Percorrer por autor "Figueiredo, João"
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- As alterações estruturais da sociedade portuguesa e sua implicação na segurança e defesa do EstadoPublication . Figueiredo, JoãoO atual estudo tem como objetivo analisar as mudanças na sociedade portuguesa desde o início da década de 1960 até à atualidade e avaliar em que medida estas alterações têm implicação na segurança e defesa do Estado. Durante o período considerado, tiveram lugar acontecimentos que marcaram e alteraram profundamente o país, o seu povo, a política e costumes; acontecimentos que romperam características históricas, numa rapidez vertiginosa, alterando perceções, ameaças e objetivos de segurança e defesa do Estado. O acesso imediato à informação acelerou as reações e transformou o mundo através do fenómeno da globalização que enfraqueceu o poder do Estado-nação e da sua soberania nacional. Todas estas alterações transformaram as relações dos cidadãos com o Estado e a diminuição de capacidades e repartição das responsabilidades que lhe competiam, levaram o cidadão português a ter a perceção de abandono pelo Estado, reduzindo a predisposição para participação na Segurança e Defesa. Abstract: The current study aims to understand what has changed in Portuguese society since the beginning of the decade of 1960 to the present times and analyse if these changes have implications on the security and defence of the State. During the considered period, some events happened that marked and profoundly altered the country, its people, politics, culture and traditions; events that have broken with historical features with a dizzying speed and altered the perceptions, threats and objectives of security and defence of the State. Immediate access to information has accelerated the reactions and transformed the world in which we live through globalization, phenomenon that also brought the weakening of the power of the nation-State and its national sovereignty. All these changes brought about change in the relationship between citizens and the State and reducing in their capability and the division of responsibilities that previously competed to the State led the Portuguese citizen to have the perception of abandonment, thus reducing their willing to participate in Security and Defence activities.
- Assessing sarcocornia as a salt substitute: effects on lipid profile and gelatinase activityPublication . Louçano, Beatriz; Maletti, Sara; Timóteo, Maria Helena; Figueiredo, João; Osório, Nádia; Barroca, Maria João; Silva, Aida Moreira; Pereira, Telmo; Caseiro, ArmandoSodium, although essential for life, is a key factor in changes in vascular function and cardiovascular disease when consumed in excess. Sarcocornia spp., a halophyte plant with many nutritional benefits, presents itself as a promising substitute for the consumption of purified salt. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 are widely studied due to their action in physiological processes and as biomarkers at the diagnostic level due to their increased expression in inflammatory processes. This study aimed to evaluate whether replacing salt with Sarcocornia perennis (S. perennis) powder in healthy young people leads to an improvement in biochemical profiles and the attenuation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. In the present study, 30 participants were randomized into a control group that consumed salt and an intervention group that replaced salt with powdered S. perennis. The evaluation of the biochemical parameters was carried out by the spectrophotometry method, and the evaluation of MMP activity was carried out by zymography. A significant decrease was observed in the intervention group in total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and creatinine (p-value ≤ 0.05), along with lower but not significantly different mean values of triglycerides. Regarding MMP activity after the intervention, a lower mean value was observed for MMP-9 activity, with there being higher mean values for MMP-2 activity, both with p-values ≥ 0.05.The results confirmed that the consumption of S. perennis is a beneficial choice for health regarding the lipid profile. The evaluation of MMP activity indicated the potential of S. perennis in the regulation of MMP-9 activity in healthy individuals, along with the need for the further study of these proteases in individuals with pathologies.
