Percorrer por autor "Alves, Ricardo Castro"
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- Association between IL-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms with peri-implantitis in a Portuguese population : a pilot studyPublication . Cardoso, José Maria; Ribeiro, Ana Clara; Palos, Constança; Proença, Luís; Noronha, Susana; Alves, Ricardo CastroBackground: Scientific evidence indicates that biological complications in dental implants tend to be concentrated in a subset of individuals, which seems to imply that the host response may play a determining role in implant success. Over the last few decades, several polymorphisms have been studied. Polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL) 1 gene cluster have been associated with periodontitis. There are some similar features in the sequence of immunopathological events in peri-implant and periodontal infections. We aimed to investigate if individuals carrying the genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL-1A (rs1800587) and IL-1B (rs1143634) genes are more susceptible to develop peri-implantitis. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic pilot study was conducted in 20 Caucasian Portuguese subjects divided into two groups: 10 subjects with peri-implantitis and 10 subjects with peri-implant health (control group). Samples containing cells from the buccal mucosa were stored at −20 °C and later submitted to the DNA extraction process. Genetic analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical methodologies. Results: For the IL-1A (−889) gene polymorphism, it was observed that the mutated allele was present in a higher percentage in the peri-implantitis group compared to the control group (30% vs 15% respectively, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.45). For the IL-1B (+3954) gene polymorphism, it was also observed that the altered allele was present in a higher percentage in the disease group compared to the control group (35% vs 10% respectively, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.13). The positive genotype (at least one allele with nucleotide sequence changed in both genes) was detected in six patients, five belonging to the disease group and one to the health group. Conclusions: Regarding IL-1 gene polymorphisms, there was no statistically significant difference between the health and disease group, however a trend should be highlighted, showing a potential link between the IL-1 genotype and peri-implantitis. More studies are needed to clarify the role of genetic polymorphisms in the development of peri-implantitis.
- Association between IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-1RN polymorphisms and peri-implantitis : a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Cardoso, José Maria; Duarte, Sofia; Ribeiro, Ana Clara; Mascarenhas, Paulo; Noronha, Susana; Alves, Ricardo CastroRecent studies report that individuals with polymorphisms in the genes that encode for interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β (IL-1A and IL1B, respectively) and for IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) may be more susceptible in developing peri-implantitis. Therefore, the current systematic review evaluates what is reported about the role of genetics, more specifically of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on IL-1 and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) on IL-1RN, in the development of peri-implantitis. This systematic review was carried out by screening PubMed, B-on, Cochrane and Scopus databases, for articles English, Spanish, and Portuguese, with no limit regarding the publication year. Eight articles were selected for systematic review and four for meta-analytic syntheses. Our results show that although there is a lack of consensus in the literature, there seems to be an association between IL-1A, IL-1B, and IL-1RN polymorphisms with peri-implantitis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that patients who have the polymorphic allele at position +3954 of the IL-1B gene have on average almost twice the risk of developing peri-implantitis (odds ratio = 1.986, 95% confidence interval).
- COVID-19 management in clinical dental care part II : personal protective equipment for the dental care professionalPublication . Melo, Paulo; Afonso, Américo; Monteiro, Luís; Lopes, Otilia; Alves, Ricardo CastroBackground: Facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) challenge on a global level, dental care professionals are encouraged to optimize universal precautions and adopt measures that ensure protection against infection by contaminated aerosols and droplets. Although aerosol transmission is possible, direct contact through large droplets is probably responsible for the vast majority of transmissions. Methods: This paper is the second of a series of 3 on the management of COVID-19 in clinical dental care settings and aims to describe the selection and use of personal protection equipment (PPE) by dental care professionals (DCP), with consideration of the level of risk associated with the planned procedures. PPE selection depends directly on the local epidemiological setting, the patient's characteristics, and the level of risk of the planned procedures. The procedures performed in the office environment are classified as low-, moderate-, or high-risk. Moderate risk includes 2 further sublevels associated with the cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization of materials for clinical procedures that do not generate aerosols. The training of DCP on how to properly don (put on) and doff (remove) PPE is as important as choosing the appropriate PPE because it can be associated with a risk of infection. Discussion: When there is limited availability of PPE, measures should be adjusted to the risk associated with the intervention. Assuming that an effective COVID-19 vaccine will be developed, once it becomes widely available for DCP, PPE requirements will likely be different. Conclusion: The proper use of PPE, together with the adoption of other operational procedures, can provide effective protection against microorganisms being transmitted via body fluids or in the air.
