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- Literacia financeira no 1.º CEB: o papel do jogo na natureza no desenvolvimento da aprendizagemPublication . Oliveira, Ana; Martins, Fernando Manuel Lourenço; Mendes, RuiConsiderando a importância que o jogo na natureza pode ter na aprendizagem das crianças, realizou-se um estudo com duas turmas do 4.º ano de escolaridade, um grupo de controlo (GC) e um grupo experimental (GE), no ano letivo 2021/22, do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB) de um agrupamento de escolas do concelho de Coimbra. O estudo, que teve por objetivo analisar a influência do jogo na aprendizagem de conteúdos de Literacia Financeira (LF), desenvolveu-se em três fases: (i) a fase pré-intervenção, com a aplicação aos alunos de ambos os grupos de um teste com conteúdos em LF, para fazer o levantamento das aprendizagens já realizadas; (ii) a fase de intervenção que, relativamente ao GE, se desenvolveu em dois contextos, natureza e sala de aula, durante 12 sessões de trinta minutos, em cada contexto. Na natureza, os alunos participaram em atividades lúdicas que passaram pelo reconhecimento e preparação do terreno e culminaram num jogo, baseado no Monopólio, para desenvolverem as suas aprendizagens em LF. Na sala de aula, estas aprendizagens foram desenvolvidas através de trabalhos de pesquisa em grupo; O GC desenvolveu atividades em LF, recorrendo ao modelo tradicional com a realização de exercícios disponíveis no manual adotado e/ou fornecidos pela respetiva Professora Titular de Turma; (iii) a fase pós-intervenção, voltou a contar com a aplicação de um teste, a ambos os grupos, a fim de se perceber qual a influência da fase de intervenção, no que diz respeito à aprendizagem de conteúdos de LF. Os resultados do estudo mostram que os alunos do GE obtiveram melhores resultados comparativamente com os alunos do GC, pelo que se pode concluir que existe uma influência do uso do jogo na natureza nas aprendizagens efetivas dos alunos sobre conteúdos de LF.
- GPT3 as a Lexical Knowledge Base for Portuguese?Publication . Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Rodrigues, RicardoWe test the GPT3 language model in zero- and few-shot acquisition of lexico-semantic knowledge in Portuguese, with simple instruction prompts, and compare it with a BERT-based approach. Results are assessed in two test sets: TALES and the Portuguese translation of BATS. GPT3 outperforms BERT in all relations, with the few-shot approach being the best overall and for the majority of relations. Scores in both datasets further suggest that, despite their different creation approaches, they are equally suitable for this kind of evaluation.
- Original-Copy: ideation for a lampshade inspired by naturePublication . KOSZTYLA BANDEIRA MAIA, PEDRO NUNO; Pinto, Raul PereiraThe following article looks at nature as a cultural pre-set narrative (or set of narratives) and reflects on how it can influence the design process to achieve a concrete result - a product. It describes an ongoing process that intersects intangible (behaviours) and tangible (matter) expressions of nature with the concept of Original-Copy, as the conceptual framework to develop and materialize a lampshade.The inclusion of behaviour patterns presents poetic and imaginative properties to trigger the conceptual phase of a project, while biomatter was chosen to physically materialize the ideas. In this context, the Original-Copy concept works as the archetype on which a new product can be based.The aforementioned approach has been applied and developed through a workshop, which intends to join the three concepts referred to above: behaviours, matter and original-copy.Firstly, a taxonomy of animals´ seduction rituals and courtship behaviours has been developed, which includes various criteria of classification, such as duration, triggers, interaction, or intensity. This taxonomy works as the catalyst of the workshop, to promote imagination and disruption in the design process.In this challenge, the shape of the object is predetermined by an original form (an archetype), in this case, the renowned Constanza lampshade, produced by the Italian brand Luceplan. The poetic dimension is induced by the attempt of translating the patterns of animal mating rituals described in the taxonomy into the characteristics of the biomaterial. The final objective was for the participants to express themselves through the physical dimension (texture, opacity, smell, touch, taste, bias) of created materials, inspired by animal behaviours, and use it to create the reinterpretation of the pre-existing form of the Constanza lampshade.After explaining the workshop methodology, the article presents the main ideas generated. Selected behaviours and the way of their application, composition of the created biomaterials used to materialize the ideas, as well as the final outcomes are described.An important part of the article is the report on the failed attempts of creating the materials and constructing the lampshades, their causes and the impact on the whole process.In the future, further evaluation and development of the proposed approach are anticipated, through the described workshops in different social and geographic contexts. It is awaited the possible creation of collections of other design classics lampshades, based on distinct triggers, for example on endogenous resources, emphasizing different ways how nature can influence design.
