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- Factors influencing touristic consumer behaviourPublication . Santos, VascoPurpose – This paper aims to present a content analysis of two major constructs among tourism settings, namely involvement and emotions, strictly related to tourist behaviour, due to the fact that there are still some critical gaps in the knowledge about tourists’ emotions and involvement. Design/methodology/approach – An in-depth content analysis of involvement and emotions was adopted as the methodological approach. This methodology addressed an amalgam of different definitions, frameworks, mixed theoretical and practical applications and approaches, results, comparisons as well as a blend of a set of scales of involvement and emotions by confrontating of authors. Findings – The major findings state that emotions and involvement demonstrate greater progress and scientific development to the level of tourism, marketing and consumer behaviour, representing an important issue for the integrated tourism experiences. Originality/value – This study presents a critical reflection on the importance of emotions and involvement in specific contexts of leisure and tourism
- Mapping the wine visit experience for tourist excitement and cultural experiencePublication . Santos, VascoThis study aims to examine and estimate the relationships between wine involvement, cultural experience, winescape attributes, wine excitement and sensorial attraction in two different wine tourism destinations and the antecedent role of wine involvement as the starting point that enhances the other dimensions. Survey data was analysed using structural equation modelling. Results reveal a direct relationship of wine involvement, winescape attributes, and sensorial attraction in the cultural experience and wine excitement of wine tourists. Furthermore, the mediating role of winescape attributes and sensorial attraction was identified in the relationship between wine involvement cultural experiences. These results allow wine marketeers and decision-makers to map the different stages in a wine tourism experience and to combine the use of these five different wine tourism dimensions to deliver a superior cultural experience.
- The relationship between involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the Porto wine cellarsPublication . Santos, VascoPurpose – This paper aims to measure the role of involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the behavioural intentions of wine tourists when visiting Porto wine cellars. Design/methodology/approach – An interceptive survey was conducted with wine tourists during their visits to four Porto wine cellars. A convenience sample of 918 international visitors was obtained. A structural equation model using partial least squares analysis was used to test the hypothesis and the validity of the constructs and model. Findings – The structural model results indicated that wine tourists’ personal involvement and their wine involvement have a significant and direct influence on destination emotions and place attachment in Porto wine cellars during the visits, which determines their future behavioural intentions. Research limitations/implications – The generalizability of the results may be limited owing to the sample and the data collection method and the short time frame of the data gathering. Practical implications – There is a growing potential for researchers and managers to achieve benefits from the proposed model that will support the efforts for wine tourism theory and practice, such as brand positioning strategies and formulation of sharper marketing strategies. Originality/value – This is the first study to demonstrate the combined use of personal and wine involvement on destination emotions along with place attachment in a wine tourist behaviour context. This approach extends the scope into a wine tourism context because the combination of these three constructs has never been held in the area of wine tourism destinations.
- 4.0 Leadership Skills in Hospitality SectorPublication . Santos, Vasco; Pinto Dos Reis, Isabel; Sampaio, Marta CorreiaThis paper intends to analyses leadership skills in the hospitality sector in the era of 4.0 industry. The purpose is to explore the role of multi‐level forms of leadership and the profiles identified by the hospitality professionals. This is a quantitative study based on an online survey applied to two hotels, and the following research question have guided the present study: What are the 4.0 Leadership Skills in the hospitality sector? To answer the research question, the main technique to collect data was a questionnaire allowing to investigate the main issues related to 4.0 leadership skills. The results of the research are the identification of the leadership skills profiles, being this research significant for managers and leaders when developing organizational interactions from a multi‐level efficacy perspective. The conceptual contribution of the paper is a fresh macro‐analytical perspective concerning 4.0 leadership skills in the hospitality sector.
- CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN TOURISM: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INVOLVEMENT AND EMOTIONSPublication . Santos, Vasco; Ramos, Paulo; Ramos, PauloThis paper performs a content analysis on the literature focused on the emotions and involvement in tourism consumer behaviour. The scope of this research is to cover two of the most critical aspects of consumer behaviour. Involvement and emotions that are the two biggest elements that drive tourist consumer behaviour on tourist activity. We aim to define the concepts and understand its relevance in the behaviour of tourists on tourist activity in leisure tourism destinations. The methodological approach used is a content analysis to show definitions, mixed results, frameworks, different theoretical and practical approaches, comparisons and blend of various scales of involvement scales and emotions with the confrontation of authors. These results show that constructs are increasingly prominent on travel behaviour and are increasingly being explored and investigated in leisure sciences. The findings provide theoretical support bringing together a consensus on definitions. The content analysis produces insights on how the concepts and definitions of involvement and emotions were clarified and defined in a more holistic way.
- ANÁLISE DA OFERTA DE ENOTURISMO DA REGIÃO TEJOPublication . Santos, Vasco; Santos, Eulália; Oliveira, Simão; Caldeira, Ana; Martinho, FilipaO enoturismo é um dos produtos turísticos que mais se tem desenvolvido nas últimas décadas a nível mundial, sendo uma área que requer uma constante investigação e monitorização, por forma a adequar a oferta à evolução da procura. Este estudo, inserido no projeto de investigação científica, "Wine Experience and Sensations: Wine Heritage & Culture Explorer in Tejo Region", tem como propósito analisar a oferta de enoturismo da região Tejo, através da identificação, reconhecimento e levantamento das estruturas ou condições existentes em cada uma das unidades de enoturismo da região, certificadas pela Comissão Vitivinícola Regional do Tejo (CVR Tejo). A metodologia usada foi baseada num formulário de identificação da oferta do enoturismo do Tejo realizado pela CVR Tejo, aplicada aos responsáveis das unidades de enoturismo em estudo, obtendo-se uma amostra por conveniência no total de 26 unidades de enoturismo. A análise estatística foi realizada com recurso às técnicas de estatística descritiva, através do software IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Concluiu-se que as quintas de enoturismo da região Tejo cumprem os requisitos ao nível dos serviços básicos requeridos numa unidade de enoturismo, isto é, todas efetuam provas de vinho e circuito de visitas à adega e a maioria disponibiliza o circuito de visitas às vinhas, o que vai de encontro aos dados do Turismo de Portugal, no que se refere às atividades mais procuradas por enoturistas.
- E-CommercePublication . Santos, Vasco; Vieira, JorgeE-commerce is a business model that allows organizations to explore global markets. The objective of this study is to identify all the key points involved in e-commerce business, along with several sub-themes related to e-commerce, namely the concept of e-business and e-marketing. Next, it was noted that e commerce could express the connections between many purchase actors but is mainly used through the B2C model. The adoption of e-commerce is linked to different internet techniques and tools, which has several advantages and risks. This study also highlights the connections of e-commerce with globaliza tion, e-marketplaces, and platforms. Finally, the authors present the KPIs in terms of sales, marketing, and customer service that the e-sellers should take into account when they are defining the e-commerce strategy and the age segmentation criteria that must be used to create homogeneous groups of e-buyers.
- O PAPEL E IMPACTO DO USO DAS APPS NO TURISMOPublication . Rito, Catarina; Santos, VascoNuma era cada vez mais digital, é exigido ao setor do turismo que tire o máximo proveito do online e explore e potencie os meios e canais que estão ao seu alcance nas plataformas digitais. Os turistas usam a internet em todos os processos da sua viagem por distintos motivos, tais como: procuram o conhecimento sobre o local a ser visitado, facilidade, novidade, criatividade, prazer e atividades sociais. A tecnologia móvel está a transformar a experiência de viagem. Os dispositivos móveis tornaram-se um acessório padrão para os consumidores turísticos, a tecnologia permite aos utilizadores a procura e o acesso à informação de maneira instantânea. O turista usufrui das websites no período pré-viagem, mas, durante o seu percurso e, uma vez chegado ao destino, são as aplicações que ganham o lugar. As potencialidades das Apps são elevadas para a divulgação/promoção dos produtos turísticos, permitindo ao turista receber e ter informação de várias vias, em tempo real. Foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário online sobre a importância do uso das Apps no Turismo, obtendo-se uma amostra de 300 inquiridos. Os resultados demonstram que os turistas dominam cada vez mais a tecnologia do serviço da atividade turísticas e das viagens que realizam. Cada vez mais usam Apps nas suas viagens turísticas como ferramenta de melhoria da sua experiência de viagem. Por último, os turistas consideram ainda que devia haver uma nova App que fosse mais inovadora e melhorasse ainda mais e melhor a sua experiência de visita no destino turístico.