- The influence of genetic polymorphisms on the expression of interleukin-1beta, prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in peri-implant crevicular fluid : a cross-sectional studyPublication . Cardoso, José Maria; Ribeiro, Ana Clara; Botelho, João; Proença, Luís; Noronha, Susana; Alves, Ricardo CastroThe aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationships between polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) A, IL-1B, and IL-1RN genes and concentrations of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF). A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 51 patients with dental implants. Samples from the buccal mucosa were obtained, and genetic analysis was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for IL-1A and IL-1B and PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for IL-1RN. For the biochemical analysis, the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α were analyzed using multiplexed fluorescent sphere immunoassays, and PGE2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In patients with detected IL-1RN polymorphism, there was an increase in the concentration of the three mediators with statistically significant differences in the mean values of TNF-α and PGE2, regardless of peri-implant health status (p = 0.002 and p = 0.049, respectively). The concentrations of all three mediators were positively and significantly correlated (IL-1β vs. TNF-α Rho = 0.480, p < 0.001; IL-1β vs. PGE2 Rho = 0.382, p = 0.006; and TNF-α vs. PGE2 Rho = 0.528, p < 0.001). We can conclude that the IL-1RN polymorphism exerts an influence on the PICF immune response, which may explain the influence of this genetic polymorphism on the occurrence of peri-implantitis.
- Is menopause associated with an increased risk of tooth loss in patients with chronic periodontitis?Publication . Alves, Ricardo Castro; Félix, Sérgio Antunes; Rodriguez Archilla, Alberto"Objetivos: Analisar o possível efeito da menopausa sobre a perda dentária em mulheres com periodontite crónica. Materiais e Métodos: 102 mulheres entre os 35 e 80 anos com periodontite crónica e pelo menos seis dentes foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo de estudo (GE) constituído por 68 mulheres na menopausa e grupo controle (GC) constituído por 34 mulheres pré-menopáusicas. Foi aplicado um questionário onde se recolheram diversos dados sociodemográficos, história clínica geral e oral, antecedentes ginecológicos e hábitos. Adicionalmente, foram avaliados diversos parâmetros orais e periodontais incluindo: número de dentes, índice de placa, presença de tártaro, profundidade de sondagem, hemorragia à sondagem, recessão gengival e perda de inserção. Na análise estatística foram utilizados os testes de Chi-Quadrado, Fisher, teste-t para amostras independentes, teste não-paramétrico de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney y ANCOVA. Resultados: 98% das mulheres estudadas apresentam pelo menos um dente ausente. Ao comparar o grupo de mulheres pré e pós-menopáusicas, o número de dentes é significativamente menor nas mulheres na menopausa (GE 10,83±5,90;GC 6,79±4,66), no entanto, depois de ajustado o efeito da idade esta diferença deixa de ser estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05). Conclusões: Na população estudada a menopausa não parece influenciar significativamente a perda dentária."
- Microbiological impact of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in non-surgical periodontal treatmentPublication . Sousa, Filipa Passos; Assunção, Mariana Anselmo; Bessa, Lucinda J.; Alves, Ricardo CastroPeriodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases and it is linked to the presence of a dysbiotic subgingival microbiome. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on the subgingival microbiome. Herein, based on an extensive evaluation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the effects of aPDT as a supplement to non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) were found to be the main focus of these works. Studies that focused on analyzing microbiological results were selected, yielding contradictory results. The observed microbiological changes were variable, even though some studies showed notable improvements in clinical indicators such as bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD). Several studies found that aPDT did not significantly reduce important periodontal pathogens such Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Nevertheless, after multiple aPDT sessions, other studies reported positive changes in the subgingival microbiome, with a rise in beneficial bacteria and a decrease in periodontopathogens. While aPDT seems to be a safe and well-tolerated adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy, there is still conflicting evidence regarding how well it modulates the subgingival microbiota. Additional long-term research with larger sample sizes is required to evaluate the microbiological and clinical advantages of aPDT.
