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- A PERCEÇÃO DOS ALUNOS DE TURISMO SOBRE A AUTENTICIDADE NO TURISMOPublication . Carvalho, Rui
- Onboarding Handbook: An Indispensable Tool for Onboarding ProcessesPublication . Pinto dos Reis, Isabel; Carvalho, Rui; Martinho, FilipaOnboarding handbooks constitute a very important and powerful tool in the socialization and integration processes of recruits implemented by Human Resources. As companies compete to thrive in global markets, the attraction and retention of employees have been given much attention in recent years. One of the strategies developed by companies to achieve this goal are the so-called Onboarding Handbooks given to newcomers, serving as a means of facilitating workers’ integration into the everyday processes of the company. As a consolidated research area, many HR studies have been developed around these subjects, as these manuals have been proven to be important tools in the socialization process of the former candidate, now entering the organisational culture of a given enterprise. A literature review was developed according to the main variables of the study of Organisational Socialization processes, strategies, and methods, with special emphasis on the onboarding book. To find out if these manuals correspond to the relevant literature of HR, eight of the onboarding handbooks from several public and private organizations have been analysed following the proposed structure of onboarding handbooks presented in the literature review. In addition, purposeful sampling was followed and content analysis on the handbooks was developed. The paper’s contributions are twofold: (a) the authors suggest a complete and up-to-date structure for the contents of onboarding books to be applied by HR managers and (b) compare its structure to several manuals of different enterprises from various sectors of the Portuguese economy. Findings show that the onboarding book remains an important tool and facilitator of organisational integration. Although, the onboarding processes are changing, and even the format of the onboarding books can become different (digital or not), their contents are essential for the socialization of newcomers and a means to organisational culture dissemination as well as containing functional contents such as internal norms and regulations.
- Living the Creative Life: Evidence from “lifestyle entrepreneurs” engage in creative tourismPublication . Carvalho, RuiThe creative consumption of tourism has directed tourism agents towards cultural products, services, and experiences contributing to the lifestyle and identity expression of both consumers and producers as co-creators. Traditional cultural mediators have changed cultural and creative capital ac quisition, representing diverse social agencies and originating di erent forms of mediation marked by new technologies, and new virtual networks playing a relevant part in creative tourism contexts. New cultural mediators correspond to entrepreneurs whose lifestyle is prioritized by the privilege of pursuing non-material gains and pleasant activities instead of professional goals. Few studies have tried to know who these people are, what motivates them to be involved in the creative experiences they o er, and what they learn from the co-creation processes. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to lling in these gaps in creative tourism studies. Hence the authors applied qualitative and quantitative techni ques to analyze the life trajectories of lifestyle entrepreneurs engaged in creative tourism experiences. Findings show that creatives are not always connected to creative jobs, their motives for engaging in such experiences are seen as an economic supplement and the exchange of learning and personal skills are present in such experiences. These considerations contribute to better design creative experiences.
- Creative Tourism Consumption: Framing the Creative Habitus through a Bourdieusian LensPublication . Carvalho, RuiCreative tourism studies remain a newly developed field, pointing to changes in the con sumption of tourism and culture while influencing how creativity and co-creation differentiate tour ism supply through exploring the existential dimensions of creative experiences, the latter remain ing an under-researched theme in the creative tourism literature. In addition, this type of tourism is presented as more responsible and sustainable than other types of massified forms of tourism. Building on a Bourdieusian approach, an updated version of Bourdieu’s main sociological thinking tools was used to analyse the creative habitus of both the supply and demand involved in the co creation of creative tourism experiences. The authors developed 42 semi-structured interviews with creatives and creative tourists using the Loulé Criativo network in Portugal as a case study and applied qualitative techniques for the data treatment. The results showed that the creative habitus could move successfully between fields, expressing a sustainable agency towards creative tourism consumption. Autodidactism is important for skill development and knowledge replication result ing from the co-creation of creative experiences. The creative habitus, endowed with intercultural and creative capital, is characterized by self-education and ecological awareness where co-creation and coexistence with other creative people enhance the development and replication of creative competencies outside the tourism field.
