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Percorrer por autor "Sousa, Joana"

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  • Active aging awareness and well-being among older adults in Portugal
    Publication . Costa, Andreia; Henriques, Joana; Alarcão, Violeta; Henriques, Maria Adriana; Madeira, Teresa; Virgolino, Ana; Sousa, Joana; Santos, Rodrigo Feiteira; Arriaga, Miguel; Rocha, Jorge; Nogueira, Paulo
    Objective: This study aims to assess the active aging awareness of older adults in mainland Portugal and their levels of overall well-being and to identify social and health-related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 613 older adults, aged 65 or older, who participated in the PROKnos – Knowing Social Prescribing needs of the elderly study in Portugal. The questionnaire consisted of the Active Ageing Awareness Questionnaire and the World Health Organization – Five Well-Being Index, as well as sociodemographic, economic, and health status questions. Correlation coefficients, t-tests for independent samples, and one-way ANOVA were used to explore potential associations between variables. Results: The active aging awareness levels were significantly higher for women (p = 0.031), and those who were younger (p = 0.011), more educated (p < 0.001), had a better financial situation (p < 0.001), and had better health (p < 0.001). The same pattern was found for well-being, except in relation to gender, as men had higher levels (p = 0.016). These variables were found to be correlated. Discussion: Even though active aging is an important strategy to implement, it is indispensable to consider the perceptions and conditions that need to be in place before that. This study reveals that several social and health-related factors are associated with well-being and active aging awareness, as well as the differences between groups that exist in mainland Portugal in relation to that. This emphasizes how vital it is to address social inequalities in active aging efforts, which are not necessarily uncovered when only considering actual active aging measures.
    2023Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Avaliação do impacto da presença de bactérias no par tribológico dente/zircónia
    Publication . Sousa, Joana; Pina, Célio
    A cavidade oral é compreendida como sendo um ecossistema complexo, composto por diversos microrganismos. Neste sentido o Streptococcus salivarius foi selecionado como microrganismo representativo da flora bucal e foi estudada a proliferação bacteriana na zircónia e no dente. Posteriormente foi avaliado o impacto do biofilme formado no desgaste dentário durante contacto mecânico. Procedeu-se em primeiro lugar à caracterização do Streptococcus salivarius tendo-se efetuado o estudo do crescimento em meio standard de crescimento, BHI (Brain Heart Infusion). Como se pretendia simular a cavidade oral foi selecionada uma saliva artificial, com diferentes suplementos, para prosseguimento do mesmo. Dos diferentes suplementos utilizados, glucose, extrato de carne e ureia, a glucose foi o que se revelou mais adequado, dado que o perfil de crescimento neste meio foi semelhante ao registado em BHI. Foi igualmente estudado o efeito da variação do pH no crescimento do Streptococcus salivarius, tendo-se verificado que em BHI o crescimento é máximo entre pH 7 e 8 enquanto na saliva suplementada com glucose o pH ótimo é 7. Assim a saliva artificial suplementada com glucose a pH 7 foi selecionada como o meio ótimo de crescimento do Streptococcus salivarius. Foi igualmente efetuado o estudo do efeito da presença de material, dente e zircónia, no pH de crescimento tendo-se registado uma diminuição, para pH 6, do pH ótimo na presença de zircónia. Os testes de desgaste foram do tipo pino-sobre-placa, com movimento recíproco a uma frequência de 1 Hz e uma temperatura de 37 °C, em saliva artificial suplementada com glucose a pH 7. Foram realizados durante 6 horas tendo-se utilizado como pinos cúspides de dentes pré-molares e de molares, e como placas a zircónia. Terminados os testes foi analisado o coeficiente de atrito e as áreas desgastadas para os vários lubrificantes utilizados: saliva, saliva com glucose e saliva com glucose e Streptococcus salivarius. Verificou-se que para o último lubrificante ocorre uma diminuição considerável do coeficiente de atrito, de 0,7 para 0,2 aproximadamente, e uma redução de 50% da área desgastada. As cúspides foram ainda observadas ao microscópio óptico e no MEV, tendo-se constatado que cada cúspide é única e que apresentam os mais diversos mecanismos de desgaste nas zonas desgastadas. Foi assim possível concluir que o biofilme influencia o desgaste uma vez que promove uma diminuição do atrito que por sua vez diminui a área desgastada, pois serve de lubrificante ao meio. Relativamente às placas de zircónia estas não apresentam quaisquer alterações o que significa que a zircónia não sofre desgaste relevante, mas em contacto com os destes humanos ajuda a promover o desgaste dos mesmos.
