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- Estudo do impacto das alteraƧƵes climĆ”ticas numa bacia de drenagem urbana: caso de aplicaĆ§Ć£o,Publication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Ferreira, BrunoA presente comunicaĆ§Ć£o tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo de avaliaĆ§Ć£o do impacto das alteraƧƵes climĆ”ticas numa bacia de drenagem localizada na Ćrea Metropolitana de Lisboa. Este sistema inclui uma bacia de bacia de amortecimento de cheias e a jusante desta, uma vala que descarrega no estuĆ”rio do rio Tejo. De referir ainda que o efeito de marĆ© do estuĆ”rio do rio Tejo se faz sentir nesta vala, provocando em alguns casos o assoreamento dos coletores. Junto Ć bacia de amortecimento, num importante entroncamento rodoviĆ”rio,, existem vĆ”rios registos de ocorrĆŖncia de inundaƧƵes. Assim, no presente trabalho para alĆ©m de se diagnosticar a situaĆ§Ć£o atual estudam-se, tambĆ©m, trĆŖs cenĆ”rios futuros de aumento de precipitaĆ§Ć£o
- EficiĆŖncia hĆdrica e energĆ©tica em aproveitamentos hidroagrĆcolasPublication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Loureiro, DĆ”lia; Luz, Paulo Brito da; Rijo, Manuel; Moreira, Madalena; Arranja, Carina; Coelho, AndrĆ©; Ferreira, Bruno; Cunha, Henrique; FiĆŗza, Fernanda; Muniz, Estela; Rodrigues, GonƧalo; Chibeles, Carlos; Sousa, GonƧalo; Matos, ManuelO objetivo do presente artigo Ć© dar a conhecer Ć comunidade tĆ©cnico-cientĆfica o projeto de investigaĆ§Ć£o AGIR - AvaliaĆ§Ć£o da EficiĆŖncia do Uso a Ćgua e da Energia em Aproveitamentos HidroagrĆcolas (AH), coordenado pela FederaĆ§Ć£o Nacional de Regantes de Portugal (FENAREG) e financiado pelo PDR2020 na OperaĆ§Ć£o 1.0.1 ā Grupos Operacionais, e que tem como objetivos principais a criaĆ§Ć£o de um sistema de indicadores para a avaliaĆ§Ć£o da eficiĆŖncia do uso da Ć”gua e da eficiĆŖncia energĆ©tica nos AH e o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de ferramentas de fĆ”cil utilizaĆ§Ć£o pelas respetivas entidades gestoras, para avaliar e identificar as ineficiĆŖncias dos sistemas e para apoiar a seleĆ§Ć£o de medidas de melhoria da eficiĆŖncia de uso da Ć”gua, da eficiĆŖncia energĆ©tica e da recuperaĆ§Ć£o de energia.
- RepositĆ³rio de ferramentas para a gestĆ£o de sistemas de distribuiĆ§Ć£o de Ć”guaPublication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Ferreira, Bruno; Antunes, AndrĆ©; Caetano, JoĆ£o; Barreira, Raquel; Covas, DĆdiaNo presente artigo apresenta-se um conjunto de ferramentas, disponĆveis em cĆ³digo aberto, para a gestĆ£o de sistemas de distribuiĆ§Ć£o de Ć”gua, desenvolvidas no Ć¢mbito dois projetos de investigaĆ§Ć£o, financiados pela FundaĆ§Ć£o para a CiĆŖncia e Tecnologia (FCT), o projeto DECIdE (https://decide.ips.pt/) e o projeto WISDom (https://wisdom.ips.pt/). No Ć¢mbito do projeto DECIdE, foram desenvolvidas ferramentas que permitem importar e tratar dados, atravĆ©s de ficheiros exportados de sistemas de informaĆ§Ć£o geogrĆ”fica (SIG), em formato shapefile, folhas de cĆ”lculo com mediƧƵes para o cĆ”lculo de balanƧos hĆdrico e energĆ©tico e, tambĆ©m, de indicadores de desempenho de sistema, como por exemplo, perdas por quilĆ³metro de conduta. No projeto WISDom, foram desenvolvidas ferramentas para a localizaĆ§Ć£o Ć³tima de sensores de pressĆ£o, para o processamento de dados de caudal, para identificaĆ§Ć£o de zonas crĆticas da rede de distribuiĆ§Ć£o e para priorizaĆ§Ć£o de condutas para intervenƧƵes de reabilitaĆ§Ć£o. Estas ferramentas sĆ£o Ćŗteis para apoiar os tĆ©cnicos das entidades gestoras na operaĆ§Ć£o dos sistemas e sĆ£o um passo na direĆ§Ć£o da transformaĆ§Ć£o digital.