- Association between serum levels of C-reactive protein and lipid profilePublication . Lopes, Ana; Figueiredo, João; Santos, Rute; Loureiro, Helena; Castanheira, Joaquim; Osório, Nádia; Monteiro, Mário; Caseiro, Armando
- Avaliação laboratorial do efeito antioxidante e anti-inflamatório do Resveratrol na função vascularPublication . Silva, Ana Margarida; Ferreira, Carla; Dias, Beatriz; Silva, Isabel; Clemente, Mariana; Figueiredo, João; Pereira, Telmo; Caseiro, ArmandoIntrodução: O resveratrol é uma fitoalexina natural cujos principais benefícios devem-se às suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes. Os seus efeitos sugerem que este é um suplemento útil para a redução da inflamação, podendo desempenhar um papel fundamental na prevenção das doenças cardiovasculares. Este promove a vasodilatação pela indução da síntese de óxido nítrico (NO), possui atividade antitrombótica e evita a agregação plaquetária. O fator de crescimento endotelial vascular ( VEGF) é responsável pela angiogénese, sendo a sua expressão infuenciada pelo resveratrol. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito do resveratrol no perfl vascular pela determinação da pressão arterial e dos biomarcadores interleucina-6 (IL-6), proteína C reativa (PCR), VEGF e NO. Material e Métodos: 27 alunos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 22 anos foram divididos em grupo controlo (GC) e grupo de intervenção (GI), que consumiram placebo e 100 mg de resveratrol por dia, respetivamente, durante 1 mês. A pressão arterial foi medida com aparelho automático validado. Os níveis de PCR foram obtidos por imunoturbidimetria, os de IL-6 e VEGF por slot blot e a quantifcação de NO por espectrofotometria. Resultados: Entre os grupos observou-se uma diminuição da pressão arterial braquial e central (ρ˂0.05). A variação negativa no NO apresentou-se superior no GC apesar das diferenças não serem signifcativas (p>0,05). Nos restantes marcadores avaliados não se observaram diferenças signifcativas. Conclusões: A ingestão regular de resveratrol parece ser uma abordagem preventiva a nível vascular, dado que modula positivamente o perfl vascular, reduzindo a pressão arterial. A variação nos níveis de NO poderá ajudar a explicar os benefícios verifcados.
- Bioanalytical approach-ageing, exercise and oxidative stressPublication . Valado, Ana; Lopes, Diana; Osório, Nádia; Caseiro, Armando; Figueiredo, João; Patrício, Cristina; Pacheco, Maria Paula; Oostingh, Gertie Janneke; Gabriel, António José dos SantosAbstract: Exercise interferes with the ageing, causing changes in markers of the antioxidant system, such as nitric oxide (NO) and uric acid. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate if regular exercise affects the ageing process by causing changes in the antioxidant markers, nitric oxide and uric acid, in individuals aged ≥ 65 years, subjected to an exercise plan. Methods: The study involved 12 participants distributed in an experimental and control group. The experimental group performed exercises guided by a physiotherapist during 12 weeks. Three blood samples were collected from participants: T0, at the start of the study; T1, after 12 weeks of exercise and T2, 12 weeks after finishing the exercise. NO and uric acid were quantified with commercial kits. The statistics were performed using SPSS and the ANOVA and Student t-tests were applied. Result: In the experimental group, the mean values of NO showed an increase between T0 and T1, with a slight decrease between T1 and T2. Similar effects were observed for the uric acid concentration in the experimental group, with statistical significance from T0 to T1. Conclusion: After exercise, there was an increase in blood uric acid and NO levels, highlighting the importance of moderate and controlled exercise practice. Therefore, exercise seems relevant and beneficial in activating antioxidant mechanisms.
- Desnutrição em doentes idosos diabéticos: um problema atualPublication . Carvalho, M.C.; Loureiro, Helena; Figueiredo, João; Figueiredo, H.A prevalência de desnutrição em doentes hospitalizados (DDH) encontra-se descrita na literatura apresentando valores entre os 20 % e 50 % dependendo dos instrumentos de avaliação utilizados. A DDH está associada a um aumento das complicações, duração do tempo internamento e custos associados, comparativamente, com a ausência de desnutrição quer na admissão, quer no fim do internamento. Também a Diabetes tipo 2 (DMT2) é uma doença crónica com elevada expressão no doente idoso (DI) podendo contribuir para o aumento do risco da DDH não só pelo impacto negativo da diabetes no metabolismo dos Hidratos de Carbono mas também pela adoção de dietas rigorosas e pouco apelativas como medida terapêutica.
