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- Strategic Analysis of Olive and Olive Oil Markets Dynamics: Comparison of Evolution and Trends in Portugal and Türkiye and their Position in Global ContextPublication . Mendes, Lara; Rodrigues, Ivo; Leandro, Alexandra; Şeker, Murat; Kavdır, YaseminThe olive and olive oil industry plays a pivotal role in global agriculture and food markets, undergoing significant transformations due to shifts in production, consumption, and trade dynamics. This study provides a comparative analysis of the olive and olive oil markets in Portugal and Türkiye, countries with distinct production and consumption patterns, addressing a gap in the literature. Using data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the International Olive Council (IOC), and national statistics, the research employs descriptive statistics and trend analysis to examine production, trade flows, consumption habits, and the impact of geographical indications (PGI, PDO). The findings reveal substantial shifts in global olive and olive oil markets influenced by climate change, consumer preferences, and international trade policies. While Portugal focuses on high-quality olive oil production and exports, Türkiye is a major producer of table olives and olive oil, driven primarily by domestic consumption with growing export ambitions. The study highlights opportunities for regional market differentiation and strategic adaptation to global trends, alongside threats such as climate vulnerability and market volatility. These insights are crucial for policymakers, producers, and consumers, offering strategic recommendations to capitalize on opportunities and mitigate risks. The research emphasizes the importance of future studies on climate change, consumer behavior, and technological advancements to support sustainable development and market competitiveness.
- From Vineyards to Global Markets: The Evolution and Trends, Opportunities and Threats of Grape and Wine Industries in Portugal and TürkiyePublication . Rodrigues, Ivo; Bacalhau, Lara Mendes; Leandro, AlexandraThe global grape and wine industry is a vital agricultural sector encompassing various applications such as table grapes, raisins, juice, and wine production. This paper addresses a gap in the literature by providing a comparative analysis of the evolution, trends, opportunities, and threats within the grape and wine industries of Portugal and Türkiye, two countries with rich viticultural histories and cultural ties but with distinct market dynamics and strategic approaches to grape utilization. To ensure a robust comparative analysis, the study uses data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), and national statistical agencies and sectorial bodies, to examine the evolution and current trends in Portuguese and Turkish markets and their position in the global market. The findings highlight the distinct market trajectories: Portugal continues to consolidate its position as a major wine producer and exporter with established global markets, while Türkiye's market remains fragmented, with potential growth in both wine and non-wine segments, including domestic consumption and international trade, despite facing significant regulatory and socio-political challenges. The strategic analysis identifies opportunities such as Portugal’s capacity to further enhance its wine export strategies and Türkiye’s potential to expand both domestic consumption and exports potential across various grape products. However, it also highlights threats, including increasing global competition and regulatory challenges in Portugal, alongside socio-political and regulatory barriers that could impede Türkiye's wine sector growth. This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a nuanced understanding of the distinct paths taken by Portugal and Türkiye, and strategic insights into their market positioning. The findings offer valuable implications for producers, marketers, and policymakers, emphasizing how these countries can leverage their unique strengths in grape production and address challenges to achieve sustainable growth in both wine and other grape-related rapidly evolving global markets.
- Mobilização da consciência e evidência histórica através da metodologia de trabalho por projeto. Conceções de crianças do 6.º ano de escolaridadePublication . Lopes, Joana; Mota, LuísEste estudo procura analisar de que forma a aquisição de consciência e de evidência histórica, por parte das crianças, pode ser potenciada pela aplicação da Metodologia de Trabalho por Projeto. Projeto de investigação-ação desenvolvido em 2021, em contexto de estágio curricular, realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e de Português e História e Geografia de Portugal no 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Centra-se no domínio dos conceitos de segunda ordem, envolvendo a estratégia educativa de Metodologia de Trabalho por Projeto, relativamente a conteúdos referentes ao Estado Novo. Visava promover a mobilização de consciência e evidência histórica, averiguar o desenvolvimento de consciência histórica mediante a estratégia educativa aplicada e analisar a importância do trabalho por projeto para desenvolver competências essenciais à apreensão de conceitos de segunda ordem. Investigação de natureza qualitativa, com recurso a observação e inquéritos por questionário, sendo os dados submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Registam-se diferentes níveis de aproveitamento e interesse nas temáticas exploradas, o desenvolvimento de competências históricas e a mobilização de conceitos de segunda-ordem subjacentes às tarefas propostas, identificando-se obstáculos na intervenção e na análise do conteúdo recolhido.
