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Securitização e gestão do risco: uma abordagem conceptual
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Numa base ontológica construtivista, este artigo articula, ao nível conceptual, a teoria
de securitização com a vertente técnica da gestão de riscos securitários, advogando que os
processos de securitização de ameaças devem ser conduzidos de forma instrumental, com
base na intensidade e natureza dos riscos.
Contudo, a interdependência securitária dos Estados europeus constrange o próprio
processo de securitização ao nível nacional, sendo impossível dissociá-lo do contexto e do
nível de análise do complexo de segurança europeu. A gestão dos riscos, ao permitir a
diferenciação da sua intensidade e discriminação da sua natureza, possibilita a distinção
entre aqueles que são intensivos e cujas ameaças eventualmente deverão ser securitizadas
e aqueles que são riscos extensivos e cujas medidas de mitigação passarão por abordagens
políticas de essência menos extrema. A securitização de ameaças nacionais deve, assim,
ser implementada com base nestas premissas, mas olhando igualmente para a Europa, de
forma a evitar a descontextualização da realidade de Portugal com a do restante complexo
de segurança regional no qual se encontra inserido e cujos laços de interdependência
securitário obrigam a ter em consideração.
Based on constructivist ontology, this article articulates, at the conceptual level, the theory of securitization with the technical aspect of security risk management, advocating that the process of securitization of threats should be conducted, in an instrumental way and based on the intensity and nature of risks. However, the security interdependence of European states constrains the securitization process at the national level, being impossible to separate it from the context and level of analysis of the European security complex. Risk management, by discriminating their intensity and nature, allows the distinction between intensive risks, whose threats must eventually be securitized and extensive risks, whose mitigation measures will undergo political approaches less extreme. The securitization of national threats must therefore be implemented based on these assumptions, but also looking to the rest of Europe, in order to avoid the decontextualization of the Portuguese reality, with that of the rest of the regional security complex in which it is inserted and whose security interdependence ties is forced to take into consideration
Based on constructivist ontology, this article articulates, at the conceptual level, the theory of securitization with the technical aspect of security risk management, advocating that the process of securitization of threats should be conducted, in an instrumental way and based on the intensity and nature of risks. However, the security interdependence of European states constrains the securitization process at the national level, being impossible to separate it from the context and level of analysis of the European security complex. Risk management, by discriminating their intensity and nature, allows the distinction between intensive risks, whose threats must eventually be securitized and extensive risks, whose mitigation measures will undergo political approaches less extreme. The securitization of national threats must therefore be implemented based on these assumptions, but also looking to the rest of Europe, in order to avoid the decontextualization of the Portuguese reality, with that of the rest of the regional security complex in which it is inserted and whose security interdependence ties is forced to take into consideration
Description
Keywords
Segurança nacional Securitização Escola de Copenhaga Gestão do risco National security Securitization Copenhagen School Risk management