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- Intervention studies with group design targeting expressive phonology for children with developmental speech and language disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Kunnari, Sari; Sanduvete-Chaves, Susana; Chacon-Moscoso, Salvador; Alves, Dina Caetano; Ozbič, Martina; Petinou, Kakia; Tolonen, Anna-Kaisa; Zajdó, Krisztina; Frizelle, Pauline; Murphy, Carol-Anne; Saldanha, David; Laasonen, MarjaBackground: Phonological difficulties are prevalent in children with speech and/or language disorders and may hamper their later language outcomes and academic achievements. These children often form a significant proportion of speech and language therapists’ caseloads. There is a shortage of information on evidence-based interventions for improving phonological skills in children and adolescents with speech and language disorder. Aims: The aim of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to systematically examine the effects of different intervention approaches on speech production accuracy and phonological representation skills in children with speech and language disorders. Methods: A preregistered systematic review (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews ID: CRD42017076075) adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was completed. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, ERIC, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS and Linguistics & Language Behavior Abstracts) were searched for studies related to oral language interventions with children with developmental speech and/or language disorder (mean age ranging from 3– 18 years) published between January 2006 and August 2022. The included articles reported intervention studies with a group design in which speech production accuracy was the outcome measure. Studies were appraised using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and individual effect sizes were calculated using standardised means differences when enough data was available. A meta-analysis was conducted obtaining the average standardised mean difference d. Heterogeneity, influence of possible moderator variables and publication bias were explored. Results: The 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria presented low-medium risk of bias. Nine effect sizes were obtained from seven of these studies that presented a pre-post-test with a control group design. Medium-high average effect sizes were found in phonological accuracy. Heterogeneity was found between individual effect sizes. Significant moderator variables and publication bias were not detected. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis indicate positive effects on speech production accuracy. Based on this review, further improvements in the quality of reporting for intervention research are required in developing the evidence base for practice.
- Animação de Bibliotecas e Espaços Museológicos: reflexão (crítica) sobre uma experiência de promoção de leitura e literaciasPublication . Pessoa, Ana MariaO objetivo deste texto é refletir sobre a conceção e a área ocupada pela Unidade Curricular de Animação de Bibliotecas e Espaços Museológicos no curso de Animação e Intervenção Sociocultural. As práticas nela desenvolvidas, de 2014/2015 ao presente, são aqui enunciadas e partilhadas. Reflete-se ainda sobre as experiências inovadoras que, nas áreas da leitura e literacias, bibliotecas, museus e espaços museológicos, animação destes espaços, promoção de leitura, se colocam a profissionais de animação
- MC Melody e MC Brinquedo: infância e gênero nas narrativas dos funkeiros mirins no YouTubePublication . Monteiro, Vanessa; Marôpo, Lidia; Sampaio, InêsEste artigo discute as narrativas audiovisuais dos funkeiros mirins MC Melody e MC Brinquedo no YouTube com o objetivo de refletir sobre a imagem infantil que os dois youtubers mirins funkeiros projetam e quais as diferenças de gêneros que evidenciam. Descrevemos quatro conjuntos de elementos sobre uma amostra in-tencional de três vídeos de cada um dos artistas: dados gerais, elementos da estó-ria, recursos da narrativa e características da edição. Para analisar de forma explo-ratória as interações da audiência, consideramos os dados de visualização, avalia-ção (gostei e não gostei) e os comentários (elogios e críticas). Levamos em conta as desigualdades de gêneros evidenciadas pelos discursos midiáticos e pela cultura digital, o contexto periférico em que o funk se desenvolve e a infância como cons-trução social. Neste enquadramento, a expressão infantil na música e na dança evidencia-se tanto como potência disruptiva, como submetida à mimética da cultu-ra patriarcal e aos limites da lógica empresarial. Sexo e dinheiro são temas centrais dos vídeos, que desafiam o ideal da infância como um período de inocência e dependência. O público critica a performance erotizada de MC Melody, mas pou-pa MC Brinquedo, que apresenta conteúdo sexual mais explícito, o que evidencia permissões e interditos condicionados por seus respectivos gêneros.