    2015-03-23Dissertação de mestrado Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Characterization of Antidepressant Consumption in a Portuguese Inland Population.
    Publication . Soares, Sofia; Rosado, Tiago; Santos, Vítor Hugo; Rei, Cristina; Amantegui, Patricia; Pissarra da Costa, António; Chaves, Telma; Valente, Rita; Duarte, Fábio; Pacheco, Susana; Martins, Marco; Dias, Kátia; Costa, Patricia; Costa, Rui; Castro, Sílvia; Sousa, Diana; Figueiredo, Diana; Soares, Isabel; Mouta, Salomé; Jesus, Bianca; Pires, Ana; Ribeiro, Cândida; Lobo, Sónia; Correia, Leonor; Malés, Sofia; Vale, Fátima; Moita, Carina; Moura, Carolina; Sousa, Joana; Afonso, Luís Rafael; Costa, Rita Santinho; Barroso, Mário; Gallardo, Eugenia
    Mental disorders are a growing global concern, with depression being among the most prevalent. Portugal ranks second in antidepressant consumption within the OECD, following a threefold increase between 2000 and 2020. In inland regions such as Beira Interior, reduced healthcare services and distance from major hospitals further complicate access to care. This study analysed 142 patients from Beira Interior undergoing antidepressant therapy to characterise their demographic and clinical profile and to assess associations with adverse effects. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data, clinical diagnoses, prescribed antidepressants, concomitant medications, and reported adverse effects. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. Most participants were female (81.0%), with a mean age of 57.8 years. Major depression was the most common diagnosis (76.1%). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (47.4%) and trazodone (27.8%) were the most prescribed agents. Treatment had lasted one to five years in 59.9% of cases. Concomitant use of benzodiazepines (76.8%) and antipsychotics (48.6%) was frequent. Reported adverse effects included anticholinergic symptoms (38.7%) and confusion/agitation (26.8%). Women were more likely to use serotonin modulators, while patients >64 years had higher odds of using tetracyclic/unicyclic antidepressants, serotonin modulators, and multiple antidepressants. These classes were significantly associated with increased adverse effects. The findings reveal important risks related to polypragmasia and adverse reactions, underscoring the need for individualised prescribing, rigorous monitoring, and strict adherence to guidelines. Larger, stratified, and longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causality and optimise treatment outcomes.
    2025-08-31Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Chromatographic determination of antidepressants in plasma and saliva: Towards non-invasive therapeutic monitoring
    Publication . Soares, Sofia; Rosendo, Luana; Fonseca, Suzana; Gonçalves, Nuno; Franco, João; da Costa, António Pissarra; Rosado, Tiago; Barroso, Mário; Santos, Vítor Hugo; Rei, Cristina; Amantegui, Patricia; Chaves, Telma; Valente, Rita; Duarte, Fábio; Pacheco, Susana; Martins, Marco; Dias, Kátia; Costa, Patricia; Costa, Rui; Castro, Sílvia; Sousa, Diana; Figueiredo, Diana; Soares, Isabel; Mouta, Salomé; Jesus, Bianca; Pires, Ana; Ribeiro, Cândida; Lobo, Sónia; Correia, Leonor; Malés, Sofia; Vale, Fátima; Moita, Carina; Moura, Carolina; Sousa, Joana; Afonso, Luís Rafael; Costa, Rita Santinho; Gallardo, Eugenia
    Drug monitoring of antidepressants in plasma and oral fluid represents a valuable tool in clinical practice, enabling the optimisation of treatment efficacy and the reduction of adverse effects. Given the significant interindividual variability in antidepressant response-driven by factors such as metabolism, drug-drug interactions, and adherence to therapy-drug monitoring facilitates dose adjustment based on measured drug concentrations, ensuring levels remain within the therapeutic window. This study aimed at developing and validating a robust, rapid, and sensitive method for the simultaneous quantification of 21 selected antidepressants and their metabolites in only 100 μL of plasma and oral fluid. Sample preparation was performed using a simple protein precipitation protocol, followed by analysis via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method was validated in accordance with internationally accepted bioanalytical guidelines, demonstrating linearity over the concentration range of 0.98-1000 ng/mL. Limits of quantification were established at 0.98 ng/mL for all analytes across both matrices. The extraction procedure yielded high recovery rates, and the method showed excellent selectivity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy, confirming its suitability for routine toxicological applications. The validated method was successfully applied to 142 paired authentic plasma and oral fluid specimens from patients undergoing antidepressant therapy. Antidepressant concentrations were determined in both matrices, and treatment adherence was considered high, being confirmed in 88.7 % of patients. Correlation analysis between plasma and oral fluid concentrations produced promising results for several of the compounds under investigation, reinforcing the potential utility of oral fluid as a non-invasive alternative matrix in drug monitoring.