- Modified lip repositioning surgery in the treatment of gummy smilePublication . Arruda, Cesar Augusto Signori; Sousa, Filipa Passos; Alves, Ricardo CastroThe smile is a characteristic that expresses emotions and affects interpersonal relationships, significantly impacting self-esteem and influencing personal and professional life. The growing emphasis on aesthetics has made patients increasingly well-informed and demanding regarding available procedures. Excessive gingival display (EGD) can result from various factors, such as altered passive eruption, vertical maxillary excess, and short or hyperactive upper lip, among others. In this case report, where EGD was caused by upper lip hypermobility, the proposed treatment involved the modified lip repositioning surgical technique (MLRS) using sutures in the modified horizontal mattress technique, aiming to limit muscle and tissue movement and to approximate the mucosal edges. The outcome was an improved aesthetic harmony of the smile, with a more suitable position of the upper lip during spontaneous smiling, as observed in a six-month follow-up.
- Recessões gengivais em tratamento ortodôntico: como e quando intervir? – Casos clínicosPublication . Izidoro, Catarina; Vilhena, Mafalda dos Santos; Sardinha, Sara Maria; Lobato, Joana; Alves, Ricardo Castro
- Revisiting standard and novel therapeutic approaches in halitosis : a reviewPublication . Izidoro, Catarina; Botelho, João; Machado, Vanessa; Reis, Ana Mafalda; Proença, Luís; Alves, Ricardo Castro; Mendes, José JoãoHalitosis, or bad breath, is an oral health problem characterized by an unpleasant malodor emanating from the oral cavity. This condition can have different origins and causes a negative burden in social interactions, communication and quality of life, and can in uncommon cases be indicative of underlying non-oral non-communicable diseases. Most cases of halitosis are due to inadequate oral hygiene, periodontitis and tongue coating, yet the remaining proportion of cases are due to ear–nose–throat-associated (10%) or gastrointestinal/endocrine (5%) disorders. For this reason, the diagnosis, treatment and clinical management of halitosis often require a multidisciplinary team approach. This comprehensive review revisits the etiology of halitosis as well as standard and novel treatment that may contribute to higher clinical success.
- Self-management ability questionnaire validation in portuguese adults with periodontitisPublication . Gobin, Eloïse; Izidoro, Catarina; Lyra, Patrícia; Morgado, Mariana; Alves, Ricardo Castro; Mendes, José João; Botelho, João; Machado, VanessaObjectives: We aimed to test the psychometric validity of the adapted and translated Self-Management Ability Questionnaire-Short Form (SMAQ-12) to Portuguese. Methods: The translation and adaptation of the SMAQ-12 followed international guidelines. We included 280 participants with chronic periodontitis from the Department of Periodontology of the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic. Participants completed the Portuguese version of the SMAQ-12 (SMAQ-12-PT), a 12-item scale with 3 conceptual domains (Role Management, Medical Management, and Emotional Management). The validity of the content, its construct and internal consistency, as well as test–retest reliability were used to estimate psychometric properties. Results: The SMAQ-12-PT showed an interclass correlation coefficient value of 0.90, with a 95% confidence interval (0.79–0.95; P < .001) and high reliability (Cronbach alpha coefficient ranging between 0.78 and 0.94). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed adequate model fit, with comparative fit index of 0.853, goodness-of-fit of 0.947, and a 0.052 value of root mean squared error of approximation. Conclusions: The SMAQ-12-PT was found to be a valid and reliable instrument in the Portuguese population. Disease management representation for the specialty of periodontology and its impact on periodontal schedules and practices should be evaluated in future studies.