- O CONTRIBUTO DOS EVENTOS CULTURAIS E CRIATIVOS PARA A CRIAÇÃO DE UMA IMAGEM DIFERENCIADORA DO DESTINO TURÍSTICO MADURO. O CASO DO FESTIVAL MED DE LOULÉ, ALGARVEPublication . Carvalho, RuiO problema de pesquisa pretendeu saber se os pressupostos do turismo criativo, presentes em eventos de cariz cultural, poderiam por sua vez influenciar a imagem de um destino turístico maduro. Incidindo na oferta, a investigação pretendeu analisar não os impactes tradicionais dos eventos, mas sim a adopção de novas medidas culturais e criativas em contexto de regeneração urbana. A metodologia utilizada incidiu na revisão bibliográfica sobre as variáveis de estudo (turismo cultural e criativo, processo de formação da imagem do destino e eventos), análise de conteúdo, técnica de amostragem “snowball” e entrevistas. O estudo de caso incidiu na cidade de Loulé, Algarve, onde o Festival MED foi analisado em relação a estas problemáticas. Não só foi identificada a vontade em criar um bairro cultural na cidade louletana como o facto de o festival ser visto como a alavanca principal de regeneração urbana do centro histórico local. No entanto, foi possível constatar através das entrevistas, que apesar da aposta em novas políticas culturais e criativas, o evento Festival MED não pode por si só influenciar a criação de uma imagem diferenciadora para o destino turístico maduro Algarve, concorrendo antes para uma diferenciação da oferta turística do concelho de Loulé.
- Safety and Tourism in the Post-COVID 19 EraPublication . Carvalho, RuiThe COVID-19/SARSCOV2 global pandemic has originated inter alia health, economic and social crises. With limitations enforced by national governments, a global war on the virus has been followed by a vaccine war with scarcity problems on the production side, as many countries are struggling to protect their citizens. Tourism, one of the world´s most important economic areas with social-cultural, political and environmental impacts, has witnessed these problems from up close. Despite this, changes operated by the pandemic have taken tourism researchers and practitioners to profile new tourists, elaborate new ways to engage with them, follow emergent market tendencies, rethink tourism businesses and redevelop new tourism strategies for the future. This essay-like contribution is developed under the premise that because the rules of the touristic game have changed, we can rethink tourism concepts in a way that reflects the vast impacts of the pandemic upon the constant change, anxiety and volatile times we are experiencing as a society. I approach this discussion by briefly mentioning the implications that originated several changes observed in tourism studies by the so-called “cultural, critical and creative turns”. Then, drawing from the concept of transmodernity, tourism safety is addressed in a broad and updated view in the context of the tourism phenomenon in a post-pandemic reality. By aligning the discourse of transmodernity with the repercussions of the “cultural, critical and creative turns” in tourism studies I intend to contribute to the ongoing debated about how tourism consumption will develop in the near future.
- A literature review on the role of cultural capital in creative tourismPublication . Carvalho, RuiTourism literature mentions creative tourism as a special interest tourism allowing a wider participation of the tourist near local communities and their tangible and intangible cultural assets in opposition to traditional massive cultural tourism. The creative tourist has the opportunity to engage in meaningful experiences mainly through the act of cocreation. In the experience economy where experiences gain relevance in relation to services, some authors mention the development of several types of capital by different groups like supply managers, local communities and creative tourists. This is relevant to the study of tourism because various social groups mentioned above are gaining importance in the organization of supply and demand. A systematic review was used as methodology to analyze how cultural capital theory is being used in creative tourism. Findings showed that only few researches have applied capital theory to creative tourism and much more research is needed.
- Cultural and Creative tourism in PortugalPublication . Carvalho, Rui; Ferreira, Ana Maria; Figueira, Luís MotaA new paradigm in the tourism industry is changing the meaning of culture and its use in promoting several touristic products/experiences and destinations. The questions we want to answer are the following: How can creative tourism be important in a destination and what are its implications in its organization? Methodology was based on the bibliographic review related to the object of study, data and content analysis, “snowball sampling” technique, surveys and participant observation technique. This paper analyzes how the event MED Festival in Loulé, Algarve has improved local economy, solved urban problems in the historical center (venue of the event) and helped to differentiate touristic supply in the mature touristic destination in the Algarve, Portugal.