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- DNA typing of Diptera collected from human corpses in PortugalPublication . Cainé, Laura; Corte Real, Francisco; Saloña-Bordas, Marta I.; Martínez de Pancorbo, M.; Lima, Gabriela; Magalhães, Teresa; Pinheiro, FátimaMedico-legal entomology, one area in the broad field of entomology, is routinely used in forensic applications. Insects are often collected from a corpse during criminal information related to the body, but requires the fast and accurate identification of the species attracted to the remains. The local entomofauna in most cases is important for explaining entomological evidence. The survey of the local entomofauna has become a fundamental first step in forensic entomological studies, because different geographical distributions, seasonal and environmental factors may influence the decomposition process and the occurrence of different species on corpses. A morphological and DNA-based methods for species identification were used in this study. Thirty-two cases are reported from indoors and outdoors conditions. Specimens were collected from corpses during autopsy procedures in the National Institute of Legal Medicine, Portugal, and cases were summarized by sex, death local, month of discovery, probable cause of death, species found and number of analyzed specimens. Just eight species, mainly Calliphoridae together with one Sarcophagidae were reported from corpses. The DNA sequencing was performed to study the mitochondrial encoded subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase gene. The aim of this work was the beginning of a database of the cadaveric entomofauna in Portugal.
- Contribution to the Development of Guidelines in the Analysis of Biological Evidence in Sexual Assault InvestigationsPublication . Ferreira‐Silva, Benedita; Porto, Maria João; Magalhães, Teresa; Cainé, Laura
- Procedimentos técnicos, éticos e legais da competência do médico no cumprimento da lei da fiscalização da condução rodoviária sob influência do álcool e substâncias psicotrópicasPublication . Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge; Nunes, Rui; Carvalho, Félix; Santos, Agostinho; Teixeira, Helena M.; Vieira, Duarte Nuno; Salgado de Magalhães, Teresa MariaA toxicologia forense é uma ciência de características essencialmente analíticas que tem como objectivo esclarecer sobre questões judiciárias e judiciais que possam estar relacionadas com intoxicações e suas potenciais consequências, fatais ou não fatais, no âmbito dos diversos domínios do Direito (Penal, Civil, do Trabalho, ou outros). Entre o tipo de perícias toxicológicas que mais vezes são solicitadas (e que revelam tendência crescente) estão as que dizem respeito aos procedimentos relacionados com a fiscalização da condução rodoviária sob influência do álcool e de substâncias psicotrópicas no vivo e no cadáver. São peças chave em todo este sistema: (a) as entidades fiscalizadoras que procedem ao rastreio e quantificação do álcool no ar expirado e ao rastreio de substâncias psicotrópicas na saliva; (b) os serviços públicos de saúde que procedem ao rastreio de substâncias psicotrópicas na urina (quando não é realizado na saliva); (c) o médico que colhe as amostras de sangue, no vivo ou no cadáver; (d) o toxicologista forense que realiza a análise toxicológica no sangue (ou, eventualmente, noutra amostra biológica); (e) os magistrados do ministério público que, em última estância, irão receber o relatório toxicológico para fundamentação de uma eventual decisão judicial. Sendo assim é importante conhecer a Lei da Fiscalização Rodoviária sob Influência do Álcool e de Substâncias Psicotrópicas, designadamente no que ao papel do médico diz respeito. Por conseguinte, é objectivo deste trabalho proceder a uma revisão destes tópicos fornecendo os elementos necessários tendo em vista o esclarecimento dos interessados sobre os procedimentos que devem considerar ao nível técnico, ético e legal.
- Reading between the lines. Older people’s maltreatment: from detection to reporting in primary healthcarePublication . Frazão, S.; Morais, C.; Norton, P.; Pinto, P. Vieira; Magalhães, T.The issue of older people’s maltreatment (OPM) is gaining increased attention worldwide because of its significant short and long-term severe consequences. Healthcare professionals play a crucial role in detecting, reporting, and managing these cases, but many difficulties in these procedures exist, and underreporting is very frequent. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the extent of and difficulties in detecting and reporting suspected OPM cases by general practitioner physicians in Portugal. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among general practice physicians (GPPs) to assess their perceptions, experiences, and challenges in detecting and reporting older people maltreatment (OPM). The 13-item questionnaire explored sociodemographic factors, responsibility, confidence, reporting practices, and training needs, providing an updated insight into OPM management in primary healthcare. It was anonymous and conducted through a self-report questionnaire distributed in paper format to GPPs working in the National Health Service in the Northern of Portugal. We received 356 completed questionnaires for further analysis. The findings indicate that, on average, physicians suspect fewer than one OPM case per year; only 32% suspected at least one case in the previous year, although 55.3% and 54.5% of the physician’s revealed confidence in identifying signs of physical abuse and neglect, respectively. The ambiguity of the psychological symptoms was identified as a great challenge in detection (50.3%). Only 36.5% of the physicians were acquainted with the procedures for reporting suspected cases; however, of the 32% who suspected at least of one case in the previous year, only 39.5% reported all or at least some suspected cases; 16.9% chose not to report the case when requested by the victim or his/her caregivers. Most (91.6%) expressed a willingness to adopt protocols to assist them in managing such cases. A correlation was found between physicians’ satisfaction with OPM reporting training during undergraduate and postgraduate education and their ability to report (p=0.024), as well as with the number of reported cases (p=0.003). Thus, the detection and reporting of OPM by physicians remain major challenges that need to be overcome. Further research and greater awareness of the importance of these procedures are essential to ensure victims’ protection, safety, and health.