- Education and training in radiation protection in Europe: an analysis from the EURAMED rocc-n-roll projectPublication . Rainford, Louise; Santos, Joana; Alves, Francisco; Figueiredo, João; Hoeschen, Christoph; Damilakis, John; Frija, Guy; Andersson, Jonas; McNulty, Jonathan; Foley, Shane; Bacher, Klaus; Nestle, Ursula; Hierath, Monika; Paulo, GracianoBackground: A Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis was performed to understand the status quo of education and training in radiation protection (RP) and to develop a coordinated European approach to RP training needs based on stakeholder consensus and existing activities in the field. Fourteen team members represented six European professional societies, one European voluntary organisation, two international healthcare organisations and five professions, namely: Medical Physicists; Nuclear Medicine Physicians; Radiologists; Radiation Oncologists and Radiographers. Four subgroups analysed the “Strengths”, “Weaknesses”, “Opportunities” and “Threats” related to E&T in RP developed under previous European Union (EU) programmes and on the Guidelines on Radiation Protection Education and Training of Medical Professionals in the EU. Results: Consensus agreement identified four themes for strengths and opportunities, namely: (1) existing structures and training recommendations; (2) RP training needs assessment and education & training (E&T) model(s) development; (3) E&T dissemination, harmonisation, and accreditation; (4) financial supports. Weaknesses and Threats analysis identified two themes: (1) awareness and prioritisation at a national/global level and (2) awareness and prioritisation by healthcare professional groups and researchers. Conclusions: A lack of effective implementation of RP principles in daily practice was identified. EuRnR strategic planning needs to consider processes at European, national and local levels. Success is dependent upon efficient governance structures and expert leadership. Financial support is required to allow the stakeholder professional agencies to have sufficient resources to achieve a pan European radiation protection training network which is sustainable and accredited across multiple national domains.
- Effect of carrageenans on vegetable jelly in humans with hypercholesterolemiaPublication . Valado, Ana; Pereira, Maria; Caseiro, Armando; Figueiredo, João; Loureiro, Helena; Almeida, Carla; Cotas, João; Pereira, LeonelChanges in lipid profile constitute the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Algae extracted carrageenans are long-chain polysaccharides and their ability to form gels provides for the formation of vegetable jelly. The objective was to evaluate the bioactive potential of carrageenan (E407) in the lipid profile, after ingestion of jelly. A total of 30 volunteers of both sexes, aged 20-64 years and with total cholesterol (TC) values ≥200 mg/dL, who ingested 100 mL/day of jelly for 60 days, were studied. All had two venous blood collections: before starting the jelly intake and after 60 days. At both times, TC, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG), were evaluated using commercial kits and spectrophotometer. The statistics were performed using the SPSS 25.0 software and p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Serum values after 60 days of jelly intake revealed a statistically significant decrease in TC levels (5.3%; p = 0.001) and LDL-C concentration (5.4%; p = 0.048) in females. The daily intake of vegetable jelly for 60 days showed a reduction in serum TC and LDL-C levels in women, allowing us to conclude that carrageenan has bioactive potential in reducing TC concentration.
- Evaluation of sound pressure levels of infrassons and low frequency noise in Coentral GrandePublication . Almeida, João; Santos, Samuel; Figueiredo, João; Ferreira, Ana
- O impacto do stress e do burnout na qualidade do sono em profissionais de saúde e docentesPublication . Figueiredo, João; Amaral, Ana Paula; Batista, Inês; Pereira, SaraIntroduction: Stress, sleep quality and burnout represent a psychosocial problematic with serious consequences at the individual, organizational and public health levels. Health and education professionals are considered high-risk groups, due to the multiple psychological and emotional demands in the work context. Purpose:This project intends to study the population (health technicians of the Hospital and University Center of Coimbra and the teaching staff in Coimbra Health School) regarding both stress and burnout levels and later understand their impact on the quality of sleep of the same. Methodology: The study design used was an observational and cross-sectional study. The simple random sample consisted of 63 professionals (49 health technicians and 14 teachers), 16 male and 47 female, in the age range of 22 to 65 years, with an average age of 45.27 years and standard deviation of 10,238 years. The research instruments used were: socio-demographic questionnaire, "Stress Perceived Scale (PSS)", "Maslach Burnout Inventory- General Survey (MBI- GS)" and "Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index". Results: Most individuals presented high levels of burnout and poor sleep quality. Regarding the Emotional Exhaustion index, the majority of professionals (58.5%) who showed poor sleep quality, showed greater exhaustion in the daily life compared to the group with good sleep quality (33.3%). At the level of Professional Depersonalization, both groups indicated a high level of depersonalization, regardless of sleep quality. Conclusions: We can conclude that along with high levels of work stress professionals tend physiologically to alter their well-being which in this case has translated into quality sleep.