- MultiLexBATS: Multilingual Dataset of Lexical Semantic RelationsPublication . Gromann, Dagmar; Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Pitarch, Lucia; Apostol, Elena-Simona; Bernad, Jordi; Bytyçi, Eliot; Cantone, Chiara; Carvalho, Sara; Frontini, Francesca; Garabik, Radovan; Gracia, Jorge; Granata, Letzia; Khan, Fahad; Knez, Timotej; Labropoulou, Penny; Liebeskind, Chaya; Buono, Maria Pia di; Anić, Ana Ostroški; Rackevičienė, Sigita; Rodrigues, Ricardo; Sérasse, Gilles; Selmistraitis, Linas; Sidibé, Mahammadou; Silvano, Purificação; Spahiu, Blerina; Sogutlu, Enriketa; Stanković, Ranka; Truică, Ciprian-Octavian; Oleškevičienė, Giedrė Valūnaitė; Zitnik, Slavko; Zdravkova, KaterinaUnderstanding the relation between the meanings of words is an important part of comprehending natural language. Prior work has either focused on analysing lexical semantic relations in word embeddings or probing pretrained language models (PLMs), with some exceptions. Given the rarity of highly multilingual benchmarks, it is unclear to what extent PLMs capture relational knowledge and are able to transfer it across languages. To start addressing this question, we propose MultiLexBATS, a multilingual parallel dataset of lexical semantic relations adapted from BATS in 15 languages including low-resource languages, such as Bambara, Lithuanian, and Albanian. As experiment on cross-lingual transfer of relational knowledge, we test the PLMs’ ability to (1) capture analogies across languages, and (2) predict translation targets. We find considerable differences across relation types and languages with a clear preference for hypernymy and antonymy as well as romance languages.
- BATS-PT: Assessing Portuguese Masked Language Models in Lexico-Semantic Analogy Solving and Relation CompletionPublication . Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Rodrigues, Ricardo; Ferreira, Bruno; Silvano, Purificação; Carvalho, SaraThis paper presents BATS-PT, the manual translation of the lexicographic portion of the Bigger Analogy Test Set (BATS) to European Portuguese. BATS-PT covers ten types of lexicosemantic analogies and can be used for assessing word embeddings and language models. Following this, the dataset is showcased while assessing two pretrained language models for Portuguese, BERTimbau and Albertina, in two tasks: analogy solving and relation completion, both in zero- and few-shot mask-prediction approaches. Experiments reveal different performance across relations and, in both tasks, the best overall performance was achieved with BERTimbau, in a five-shot scenario. We further discuss the limitations of the reported experiments and directions towards future improvements in these tasks.
- Breaking the Programming Language Barrier: Multilingual Prompting to Empower Non-Native English LearnersPublication . Prather, James; Reeves, Brent N; Denny, Paul; Leinonen, Juho; MacNeil, Stephen; Luxton-Reilly, Andrew; Orvalho, Joao; Alipour, Amin; Alfageeh, Ali; Amarouche, ThezyriE; Kimmel, Bailey; Wright, Jared; Blake, Musa; Barbre, GwenethNon-native English speakers (NNES) face multiple barriers to learning programming. These barriers can be obvious, such as the fact that programming language syntax and instruction are often in English, or more subtle, such as being afraid to ask for help in a classroom full of native English speakers. However, these barriers are frustrating because many NNES students know more about programming than they can articulate in English. Advances in generative AI (GenAI) have the potential to break down these barriers because state of the art models can support interactions in multiple languages. Moreover, recent work has shown that GenAI can be highly accurate at code generation and explanation. In this paper, we provide the first exploration of NNES students prompting in their native languages (Arabic, Chinese, and Portuguese) to generate code to solve programming problems. Our results show that students are able to successfully use their native language to solve programming problems, but not without some difficulty specifying programming terminology and concepts. We discuss the challenges they faced, the implications for practice in the short term, and how this might transform computing education globally in the long term.
- Literacia financeira no 1.º CEB: o papel do jogo na natureza no desenvolvimento da aprendizagemPublication . Oliveira, Ana; Martins, Fernando Manuel Lourenço; Mendes, RuiConsiderando a importância que o jogo na natureza pode ter na aprendizagem das crianças, realizou-se um estudo com duas turmas do 4.º ano de escolaridade, um grupo de controlo (GC) e um grupo experimental (GE), no ano letivo 2021/22, do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB) de um agrupamento de escolas do concelho de Coimbra. O estudo, que teve por objetivo analisar a influência do jogo na aprendizagem de conteúdos de Literacia Financeira (LF), desenvolveu-se em três fases: (i) a fase pré-intervenção, com a aplicação aos alunos de ambos os grupos de um teste com conteúdos em LF, para fazer o levantamento das aprendizagens já realizadas; (ii) a fase de intervenção que, relativamente ao GE, se desenvolveu em dois contextos, natureza e sala de aula, durante 12 sessões de trinta minutos, em cada contexto. Na natureza, os alunos participaram em atividades lúdicas que passaram pelo reconhecimento e preparação do terreno e culminaram num jogo, baseado no Monopólio, para desenvolverem as suas aprendizagens em LF. Na sala de aula, estas aprendizagens foram desenvolvidas através de trabalhos de pesquisa em grupo; O GC desenvolveu atividades em LF, recorrendo ao modelo tradicional com a realização de exercícios disponíveis no manual adotado e/ou fornecidos pela respetiva Professora Titular de Turma; (iii) a fase pós-intervenção, voltou a contar com a aplicação de um teste, a ambos os grupos, a fim de se perceber qual a influência da fase de intervenção, no que diz respeito à aprendizagem de conteúdos de LF. Os resultados do estudo mostram que os alunos do GE obtiveram melhores resultados comparativamente com os alunos do GC, pelo que se pode concluir que existe uma influência do uso do jogo na natureza nas aprendizagens efetivas dos alunos sobre conteúdos de LF.