- Personalising the user experience of a mobile health application towards Patient EngagementPublication . Madeira, Rui Neves; Germano, Helena; Macedo, Patrícia; Correia, NunoStuttering is a multifactorial speech disorder that usually has several impacts on daily life, especially regarding loss of confidence in social situations and increased anxiety levels. BroiStu is a mobile health application that was developed to address the impacts of stuttering on people who stutter, allowing them to be more aware of their speech disorder in their everyday life. The personalisation of the user experience may be particularly important to maintain the patient engaged with the application towards a long-term use to take full advantage of the application’s features. This paper presents the implementation of personalisation aspects in BroiStu, introducing the model that is being followed, describing the features used, and presenting the results obtained with a preliminary experiment. The personalisation mechanisms are provided by a cloud-based platform that is designed to serve different applications. Interesting findings and further work are presented.
- A mulher com obesidade: que vivência da sexualidade?: um estudo de casoPublication . Germano, Helena; Moisão, Catarina
- Early Identification of Pre-school Children with Speech-language Disorder in Primary Health Care SettingsPublication . Mendes, Ana; Valente, Ana Rita; Loureiro, Helena; Clemêncio, Graça; Melo, Elsa; Lousada, MarisaSpeech-language disorders in pre-school children is considered a public health problem since its international prevalence is reportedly to be 20%. This study aimed to identify European-Portuguese pre-school children with speech-language disorder through RALF speech-language screening (Rastreio de Linguagem e Fala), in primary health care settings. RALF is a reliable and valid instrument that revealed strong levels of reliability, sensitivity and specificity for European-Portuguese (EP) pre-school children. 10 nurses with more than 6 years of clinical experience in a primary health care centers administered RALF to 37 (5-6 years old) EP children as part of health-child care routine. Results indicate that 21.6% of children did not pass the RALF screen and were referred to an in-depth speech and language assessment. This finding was in agreement with international research and reinforces the need for an early and precocious identification of the speech-language disorder in pre-school children. That is, way before the disorder has installed and has an impact on the academic, social and emotional development. This action-research study also reveals the important of using a valid, reliable, sensitive, and specific, as well as, culturally and linguistically adequate screening instruments by the health professionals as part of health-child care routine in primary health care centers.
- Contributos para a construção de um texto foneticamente equilibrado para o português-europeu.Publication . Mendes, Ana; Costa, Alexandra Nunes da; Martins, Alexandra Delgado; Fernandes, André Filipe; Vicente, Sara Margarida; Freitas, TâniaObjectivo: o objectivo deste estudo consiste na criação de um Texto Foneticamente Equilibrado para o Português-Europeu (PE) designado “O Sol”. Método: quatro sujeitos da região de Setúbal, entre [21-49] anos (dois do sexo feminino e dois do masculino) leram em voz alta o texto “O Sol”. As gravações realizadas com Olympus (VN- 240PC e VN- 2100PC com microfones integrados) serviram para a contabilização dos fonemas produzidos. Os procedimentos foram: 1) a comparação entre as frequências relativas dos fonemas do “O Sol” e as frequências relativas descritas no PF_fone, através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e do teste de Mann-Whitney; 2) a comparação entre a transcrição larga e a estreita, verificando-se os fenómenos de coarticulação; e 3) a análise dos formatos silábicos. Resultados: a análise estatística demonstrou que as frequências relativas de ocorrência dos fonemas do texto “O Sol” têm uma correlação forte com as do PF_fone (r = 0,924). As medianas das frequências relativas de ocorrência dos fonemas do texto foram significativamente iguais às do PF_fone (p<.05). Conclusão: o texto “O Sol” está próximo de um texto foneticamente equilibrado ideal, uma vez que se verificaram os pressupostos pré-definidos. Fonologicamente, apresenta os formatos silábicos mais frequentes no PE, verificou-se ainda uma diminuição na frequência relativa de fonemas na transcrição estreita, devido a fenómenos de coarticulação. Futuros trabalhos incidirão no aumento da amostra.