- Optimal number of pressure sensors for real-time monitoring of distribution networks by using the hypervolume indicatorPublication . Ferreira, Bruno; CarriƧo, Nelson; Covas, DĆdiaThis article proposes a novel methodology to determine the optimal number of pressure sensors for the real-time monitoring of water distribution networks based on a quality hypervolume indicator. The proposed methodology solves the optimization problem for different numbers of pressure sensors, assesses the gain of installing each set of sensors by means of the hypervolume indicator and determines the optimal number of sensors by the variation of the hypervolume indicator. The methodology was applied to a real case study. Several robustness analyses were carried out. The results demonstrate that the methodology is hardly influenced by the method parameters and that a reasonable estimation of the optimal number of sensors can be easily achieved.
- Computational Tools for Supporting the Operation and Management of Water Distribution Systems towards Digital TransformationPublication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Ferreira, Bruno; Antunes, AndrĆ©; Caetano, JoĆ£o; Covas, DĆdiaThis paper presents a set of computational tools specially developed for supporting the operation and management of water distribution systems towards digital transformation of water services. These tools were developed in the scope of two R&D projects carried out in Portugal, DECIdE and WISDom, during 2018ā2022. The DECIdE project focused on the development of tools for importing cadastral and operational data, as well as on the three operational tools for supporting the performance assessment: the first allows the calculation of different key performance indicators, both at a global and sectorial level, which is an annual requirement of the water regulator, and the other two allow the calculation of the water and the energy balances and a set of complementary indices. The WISDom project aimed at the implementation of applications that directly address specific water utility needs, namely, the flow rate data processing, the optimal location of pressure sensors, the identification of critical areas in the distribution network for pipe burst location, and the prioritization of pipes for rehabilitation. Implemented tools are useful to support water utilities in the daily operation and management of their systems, being a step forward towards digital transformation of the water sector.
- DeteĆ§Ć£o em tempo real de roturas recorrendo a dados de monitorizaĆ§Ć£o da rede de distribuiĆ§Ć£o de Ć”guaPublication . Ferreira, Bruno; CarriƧo, Nelson; Covas, DĆdiaA presente comunicaĆ§Ć£o apresenta a aplicaĆ§Ć£o de uma abordagem estatĆstica para a deteĆ§Ć£o de roturas em redes de distribuiĆ§Ć£o de Ć”gua. A abordagem estatĆstica avalia continuamente os dados de caudal, recebidos a partir de um caudalĆmetro instalado Ć entrada da rede, e de forma a identificar perĆodos de mediƧƵes anĆ³malas. Os eventos de rotura sĆ£o detetados quando os perĆodos de mediƧƵes anĆ³malas excedem uma determinada duraĆ§Ć£o prĆ©- definida. A abordagem estatĆstica Ć© aplicada a dados de caudal de dois casos de estudo. Devido Ć inexistĆŖncia de dados reais sobre roturas, o estudo incidirĆ” sobre a introduĆ§Ć£o artificial de roturas nos dados de para posterior deteĆ§Ć£o utilizando a abordagem estatĆstica. O objetivo Ć© determinar os parĆ¢metros da abordagem estatĆstica que permitem minimizar (para cada caso de estudo) o tempo necessĆ”rio para deteĆ§Ć£o e o nĆŗmero de falsos positivos. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que: i) a abordagem estatĆstica pode ser parametrizada para minimizar o tempo necessĆ”rio para deteĆ§Ć£o, ou, alternativamente, o nĆŗmero de alarmes falsos positivos; ii) os melhores parĆ¢metros dependem da dimensĆ£o da rotura a ser detetada; e iii) para o mesmo caso de estudo, os melhores parĆ¢metros para uma rotura de uma determinada magnitude variam ao longo do ano.
