EM - IUEM - Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
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- Adaptation and psychometric properties evaluation of the intimate partner violence severity scale (WHO VAW-M) in spanish for the believe battery targeting cisgender spanish women victims of partner or ex-partner violencePublication . Chauffour, Loreleï; Querido, Luís; Daugherty, JuliaIntimate partner violence (IPV) remains a major public health problem in Spain, despite a progressive legislative framework. National data confirm a high prevalence and serious consequences for women's mental health. However, there is a lack of recent psychometric tools specifically adapted and validated for the Spanish population that can measure the severity of the violence suffered in detail. The main objective of this study was to adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Intimate Partner Violence Severity Scale (WHO VAW-M) for the Spanish female population, with a view to its integration into the BELIEVE transnational assessment battery. Specific objectives included assessing its reliability (internal consistency) and validity (convergent and predictive) by exploring its links with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and even complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). A sample of 157 Spanish female volunteers was asked to complete the WHO VAW-M scale, adapted into Spanish, as well as validated measures of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and PTSD/C-PTSD (PCL-5, ITQ). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Convergent validity was tested using Spearman's correlations, and predictive validity was tested using linear regression analyses. The main scale of the WHO VAW-M demonstrated excellent reliability (a > .95), and the pregnancy subscale also showed acceptable to good reliability (a > .71). Strong convergent validity was established, with positive and significant correlations between violence severity and anxiety (ρ = .39), depression (ρ = .39), complex PTSD (ITQ, ρ ranging from .31 to .33), and, most notably, PTSD (PLC-5, ρ = .47, p < .001). Furthermore, the severity of violence proved to be a significant predictor of PTSD symptoms (potentially explaining 24% of their variance) and complex PTSD (explaining 11.2% of the variance). The Spanish adaptation of the WHO VAW-M scale is a psychometric instrument that has proven to be robust, reliable, and valid for assessing the severity of intimate partner violence in light of the current study and the analyses applied. Its integration into the BELIEVE battery is relevant, thus providing an interesting tool for clinical practice and future research on gender-based violence in Spain.