- Natural and artificial lighting: Influence on readabilityPublication . Espada, Sílvia Maria; Teixeira, Ana Rita; Ferreira Antunes, Maria Fernanda; Brito-Costa, SóniaIn the study we present, the effects of different types of light (natural or artificial), different types of texts (scientific and children’s) and different reading formats (on screen and on paper) on our readability are addressed, as well as determining the preference of each participant for reading tasks and to what extent reading with natural light and with influences of artificial light affects their readability in design, and how the reading process could be done more effectively, through manipulation of lighting variables. The experiments were based on different tasks, which required 10 participants, to read two different texts (children’s text and scientific text), in two different formats (print and screen) under two different types of lighting (natural light and artificial light). During reading, we recorded the following parameters: Heart rate and EEG signal (levels of calm, neutral and active (%) using two devices: a heart rate monitor to measure heart rate and Muse, a brain detection headband that uses real-time biofeedback in its brain activity, which we used to monitor brain activity. After completing the protocol, participants answered a questionnaire to collect data on their reading preferences and were composed of three parts: the first part consisted of questions aimed at collecting demographic information from the participants (age, nationality, and other useful data for our research); the second part addressed three questions about the participants reading preferences; the third part was designed to explore the participants opinions about the test and their comfortability. We conclude that participants prefer reading on paper rather than on screen and their performance was better in reading with artificial light. Although reading with natural light was the preference of most participants, reading with artificial light provides better performance in performing the tasks. These findings could help designers to better understand the roles of lighting variables in the reading process and to create light design products that are more efficient, sustainable, and comfortable.
- The Influence of Line Length: A Pilot StudyPublication . Teixeira, Ana Rita; Brito-Costa, Sónia; ANTUNES DE ABREU, MARIA FERNANDA; Espada, Sílvia MariaThe aim of this work is to understand the impact of typography on humans in terms of reading. Several tests were carried out to achieve the proposed objective of understanding the influence of different visual variables to ensure a more precise reading process. Four variables were studied using various sensors, such as the Brain Computer Interaction (BCI) device, to measure brain activity (active, neutral, and calm) and heart rate activity (HRA). The reading time and the number of errors were also considered. The results show that the visual variables have a different impact considering the type of text (scientific and children’s text) as well as the reading medium (paper or screen). In addition, the results show that preferences vary according to the type of visual variables as predicted and as confirmed by the measurements taken during the reading process. However, oddly enough, the participants when questioned during the survey, their answers were not coincident by the measurement results. For this reason, this empirical study in interaction design is important as a future reference approach to the perceptibility and readability of text. On the other hand, the use of BCI and HRA parameters is not widely described in the literature. So, this paper allowed to perceive and identify the most adaptable typographic parameters both in the type of text and in the reading medium.