- Towards a framework for the global wine tourism systemPublication . Santos, VascoPurpose – Wine tourism has stood out as a very recognized and valid tourism and marketing segment, growing worldwide and urging the complex needed advances on wine tourism practices performance. This paper aims to develop a new framework strictly applied to the global wine tourism system, taking into account emerging and future constructs and dimensions that precede and consequence it. Design/methodology/approach – The systematic mapping study (SMS) was adopted as the selected research methodological approach, both to analyze and to structure a broad research field concerning methods, designs and research, focuses on the papers published in reliable academic databases such as Emerald, ProQuest, Sage, Science Direct, Scopus, Wiley, Web of Science, Taylor and Francis and Wiley were properly selected and analyzed. Findings – The following four dimensions were found to comprise the global framework of the wine tourism system: (1) support features (governance, public policies and economic investment; supply development; physical and capacity conditions; requirements of health safety; opinion makers and leaders: managers/ stakeholders/players/marketers and benchmarking and value chain); (2) innovation ecosystem (profile of the new generations of wine tourists; virtual and augmented reality: digital and hybrid wine events; smart wine tourism companies; digital channels and platforms: blogs, websites, applications; wine tourism creative activities for all [from kids to seniors] and sustainable and ecologic wine tourism practices); (3) wine tourism experience dimensions (storytelling; involvement; winescape; attachment; emotions and sensory) and (4) behavioural intentions (satisfaction; loyalty; and WoM). Research limitations/implications – The framework still needs to be empirically applied in wine tourism settings to enrich tourists’ robustness in cross-cultural wine tourism experiences, covering a wider spread of abroad wine tourism destinations and products. Practical implications – This framework is a useful tool and becomes vital to their continued success, as a key reference of wine tourism management and marketing. As a wine tourist’s visitation frequency plays a role in his/her travel motives, product and service quality of tour packages must be improved and monitored. Originality/value – This is the first research study to demonstrate the combined use of the main domains forming the wine tourism system within a global perspective, covering of the most critical aspects.
- Academic Tourism and Transport Services: Student Perceptions from a Social Responsibility PerspectivePublication . Santos, VascoFirms aim at achieving their economic interests without neglecting the needs of local and regional communities and the environment itself. The process involves defining and implementing Social Responsibility strategies that leverage organizational competitiveness and sustainability. In this context, the current study purposes to demonstrate how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and a sustainable orientation influence the satisfaction and loyalty of academic tourists to the Metro of Porto (in Portugal). More specifically, our study aims to assess the satisfaction of academic tourists with the Metro of Porto and, additionally, to analyze the variables that determine the satisfaction and loyalty of these tourists to this specific transport company, which has never been achieved before. Our proposed research model seeks to determine how CSR and a sustainable orientation influence academic tourists’ loyalty to the Metro of Porto transport services as well as their link to Service Quality, Perceived Value, Corporate Image and Tourist Satisfaction. From a sample of 256 academic tourists, customers of the Metro of Porto, a quantitative analysis was carried out using the structural equation model (SEM-PLS). The results obtained allow us to conclude that CSR and Service Quality have an impact on academic tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty to the Metro of Porto. The development of a region is intrinsically linked to transport networks that promote the integration and growth of productive systems. Our results demonstrate the relationship between regional development and business sustainability strategies that integrate Social Responsibility practices. We show the importance that Social Responsibility policies have for companies as a precursor to customer satisfaction and loyalty to a company. Hence, as a guarantee of obtaining economic results, firms must simultaneously contribute to the sustainable development of territories.