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Beyond the core: The role of supplementary short tandem repeats in forensic genetics
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Conventional forensic DNA profiling predominantly utilizes established core sets of au-tosomal short tandem repeats (STRs), such as the FBI’s Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the European Standard Set (ESS). While these panels are effective for stand-ard forensic casework, they may be inadequate in more demanding scenarios, including severely degraded samples, complex multi-contributor mixtures, and kinship cases with deficiencies, where enhanced discriminatory capability is crucial. Additional non-core STR loci address these challenges while maintaining the non-coding, phenotypically un-informative nature that ensures the legal and ethical acceptability of forensic genetic evi-dence in court. This review assesses the forensic applications, population genetic param-eters, validation requirements, and ethical considerations associated with non-core STR loci. A representative supplementary STR panel is presented as a case study to illustrate both the forensic value and the analytical requirements associated with the implementa-tion of extended non-core STR systems. Challenges in implementation were identified in areas such as nomenclature standardization, backward compatibility with existing na-tional databases, and geographic gaps in population reference data. The review concludes that a hybrid strategy, which retains core capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based profiling for routine casework and employs extended non-core panels for complex cases, represents the most practical path for the field.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Short Tandem Repeats Forensic Genetics Non-Core Markers Investigator® HDplex Human Identification Population Genetics Validation Massively Parallel Sequencing
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ramos, V., Ferreira-Silva, B., Fadoni, J., Amorim, A., & Cainé, L. (2026). Beyond the core: The role of supplementary short tandem repeats in forensic genetics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(13), 5756. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27135756
Editora
MDPI