EN - PCCIN - Linha de Investigação de Apoio à Decisão
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- Comparing Childhood Hypertension Prevalence in Several Regions in PortugalPublication . Teodoro, M. FilomenaThe pediatric high blood pressure has severe the risk factors and it’s prevention is mandatory. To evaluate the pediatric arterial hypertension caregivers Knowledge, in [1, 2] was done a preliminary study of an experimental and simple questionnaire with 5 questions previously introduced in [3]. The analysis of an improved questionnaire applied to children caregivers and filled online was completed in [4, 5]. In the present work, we obtain estimates about the childhood hypertension prevalence in several regions of Portugal. As preliminary approach, we perform an analysis of variance. The results evidences significant differences of high blood pressure prevalence between girls and boys; also the children’s age is a significant issue to take into consideration.
- Evaluating the Static Relative Positioning Accuracy of a GPS Equipment by Linear ModelsPublication . Teodoro, M. Filomena; Gonçalves, Fernando M.The processing of baselines with considerable length may not be successful due several problems, for example, the ionospheric and tropospheric delays estimates are not adequate. To reduce this problem, there exists some models to minimize the biases. The first-order ionospheric biases can be reduced by 98% 98% taking the combination of L 1 L1 and L 2 L2 carrier-phase. The equipment under evaluation uses this solution to the most baselines considered in our work. Still is necessary to reduce the tropospheric bias. An improved and advanced tropospheric bias mitigation strategy is used as alternative to a simpler one. The reduction of bias is verified and quantified using the rate of successful baselines processed by the GPS equipment which uses an improved strategy with a zenith tropospheric scale factor per station. We have built some models by general linear models to evaluate the performance of the equipment. We are aware that 1D and 2D present different behaviors, we analyzed both cases individually with each strategy. In this article, we present partially such analysis for 2D case.
- Design Challenges of a Maritime Multipurpose Unmanned VehiclePublication . Lopes, Vasco Pereira; Silva, Paulo Alexandre Marques Pires da; Moreira, MiguelMilitary Navies have several missions in which due to their complex, dangerous, or disaster scenarios, unmanned vehicles are suitable to perform the necessary tasks. Besides other issues it is a current subject of research the trade-off between using many mission oriented unmanned vehicles or the use of less number of more robust and versatile multimission vehicles. Challenged by the technological advances achieved in mobile robotics and unmanned vehicles, and the need to develop in house know-how, this project aimed to put into practice the development of a concept design of a multimission unmanned surface vehicle, that can operate individually or cooperate with other systems whose development will be done in parallel on other projects. This unmanned vehicle, designated Unmanned Surface Vehicle for the Portuguese Navy - USV – PoN is part of project based oriented learning strategy in development in the Portuguese Naval Academy. It poses particular challenges related to the broad spectrum of the concept of operations, such as mine warfare operations, port surveillance and protection operations, search and rescue operations, hydrographic data collection operations. All of these operations demand different and challenging missions and tasks, to which the concept design of the USV-PoN will answer in terms of feasibility studies and possible configurations. The purpose of this work is to address the challenges that the concept of operations and corresponding technical specifications put into the design of the USV-PoN and show how to overcome them making the study and analysis necessary for the production of a prototype based on the concept design. Out of the scope of this work were aspects related to sensor development and integration as well as the command and control of the vehicle.
- Designing for Safe Maritime NavigationPublication . Conceição, Vítor Fernando Plácido daSeveral technological advances have been seen the maritime domain to achieve higher operational efficiency and to address the generally recognised causes of most maritime accidents. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) endorses the use of best available technology to “drive continuous improvement and innovation in the facilitation of maritime traffic” in line with the goal of sustainable development. It is commonly acknowledged that modern technology revolutionized marine navigation, and presently it has a large potential to increase safety in navigation. However, the incorporation of new technologies in support of navigation also brought unforeseen critical consequences, contributing to unsafe practices, or even to accidents or incidents. Several issues were associated with human factors. To properly address the adoption of the newest technology in support of safe navigation, IMO established the e-navigation concept, currently under implementation. The complexity of the maritime socio-technical system requires novel theoretical foundations, since many of the present framework rely on the analysis of accidents. The design of complex maritime navigation system must take place on several levels, providing different perspectives over the system problems. The evaluation and design of technologies envisaged by the e-navigation concept requires a better understand of how teams perform the navigation work in the pursuit of safe navigation. This study attempts to provide a better understanding on how maritime navigation is currently done on-board, considering the overarching elements and their interactions. In maritime navigation safety is a transverse issue, and that is why we need to know the conditions for safe navigation to improve the design of ship navigation control. The work supporting this thesis was focused on: (i) understanding how navigation is done and to perceive by the practitioners, (ii) understanding interactions between humans and technological interfaces, and (iii) understanding the relevant soft skills for the navigation functions. To address these topics, data was collected from expert practitioners such as navigators, pilots and instructors, thru semi structured interviews and questionnaires. The mains contribution of this study lies in presenting a framework of maritime navigation, exploring the control processes in the different levels of the maritime socio-technical system. In the view of safe operations, interactions between stakeholders are clarified, trying to determine how they influence safe navigation. This systemic view is then analysed from the perspective of the ship, considering it as a Joint-cognitive system (JCS). It is proposed that this JCS comprises 5 control levels: reactive, proactive, planning, strategic and political-economical. Planning is considered a fundamental process in the maritime Socio-technical system, because it facilitates the interactions between the different control level. It also increases the integrity of communications and enhances the predictability of the different control agents. New directions are proposed to improve the design of navigation system, recommending new roles for human and automated agents, and presenting a new conceptual navigation display.