- Behavioral Differences And Impact Of Lowercase And Uppercase Letters On Reading PerformancePublication . Teixeira, Ana Rita; Brito-Costa, Sónia; Ferreira Antunes, Maria Fernanda; Espada, Sílvia MariaThe aim of this work is to understand the impact of lowercase letters and uppercase letters in terms of reading. Four sessions were held in which subjects are aged from 15 to 59 years old. Of the 19 participants with a mean age of 26.52 years (SD=13.14), to understand which letters (lowercase versus uppercase) presents a shorter reading time and higher levels of calmness, considering two different complexity texts (children and scientific) in two different forms of interaction (paper reading and screen reading). Several tests were carried out to ensure the intended result in order to comprehend the influence of various visual variables because of a more precise reading process. Four variables were examined using various sensors, including the Brain Computer Interaction (BCI) device, to measure heart rate activity (HRA) and levels of brain activity (active, neutral, and calm). The number of errors, the reading time, the heart rate variability and the calmness, active and neutral levels were considered. Our findings demonstrate that depending on the type of letters (lowercase versus uppercase), and the type of text (scientific versus children's text), and the reading text presentation (paper or screen), the visual variables have a different effect on reading performance.
- Estereotipização e Lutas de Identidade: Da tiranização de Saddam Hussein à ocidentalização do povo iraquiano no jornal PúblicoPublication . CERQUEIRA BORGES, SUSANA MARIAAbordamos a defesa da guerra como o "mal menor" que libertará um povo oprimido e garantirá asegurança internacional, nos editoriais do jornal Público de Março de 2003, confrontando a sua retórica dedivisão entre Ocidente e Oriente, assente na dicotomização entre "Nós" e o "Outro", com o pressupostode que os termos carecem de estabilidade ontológica, sendo "feitos de esforço humano, em parteafirmação, em parte identificação do outro" (Said, 2004: XIII).A influência da comunicação mediática será equacionada entre o seu potencial como instrumento dehegemonia ideológica (Gramsci, 1974: 393) e a sua capacidade de "regular produção de poder legítimoatravés da linguagem (num sentido comunicacional de abertura dos media ao mundo, à vida e àexperiência humana)" (Esteves, 2005: 38).Se "a política é o lugar, por excelência, da eficácia simbólica, acção que se exerce por sinais capazes deproduzir coisas sociais e, sobretudo, grupos" (Bourdieu, 2001: 159), problematizamos a função políticadestes editoriais na construção de um "nós ideológico" que visa fabricar um consenso que legitime aguerra (Rojo, 1995: 75-76), servindo a clausura auto-referencial do sistema político (Luhmann, 2006: 87),em detrimento do debate crítico-racional (Habermas, 1998: 443).
- LemPORT: a High-Accuracy Cross-Platform Lemmatizer for PortuguesePublication . Rodrigues, Ricardo; Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Gomes, PauloAlthough lemmatization is a very common subtask in many natural language processing tasks, there is a lack of available true cross-platform lemmatization tools specifically targeted for Portuguese, namely for integration in projects developed in Java. To address this issue, we have developed a lemmatizer, initially just for our own use, but which we have decided to make publicly available. The lemmatizer, presented in this document, yields an overall accuracy over 98% when compared against a manually revised corpus.
- NLPPort: A Pipeline for Portuguese NLPPublication . Rodrigues, Ricardo; Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Gomes, PauloAlthough there are tools for some the most common natural language processing tasks in Portuguese, there is a lack of available cross-platform tools specifically targeted for Portuguese, from end to end, namely for integration in projects developed in Java. To address this issue, we have developed and tweaked, over the last half-dozen years, NLPPort, a set of tools that can be used in a pipelined fashion, which we have made publicly available. In this paper, we present the major features of such set of tools.
- ASAPP 2.0: Advancing the state-of-the-art of semantic textual similarity for PortuguesePublication . Alves, Ana; Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Rodrigues, Ricardo; Encarnação, RuiSemantic Textual Similarity (STS) aims at computing the proximity of meaning transmitted by two sentences. In 2016, the ASSIN shared task targeted STS in Portuguese and released training and test collections. This paper describes the development of ASAPP, a system that participated in ASSIN, but has been improved since then, and now achieves the best results in this task. ASAPP learns a STS function from a broad range of lexical, syntactic, semantic and distributional features. This paper describes the features used in the current version of ASAPP, and how they are exploited in a regression algorithm to achieve the best published results for ASSIN to date, in both European and Brazilian Portuguese.