- Prevalence of vocal problems in portuguese primary and secondary shool level teachersPublication . Mendes, Ana; Salema, Luís; Rodrigues, Américo; Conceição, Iolanda; Bonança, Íris; Santos, MargaridaThis study compared the prevalence of vocal problems in two Portuguese groups: 73 teachers that use their voice as professional tool (teachers’ group) and 73 non-voice professionals (control group). It also identified the risk factors that contributed to teachers’ group voice problems. A questionnaire was applied to both goups in order to obtain information about vocal health, hygiene and behavior, professional activity and general physical health. Statistical results revealed that the teachers’ group presented a higher prevalence of vocal problems than the control group: 52% reported hoarseness, 46.6% vocal fatigue and 45.2% vocal discomfort compared with 31.5%, 20.5 % e 28.7%, respectively. Environmental factors (eg., smoke and cold temperatures), vocal abuse and upper respiratory pathologies (e.g., colds, laryngitis and pharyngitis) seemed to increase teachers’ voice disorders (p-value < .05). In conclusion, the absence of vocal pedagogy in the curricular plan of teachers’ higher education associated to poor working environmental conditions and professional voice demands explained the higher prevalence of vocal problems in teachers’ group.
- Validade e sensibilidade do texto foneticamente equilibrado para o Português-Europeu “O Sol”Publication . Mendes, Ana; Moreira, Miriam; Costa, Alexandra; Murtinheira, Andreia; Jorge, AnaFace ao crescente índice de envelhecimento e às alterações motoras da fala decorrentes, torna-se emergente a validação de instrumentos de recolha e análise das características da produção dos sons da fala de adultos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar se o texto foneticamente equilibrado (TFE) “O Sol” contém os fone(ma)s na mesma frequência de ocorrência do discurso espontâneo, recorrendose aos corpus PF_fone e FrePOP e determinar a sensibilidade do TFE “O Sol” às variações dialetais do português-europeu (PE). Uma população de 55 sujeitos normofalantes, com uma média de idades de 29 anos num intervalo entre [18 – 58] anos, leram em voz alta o TFE “O Sol”. As amostras foram recolhidas com um gravador Sony linear PCM-D50 (96KHz/24bit). A frequência relativa (Fr) dos fones do TFE “O Sol” foi comparada com a Fr dos dois corpus de referência, sendo o limiar de aceitação estabelecido, maior ou igual a -0,05. A frequência absoluta (Fa) dos fones do TFE “O Sol” foi comparada em função do dialeto dos sujeitos. Verificou-se que a Fr de 30 dos 38 fones do TFE “O Sol” são iguais ou superiores ao limiar de aceitação. A Fa de 6 dos 38 fones foi diferente significativamente (p<0,05) nos três dialetos. Concluindo, o TFE “O Sol” apresenta todos os fones do PE, sendo 78.9% numa frequência de ocorrência próxima à do discurso espontâneo, estando assim asseguradas as validades de conteúdo, de construção e concorrente. O TFE “O Sol” pode ser aplicado em sujeitos dos três dialetos do PE por apresentar sensibilidade a estes.
- Clinical education reflective ecological model for health science majorsPublication . Mendes, Ana; Martins, Paula; Alarcão, Isabel; Melo, Elsa; Pereira, João C.; Rua, Marília; Brandão, Piedade; Costa, Rui; Sancho, LuísThe clinical education is an integral part of the Health Science majors’ curriculum programs of the University of Aveiro’s School of Health (i.e., Nursing, Physical Therapy, Radiology, Radiotherapy and Speech-Language Pathology) and aims to develop clinical competences in order to generate excellent health care professionals. The organization was based on the Ecological Model of Clinical-Reflective Training, which was characterized by inter-institutional interaction and student’s reflection on actions on a professional setting. This study encompassed two moments of clinical internships in the Nursing, Physical Therapy, Radiology and Radiotherapy majors. The Clinical Internship I provided the 123 students with a global view of the health care professional activities. The Clinical Internship II, with 119 students, developed competences of each health professional. Questionnaires with categorical scales from 1 to 5 evaluated the organization and efficiency of the two internships. The results revealed averages over 3 in all items. In conclusion, the Ecological Model of Clinical-Reflective Training was well accepted by students and clinical supervisors. Applications in the health care area were demonstrated.