    2025-12-15Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Desqualificação escolar
    Publication . Sousa, Joana; Melo, Sara
    Quando falamos de insucesso escolar, a sociedade em geral parece incutir a responsabilidade inteiramente no aluno, como se não existissem outros fatores associados, ou como se esses fatores não tivessem tanto peso como as capacidades cognitivas e empenho do jovem. Mas será que esta ideia pré-concebida corresponde à realidade? A questão do insucesso escolar não é um tema recente. Também não é uma problemática simples de desenvolver, visto que esta convoca vários fatores que explicam a sua génese. No entanto, neste estudo tentamos contornar esse desafio, abordando as diversas razões que podem estar por trás da desqualificação escolar. Será que o sistema escolar, intitulado de democrático, faz jus a esse título? Será que a escola “para todos” consegue mesmo chegar a todos? Será que a escola, criada no sentido de qualificar os indivíduos, tendo em conta o seu modo de funcionamento, pode desqualificá-los? E será que quando discutimos o insucesso, falamos do insucesso do aluno ou do sistema escolar? Para a elaboração deste trabalho de metodologia qualitativa, recorremos a um estudo de caso através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, recolhendo perceções sociais dos atores. Concluímos que existem bipolaridades no discurso dos diferentes profissionais, referente ao conceito e razões do insucesso escolar e que a formação académica é um fator importante na sensibilização e conscientização desta problemática. Sabemos que passos deveremos seguir para chegar ao sucesso escolar, que os jovens se mostram mais confiantes e felizes quando o fazemos e que não é o jovem, mas sim a escola que se encontra em insucesso.
    2022-07Dissertação de mestrado Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Estratégias do membro da família prestador de cuidados face às manifestações de confusão do seu familiar
    Publication . Sousa, Joana; Silva, Abel; Marques, Paulo
    Estudo realizado com o objetivo de identifcar as manifestações de Confusão Aguda (CA) que os doentes apresentam em casa, e as estratégias utilizadas pelo Membro da Família Prestador de Cuidados (MFPC) para lidar com essas manifestações. Face a essas intenções, utilizou-se uma estratégia metodológica em duas fases, uma primeira em ambiente hospitalar, recorrendo se a uma abordagem quantitativa e uma segunda em casa, suportada na metodologia do estudo de caso. Para a identifcação dos eementos da amostra, num primeiro momento foi apicada a Neecham Confusion Scale (NCS) aos doentes internados numa instituição hospitalar, tendo-se averiguado, um mês após a alta, o destino dos que apresentaram Confusão Aguda (CA). Constatou-se, então, que apenas 17,3% dos doentes, regressaram a casa. Destes, após avaliação com a NCS, seecionaramse aqueles que ainda mantinham confusão, para efetuar uma entrevista semiestruturada aos seus MFPC com o intuito de responder aos objetivos de estudo. Do discurso dos participantes emergiram três categorias relativas às manifestações de confusão: alterações psicomotoras; orientação e comportamento social inapropriado; e duas respeitantes às estratégias: estratégias não farmacológicas e estratégias farmacológicas. Além destas foi referenciada pelos MFPC, incapacidade de agir. São necessários outros estudos, em amostra maior, para uma melhor compreensão da problemática.