- Tomada de decisão e memória transitiva no treino militar: O caso dos centros de comando e controlo de um navioPublication . Cavaleiro, Sandra Campaniço; Gomes, Catarina; Lopes, Miguel Pereira
- A simulação como ferramenta de desenvolvimento de competênciasPublication . Cavaleiro, Sandra Campaniço; Gomes, Catarina; Lopes, Miguel Pereira
- The Challenges for the Global Ocean GovernancePublication . Campos, Aldino Santos deThe Global Ocean is the cornerstone of our planet's life support system. It encompasses one of four Global Commons, the High Seas, and represents the sum of all seas and oceans that are interconnected at a global scale. Although considered as a unique piece of the planet system, it consists on multiple and complex components, regulated autonomously but interacting with each other. Ocean Governance is a topic that, while not new, is still far from consensual in the way it is conceptualized and implemented. Although the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), recognized by a large number of States as "the Constitution for the Oceans", determines its spatial configuration and regulates the components of the Ocean, this is not achieved globally, resulting in gaps in terms of spatial coverage of this single element - the Global Ocean. Considering the theme’s complexity and the interdependence of the maritime areas’ regimes pursuant the Convention, this paper highlights some of the major constraints and challenges regarding to Global Ocean Governance to be faced in the years to come. Among others, issues as the legitimacy of the governance process in the global scene, the tragedy of the global commons and the evolution of the oceans’ regime, will be considered to set the major emerging challenges in this proposed topic.
- Resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação: uma abordagem DOTMLPI-IPublication . Neves, Paulo Jorge Baptista das; Correia, Fernando Jorge RibeiroO conceito de ciberespaço resulta da interligação das redes de comunicações e de diferentes sistemas de informação à escala global. A abstração deste espaço de comunicações apresenta evidentes vantagens para a sociedade de informação em que vivemos. A sua utilização maciça por indivíduos e organizações fez com que ele se tornasse crítico para as empresas e para o próprio estado, pois a exploração das vulnerabilidades dos diferentes sistemas que o utilizam podem afetar as infraestruturas que prestam serviços críticos à sociedade. Para assegurar a qualidade da informação que nele circula é necessário que existam mecanismos de monitorização permanentes, com capacidade de prevenção e resposta aos incidentes que coloquem em causa a segurança da informação. Existem já vários modelos e normativos para a organização desta capacidade de resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação. Neste artigo iremos apresentar a metodologia utilizada pela OTAN para a edificação de capacidades operacionais, aplicando-a à identificação dos elementos críticos a considerar na edificação de uma capacidade de resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação no ciberespaço.
- The Expanded Cognitive Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) applied to Team Decision-Making in Emergency Preparedness SimulationPublication . Marques, Mário Simões; Coelho, Denis A.; Filipe, João N. O.; Nunes, Isabel Maria LopesThe study demonstrates the use of the expanded TLX instrument (Helton, Funke & Knott, 2014) for cognitive and team-related workload self-assessment of 38 participants, solving the UNISDR – ONU stop disasters game simulation. Subjectsin one group (GF; n=30) performed group decision-making without prior individual practice on the simulation. A subset of GF participants (n=6) subsequently reiterated the simulation alone, reassessing their cognitive workload. Another group (IF; n=8) individually performed the simulation and reiterated it in groups. Most GFparticipants, moving from group to singly conditions, reported decreasing physicaland temporal demands, unchanged self-assessed performance, and increased mentaldemands, effort and frustration. IF participants incurred increasing mental, physical and temporal demands, as well as increased effort, with decreasing frustration and better performance, from singly to group conditions. Team workload results differed across groups; GF had higher levels of reported team dissatisfaction, equivalent assessments of team support and lower assessments of coordination and communication demands coupled with decreased time sharing as well as lower team effectiveness, compared to IF. Results bear implications on training of decision-making teams; singly training team members preceding group training supportsteam-decision making effectiveness and individual performance within teams goingthrough first stages of a system learning curve.