- GPT3 as a Lexical Knowledge Base for Portuguese?Publication . Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Rodrigues, RicardoWe test the GPT3 language model in zero- and few-shot acquisition of lexico-semantic knowledge in Portuguese, with simple instruction prompts, and compare it with a BERT-based approach. Results are assessed in two test sets: TALES and the Portuguese translation of BATS. GPT3 outperforms BERT in all relations, with the few-shot approach being the best overall and for the majority of relations. Scores in both datasets further suggest that, despite their different creation approaches, they are equally suitable for this kind of evaluation.
- Original-Copy: ideation for a lampshade inspired by naturePublication . KOSZTYLA BANDEIRA MAIA, PEDRO NUNO; Pinto, Raul PereiraThe following article looks at nature as a cultural pre-set narrative (or set of narratives) and reflects on how it can influence the design process to achieve a concrete result - a product. It describes an ongoing process that intersects intangible (behaviours) and tangible (matter) expressions of nature with the concept of Original-Copy, as the conceptual framework to develop and materialize a lampshade.The inclusion of behaviour patterns presents poetic and imaginative properties to trigger the conceptual phase of a project, while biomatter was chosen to physically materialize the ideas. In this context, the Original-Copy concept works as the archetype on which a new product can be based.The aforementioned approach has been applied and developed through a workshop, which intends to join the three concepts referred to above: behaviours, matter and original-copy.Firstly, a taxonomy of animals´ seduction rituals and courtship behaviours has been developed, which includes various criteria of classification, such as duration, triggers, interaction, or intensity. This taxonomy works as the catalyst of the workshop, to promote imagination and disruption in the design process.In this challenge, the shape of the object is predetermined by an original form (an archetype), in this case, the renowned Constanza lampshade, produced by the Italian brand Luceplan. The poetic dimension is induced by the attempt of translating the patterns of animal mating rituals described in the taxonomy into the characteristics of the biomaterial. The final objective was for the participants to express themselves through the physical dimension (texture, opacity, smell, touch, taste, bias) of created materials, inspired by animal behaviours, and use it to create the reinterpretation of the pre-existing form of the Constanza lampshade.After explaining the workshop methodology, the article presents the main ideas generated. Selected behaviours and the way of their application, composition of the created biomaterials used to materialize the ideas, as well as the final outcomes are described.An important part of the article is the report on the failed attempts of creating the materials and constructing the lampshades, their causes and the impact on the whole process.In the future, further evaluation and development of the proposed approach are anticipated, through the described workshops in different social and geographic contexts. It is awaited the possible creation of collections of other design classics lampshades, based on distinct triggers, for example on endogenous resources, emphasizing different ways how nature can influence design.
- Natural and artificial lighting: Influence on readabilityPublication . Espada, Sílvia Maria; Teixeira, Ana Rita; Ferreira Antunes, Maria Fernanda; Brito-Costa, SóniaIn the study we present, the effects of different types of light (natural or artificial), different types of texts (scientific and children’s) and different reading formats (on screen and on paper) on our readability are addressed, as well as determining the preference of each participant for reading tasks and to what extent reading with natural light and with influences of artificial light affects their readability in design, and how the reading process could be done more effectively, through manipulation of lighting variables. The experiments were based on different tasks, which required 10 participants, to read two different texts (children’s text and scientific text), in two different formats (print and screen) under two different types of lighting (natural light and artificial light). During reading, we recorded the following parameters: Heart rate and EEG signal (levels of calm, neutral and active (%) using two devices: a heart rate monitor to measure heart rate and Muse, a brain detection headband that uses real-time biofeedback in its brain activity, which we used to monitor brain activity. After completing the protocol, participants answered a questionnaire to collect data on their reading preferences and were composed of three parts: the first part consisted of questions aimed at collecting demographic information from the participants (age, nationality, and other useful data for our research); the second part addressed three questions about the participants reading preferences; the third part was designed to explore the participants opinions about the test and their comfortability. We conclude that participants prefer reading on paper rather than on screen and their performance was better in reading with artificial light. Although reading with natural light was the preference of most participants, reading with artificial light provides better performance in performing the tasks. These findings could help designers to better understand the roles of lighting variables in the reading process and to create light design products that are more efficient, sustainable, and comfortable.