- Flowrate time series processing in engineering tools for water distribution networksPublication . Ferreira, Bruno; CarriƧo, Nelson; Barreira, Raquel; Dias, Tiago; Covas, DĆdiaThe current paper presents a comprehensive methodology for processing unevenly (and evenly) spaced flowrate time series for subsequent use in engineering tools, such as the calibration of hydraulic models or the detection and location of leaks and bursts. The methodology is a four-step procedure: (a) anomaly identification and removal, (b) short-duration gap reconstruction, (c) time step normalization, and (d) long- duration gap reconstruction. The time step normalization is carried out by a numerical procedure prior to the reconstruction process. This reconstruction process uses a pattern model coupled with regression techniques (i.e., autoregressive integrated moving average and exponential smoothing). The methodology is calibrated using Monte Carlo simulations applied to a water utility flowrate time series and validated with two additional time series from different water utilities. Obtained results demonstrate that the proposed methodology can process flowrate time series from water supply systems with different characteristics (e.g., consumption pattern, data acquisition system, transmission settings) both for normal operating conditions and during the occurrence of abnormal events (e.g., pipe bursts). This methodology is a very useful tool for the daily management of water utilities, preparing the time series to be used in different engineering tools, namely, hydraulic simulation, model calibration or online burst detectio
- The challenge of the digitalization of the water sectorPublication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Ferreira, Bruno; Antunes, AndrĆ©; Caetano, JoĆ£oThe digitalization of the water sector is of utmost importance for improving the efficiency and sustainability of the managed systems. The digitalization process, however, can be seen as a ladder with several steps that the water utility must climb to become a smart utility. The reality is that many water utilities worldwide have not realized yet the benefits of digital transformation and, thus, the digitalization of the water sector lags behind other industries. This chapter presents the major challenges and the promising future that water utilities face in the journey of digitalization. Guidelines on how to choose the most adequate digital solution are also presented, as well as the trends for a smarter water utility.
- Urban water infrastructure asset management plan: a practical applicationPublication . Ferreira, Bruno; CarriƧo, NelsonThis paper aims the application of the Portuguese infrastructure asset management (IAM) methodology to a case study. This methodology establishes that the IAM plan should have three distinct planning levels: strategic, tactical and operational. Each one of these levels follows a five-step structured sequence: (i) definition of objectives, assessment criteria, metrics and targets; (ii) diagnosis; (iii) plan elaboration, along with the identification, comparison and selection of alternative solutions; (iv) plan implementation; (v) plan monitoring and review. The paper will focus, mainly in steps (i) to (iii) and to the tactical level of planning. Results obtained are discussed and the main conclusions are presented.
- Data and information systems management for the urban water infrastructure condition assessmentPublication . CarriƧo, Nelson; Ferreira, BrunoMost of urban water infrastructure around the world were built several decades ago and nowadays they are deteriorated. So, the assets that constitute these infrastructures need to be rehabilitated. Since most of the assets are buried, water utilities face the challenge of deciding how, where and when to rehabilitate. Condition assessment is a vital component on plan rehabilitation actions and is mostly based on the data collected from the managed networks. This collected data need to be put together in order to be transformed into useful information. Nonetheless, the large amount of assets and data involved makes data and information management a challenging task for water utilities, especially in those with as lower digital maturity level. This paper highlights the importance of data and information systemsā management for urban water infrastructure condition assessment based on the authorsā experience.