Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2010"
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- GikiCLEF topics and Wikipedia articles: Did they blend?Publication . Cardoso, Nuno; Peters, Carol; Nunzio, Giorgio Di; Kurimo, Mikko; Mandl, Thomas; Mostefa, Djamel; Peñas, Anselmo; Roda, Giovanna
- Clays from Vila Nova da Rainha (Portugal): Appraisal of their relevant properties in order to be used in construction ceramicsPublication . Coroado, João; Ferraz, Eduardo; Gomes, Celso F.; Rocha, FernandoThe clay deposit of Vila Nova da Rainha (VNR) is included in the lithostratigraphic forma tion named “Argilas de Tomar”, and is located at the lower section of the Tert iary Tagus’ river basin. Clay from one quarry is being extracted for the production of construction ceramics. In this work the firing transformations undergone by VNR cl ays containing quartz, alkaline feldspar, iron oxy-hydroxides, and clay minerals have been studied. Ca rbonates have not been identified in thes e raw materials. The clay layers can be subdivided in three groups based upon composition and ceramic properties. The first group, VNR0, is represented by smectite-kaolinite sandy-silty clay, the second group (VNR1 and VNR2) corresponds to illite-kaolinite bearing clay and the third group (VNR3 and VNR4) is represented by illite-smectite silty clay. The firing process involves the formation of hematite and mu llite both influencing the technical properties of the fired products. With regards to the ceramic properties assessed at 1100 ºC the first group showed the lowest total shrinkage value (7.35 %) the highest water absorption value (12.2 %) and the lo west mechanical bending strength value (12.0 MPa); the same properties assessed in the second group provi ded the highest firing shrinkage values (7.0-5.0 %), the lowest values of water absorption (0.1-0.2 %) and relatively high mechanical bending strength values (47.8-48.0 MPa); the third group showed firing shrinkage values within the range 3.5-4.2 %, water absorption values within the range 1.4-4.5 %, and the highest mechanical bending strength values (49.2-52.0 MPa). The results of the ceramic properties being appraised indicate that the raw materials being studied are suitable for the production of high-quality construction ceramics, such as brick, roof tile and rustic floor tile.
- Theory vs practice: synthesis of red lead following ancient recipesPublication . Gonçalves, Paula M.; Pires, João; Carvalho, Ana P.; Mendonça, Maria Helena; Cruz, António JoãoThe synthesis of red lead pigment (chemically lead oxide, Pb3O4) was carried out considering different starting lead compounds. The experimental procedure followed was established according to some recipes of ancient painting treatises and the knowledge of the phase transformation of lead oxides. The samples transformation was monitored by X-ray powder diffraction and selected samples were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The pure Pb3O4 phase was obtained for the transformation of PbO2 and 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2. Morphological studies revealed that the material obtained from PbO2 presented the more homogeneous grain size distribution. The transformation of white lead Kremer Pigment resulted in a mixture of Pbr3O4 (major phase) and cerussite (PbCO3), leading to a sample with low crystallinity.
- Sobre um tratado inédito de pintura da primeira metade do século XVII: o 'Breve Tratado de Iluminação', composto por um religioso da Ordem de CristoPublication . Cruz, António João; Monteiro, PatríciaAn anonymous Portuguese manuscript about painting materials and techniques, entitled Breve Tratado de Iluminação, that is, Short Treatise on Illumination, unpublished until now, is presented in detail, as well as its authorship, date, sources, structure and originality. The manuscript, dated from the first half of the 17 th century (after 1618), is a miscellaneous work composed by two main pieces, with the same calligraphy, and varied recipes, with diverse calligraphies, some of them organized around specific subjects. The two main pieces, in a small number of recipes, show the use of Filipe Nunes’ The Art of Painting, a Portuguese treatise published in 1615. In addition, these pieces quote technical procedures employed by both Portuguese and foreigner painters that worked in Portugal, although the sources of this information remain unknown. In relation to the assorted recipes, several were detailed copied from, among others unidentified sources, Nunes’ treatise and Spanish editions of Juan Pérez de Moya (the only work mentioned in the manuscript) and Alessio Piemontese works, both dated from the second half of the 16th century, and others recipes mentioned procedures used by Spanish or French artists. The manuscript, as a whole, seems to be an original work and it is possible that its authors were monks at a Lisbon convent.
- Clinical practice in Crohn's disease in bordering regions of two countries: Different medical options, distinct surgical eventsPublication . Magro, F; Barreiro-de Acosta, M; Lago, P; Carpio, D; Cotter, J; Echarri, A; Gonçalves, R; Pereira, S; Carvalho, L; Lorenzo, A; Barros, L; Castro, J; Dias, JA; Rodrigues, S; Portela, F; Dias, C; Costa-Pereira, A; EIGA; GEDIIContemplating the multifactorial nature of Crohn's disease (CD), the purpose of this study was to compare two neighbouring CD populations from different nations and examine how clinical characteristics of patients can influence therapeutic strategies and consequently different surgical events in routine clinical practice. Cross-sectional study based on data of an on-line registry of patients with CD in northern Portugal and Galicia. Of the 1238 patients, all with five or more years of disease, 568 (46%) were male and 670 (54%) female. The Portuguese and Galician populations were similar regarding Montreal categories, age at diagnosis, and years of follow-up. Galician B2 patients were associated with immunosuppression (OR 3.6; CI 2.2-6.1) and biologic treatment (OR 1.8; CI 1.0-3.1). In both populations ileocolonic disease was associated with immunosuppression and biologic treatment and the penetrating group was linked to immunosuppression. In the north of Portugal 47% and 16% of patients, and in Galicia 63% and 33%, were treated with immunosuppressants and biologic treatment, respectively. In the north of Portugal 44% of patients classified as stricturing behavior were operated without immunomodulation, in contrast to 12% in Galicia. In the latter it was possible to maintain 16% of B2 patients and 40% of B3 patients without surgery with adequate immunosuppression and/or biologic treatment. The delta of surgeries in B2 patients was 8% and in B3 26%. CONCLUSIONS: Stratifying patients according to the Montreal classification identified similar clinical patterns in disparate geographic populations, and revealed that differing medical therapeutic practices may influence the occurrence of surgical events.
- Em busca da origem das cores de 'O Livro de Como se Fazem as Cores': sobre as fontes de um receituário português medieval de materiais e técnicas de pinturaPublication . Cruz, António JoãoO Livro de Como se Fazem as Cores, that is, The Book on How to Make Colours, is a 15th century Portuguese compilation of receipts about painting materials and techniques for which sources and influences were searched. Contrary to the expectations, influences of the Mappae Clavicula were not found, but some similarities were detected between O Livro de Como se Fazem as Cores and Jehan Le Begue treatise’s Experimenta de Coloribus (1431), the H490 Montpellier Manuscript (1460-1480) and, to a lesser degree, thet Bolognese Manuscript also know as Segreti per Colori (first half of the 15i th century). These similarities manifested through the procedures on how to make some pigments, namely mosaic gold and silver blue, and through the names attributed to certain pigments or pigments’ raw materials.
- Estadiamento dos tumores ginecológicos – avaliação radiológicaPublication . Nascimento, Andreia Filipa; Cunha, Teresa MargaridaOs tumores malignos ginecológicos são uma importante causa de morte por cancro nas mulheres constituindo um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo e particularmente em Portugal. A radiologia tem um importante papel quer no diagnóstico quer sobretudo na avaliação pré-terapêutica, pelo que se impõe uma uniformização na apreciação destas patologias. O objectivo deste trabalho foi definir os protocolos técnicos de TC e de RM com base na revisão dos consensos europeus recomendados para a abordagem radiológica no estadiamento dos tumores malignos ginecológicos.
- A política externa da Turquia face a Israel : o regresso da ambição OtomanaPublication . Fernandes, José Pedro TeixeiraEste artigo visa analisar as relações diplomáticas e estratégicas que se estabeleceram entre a Turquia e Israel, desde a fundação do estado judaico em 1948. O principal objectivo é avaliar em que me‑ dida estas relações, que até um passado recente eram de proximidade e de parceria estratégica, sendo vistas como uma espécie de prolongamento dos interesses ocidentais na região, não se deterio‑ raram ao ponto de porem em causa essa relação estratégica e até o precário equilíbrio de poderes no Médio Oriente. Para disso, o objectivo é tam‑ bém tentar perspectivar aquilo que poderão ser as implicações futuras da actual política externa da Turquia, que é candidata à adesão à União Europeia, numa fase em que a União procura ganhar consistência como actor internacional, através da implementação dos novos instrumentos previstos no Tratado de Lisboa.
- Radical reconstructions : a critical analogy of US post-conflict state-buildingPublication . Vinha, Luís daAs questões relacionadas com o state‑building em situações pós‑conflito têm dominado muitos dos debates contemporâneos nas Relações Internacionais. Porém, as experiências de state‑building não são um fenómeno recente. O presente artigo estabelece uma analogia entre a actual experiência americana com o state‑building no Iraque e o esforço de reconstrução dos estados do Sul no período a seguir à Guerra Civil americana. O objectivo principal do exercício é tentar identificar semelhanças e diferenças nas dinâmicas envolvidas em ambos os casos. A observação demonstra que ambos os projectos de reconstrução não visavam restaurar a ordem política previamente existente. Pelo contrário, as experiências seculares de state‑building por parte dos EUA têm culminado na institucionalização de uma agenda de transformação radical das ordens política, social e económicas existentes. Tanto a Reconstrução Radical no Sul como a guerra no Iraque podem ser melhor compreendidas no quadro no projecto contemporâneo de construção da paz, englobado dentro do desígnio do state‑building liberal.
- Política de defesa de AngolaPublication . Rosa, Armindo Bravo daComunicação proferida pelo Brigadeiro Armindo Bravo da Rosa, no IDN no dia 27 de Abril de 2010, no âmbito do ciclo de conferências intitulado Visões Globais para a Defesa.