    2011Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • HTA reshaping: rethinking the health technology assessment framework in Portugal
    Publication . Pereira, João; Alves, Joana; Rodrigues, Bernardo; Caetano, Ricardo; Brito-Cruz, Pedro; Sousa, Joana; Barata, Branca
    Introduction: Health technology assessment (HTA) aims to provide decision makers with relevant data to make informed choices. Recent changes in the Portuguese HTA framework have altered substantially the assessment methodology with regard to economic evaluation, with potential impacts on access and process efficiency. The HTA Reshaping Project had as its main objective informing the debate on HTA in Portugal, thereby identifying improvement opportunities and solutions to the HTA framework that address future challenges. Methods: The project comprised several phases, i.e., (1) mapping and evaluation of different HTA frameworks across Europe, identifying best practices and key variables to consider in future frameworks; (2) conduction of in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders (n = 11); and (3) development of 2 workshops – one with young professionals (n = 12) and another with relevant HTA stakeholders (n = 19) – to consolidate and further explore vital elements of HTA, aimed at brainstorming ideas and developing solutions to improve some of the most critical points, with a view to addressing future challenges. Results: The comparison of HTA frameworks showed that their purpose and sophistication vary across European countries. For example, the need for economic evidence is not unanimous, and reimbursement agreements vary considerably. Among the stakeholders interviewed there was a high level of agreement on priorities that should be addressed, e.g., expanding and creating national level registries and assuring patient participation throughout the HTA process. The possibility of using managed entry agreements to enhance patients’ access, applying multi-indication pricing for medicines with different therapeutic values per indication, and improvement of registry/system interoperability gathered a moderate level of agreement. Conclusions: The Portuguese HTA framework might be further adapted to upcoming challenges and should evolve to improve access to innovative therapies. There is still a long path towards the convergence of HTA frameworks in EU member states.
    2021-06-21Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Modelling of a prosthetic hand featuring individual grip on each one of the five fingers
    Publication . Rosa, Joana; Sousa, Joana; Baptista, Ricardo
    The aim of this work is to develop a prosthetic hand with individual grip functionality on each finger, reproducing the natural movement of the hand. After the preparation of sketches and creating a virtual model, the final model shows dimensions: 124,04 mm × 246,57 mm × 38 mm (palm-covered) and an estimated weight of 1 kg, with all components. Afterwards was executed the functioning simulation of the prosthetic hand, elaborated prehension experiments were made using a metal cylinder, a rubber ball and a wooden pencil, with the tool Motion Study from Solidworks. However in the tests with the pencil was difficult to reach equilibrium, tells us that the hand is not functional with width smaller objects, because they require a bigger finger precision. Was made the study of forces applied in links thinner in different prehensions using the Finite Element Method. This study concluded that the aluminum alloy 2024 T3 has enough resistance to the stresses incurred for the grasping. Finally, was made an estimate cost of production for a single working prototype prosthetic hand. The result was 1325€.
    2013-02Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Nursing knowledge of people with paresis of voluntary muscles: a living scoping review protocol
    Publication . Neves, Hugo; Parente, Paulo; Gomes, João; Queirós, Carmen; Sousa, Joana; Parola, Vítor; Sousa, Paula Cristina; Brito, Alice; Silva, Maria Antónia; Morais, Ernesto; Cardoso, Alexandrina; Cruz, Inês; Machado, Natália; Oliveira, Manuel Fernando; Bastos, Fernanda; Pereira, Filipe Miguel Soares; Prata, Ana Paula; Silva, Abel; Sequeira, Carlos; Sousa, P.
    Objective: This review aims to continuously map the nursing knowledge about people with paresis of voluntary muscles in any context of care. Introduction: Muscle paresis is a condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Nurses have a crucial role in managing this condition, particularly paresis of voluntary movement muscles. However, nursing knowledge about patients with paresis of voluntary muscles is dispersed, hampering the integration of evidence within the structure of information systems. Mapping how the nursing process components are identified is the first step in creating a Nursing Clinical Information Model for this condition, capable of integrating evidence into information systems. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider studies focusing on the nursing process regarding people with paresis of voluntary muscles in all care contexts. The review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study designs, systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, dissertations, and theses. Methods: The review process will follow JBI's scoping review guidance, as well as the Cochrane Collaboration's guidance on living reviews. Screening of new literature will be performed regularly, with the review being updated according to new findings. The search strategy will map published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI Evidence Synthesis, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Searches for unpublished studies will include OpenGrey and Repositorios Cientificos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Studies published in English and Portuguese from 1975 will be considered for inclusion.
    2022Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Teoria do Cuidar: revisão narrativa da literatura
    Publication . Luís, Bruna; Henriques, Inês; Sousa, Joana; Alves, Mariana; Silva, Mariana; Loureiro, Fernanda
    2023-02-01Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais