influence prices in unforeseen ways. This study investigates multifractal behavior in the cross-correlation of the Cambridge Bitcoin Electricity Consumption Index (CBECI) with both conventional and renewable energy prices using the Multifractal Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (MFDCCA) method. For renewable energy, we considered WilderHill Clean Energy, S&P Global Eco, S&P Global Clean Energy, OMX Solar Energy, and OMX Renewable Energy Index. For conventional energy, we considered the daily prices of WTI crude oil, Brent oil, heating oil, Newcastle coal, and natural gas. The daily price data range from 2 April 2013, to 29 August 2023, encompassing 1709 observations. Additionally, we employed a rolling window analysis to uncover the time-varying dynamics in the cross-correlations and persistence levels between Bitcoin electricity consumption and energy prices. The findings reveal the existence of a cross-correlation between the CBECI and energy markets. Overall, the CBECI exhibits a persistent cross-correlation with both energy markets; however, it is more persistent in the fossil fuel market, specifically in the coal market. These findings suggest the incorporation of dynamic changes in the CBECI in portfolio management for effective risk management strategies.
- Border Effect in Iberian Interregional TradePublication . Mourato, Joaquim; Ferreira, Ricardo Carvalho BrunoRegardless of their formal existence, borders do have an effect of diminishing trade. The reduction that the existence of a border causes on potential trade flows is classified as “border effect”. The present paper provides an estimation of such effect on the Portugal -Spain border. For this, interregional trade relations are considered. All 20 peninsular NUTII regions are concerned. Data used are the interregional Iberian trade matrices provided in Ferreira (2008). A model for these flows is conducted using, among several other explaining factors, the existence of a national border between regions. Thus the border effect is predicted. On this paper we provide an estimation of border effects by economic sectors, showing that different industries experience in different manners the consequences of borders
- Caderno Informativo: Edições do ISCPSI/ICPOLPublication . Almeida, Luís Miguel Faria deO Centro de Documentação e Informação (ISCPSI/ICPOL), e Biblioteca da PSP, é o órgão responsável pela divulgação e comercialização dos recursos bibliográficos editados pelo ISCPSI/ICPOL. Os Cadernos Informativos têm como finalidade dar a conhecer o património bibliográfico produzido desde os tempos da então Escola Superior de Polícia, até aos dias de hoje, e que se encontra cuidadosamente preservado, mas ao mesmo tempo acessível, no Centro de Documentação e Informação (ISCPSI/ICPOL), e Biblioteca da PSP.
- Caderno Informativo: LiderançaPublication . Almeida, Luís Miguel Faria de AlmeidaOs Cadernos Informativos têm como finalidade dar a conhecer, tematicamente, o património bibliográfico produzido desde os tempos da então Escola Superior de Polícia, até aos dias de hoje, e que se encontra cuidadosamente preservado, mas ao mesmo tempo acessível, no Centro de Documentação e Informação (ISCPSI/ICPOL), e Biblioteca da PSP.