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Publication
Justice Tourism e Desenvolvimento e as suas Implicações no Caso da Guiné-Bissau
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Num mundo contemporâneo cada vez mais globalizado, não é de estranhar o papel
que o turismo tem demonstrado num meio onde as experiências deixam de pertencer
menos ao domínio do local, começando a envolver vários contactos e experiências
universais, resultando num interculturalismo que compõe a partilha entre turista e
comunidade, essencial ao estabelecimento de uma tipologia turística como o justice
tourism. Daqui surgem vários fatores que podem, quando manobrados de certa forma, ser
manipulados para o empreendimento do bem-estar e conservação das comunidades.
O objetivo geral desta dissertação, passa, assim, por explicar um fenómeno
turístico recente a que chamamos de justice tourism, um modelo de turismo alternativo
que em muito difere de outras tipologias turísticas com que por vezes é comparado,
nomeadamente o pro poor tourism e o peace through tourism, como à frente se verá.
Depois de aprofundarmos os conceitos de ética, justiça, multiculturalismo,
sustentabilidade, paz e direitos humanos, essenciais para enquadrar e problematizar o
justice tourism, a nossa atenção debruçar-se-á na compreensão do núcleo desta tipologia
turística. A sua essência, passa, assim, por ser uma forma justa de viajar entre membros
de diferentes comunidades, visando atingir o entendimento mútuo, solidariedade e
igualdade entre participantes. O justice tourism é um dos mais eficazes meios de
promover o entendimento e respeito mútuos, bem como a educação, trocas económicas e
proteção ambiental, tendo um papel central na conservação da vida comunitária.
Com o aprofundamento de tais conceitos levaremos a nossa direção para o caso
empírico da Guiné-Bissau. Com uma história marcadamente conturbada, marcada por
sucessivos golpes de Estado, crises políticas, corrupção e pelo seu relevante papel no
narcotráfico, o país parece não encontrar maneira de aproveitar os seus vastos recursos
naturais e a conservação dos seus grupos étnicos para a promoção de um turismo
sustentável que levaria a um maior desenvolvimento político, cultural e económico.
Assim, compreendendo informação relativa às características que compõem a Guiné Bissau, perceberemos se será possível implementar no país este modelo de turismo que
se denomina de justice tourism.
In an increasingly globalized contemporary world, it is not surprising to notice the role that tourism has shown in a milieu where experiences not only belong to the realm of the local, thus beginning to get involved in various universal contacts and experiences. This results in an interculturalism that makes the sharing between tourist and community essential to the establishment of a tourist typology such as justice tourism. From here arise several factors that can, when maneuvered in a certain way, be manipulated for the undertaking of the communities' well-being and conservation. The primary goal of this dissertation is, therefore, to explain the recent tourist phenomenon that we call justice tourism, an alternative tourism model that is very different from other tourist typologies with which it is sometimes compared, namely poor pro tourism and peace through tourism, as we will see below. After dwelling into the concepts of ethics, justice, multiculturalism, sustainability, peace and human rights, essential to frame and problematize justice tourism, our attention will focus on understanding the core of this tourist typology. Its essence is, therefore, to be a fair way of traveling among members of different communities, aiming to achieve mutual understanding, solidarity and equality among participants. Justice tourism is one of the most effective means of promoting mutual understanding and respect, as well as education, economic exchange, and where environmental protection plays a central role in the conservation of life within the community. With the deepening of such concepts, we will redirect our attention to the empirical case of Guinea-Bissau. With a troubled history, marked by successive coups d'état, political crises, corruption and its relevant role in drug trafficking, the country does not seem to find a way to take advantage of its vast natural resources and the conservation of its ethnic groups for the promotion of a sustainable tourism that would lead to greater political, cultural and economic development. Thus, by collecting data regarding the characteristics that make up Guinea-Bissau, we will try to determine the possibilities of implementing justice tourism in the country.
In an increasingly globalized contemporary world, it is not surprising to notice the role that tourism has shown in a milieu where experiences not only belong to the realm of the local, thus beginning to get involved in various universal contacts and experiences. This results in an interculturalism that makes the sharing between tourist and community essential to the establishment of a tourist typology such as justice tourism. From here arise several factors that can, when maneuvered in a certain way, be manipulated for the undertaking of the communities' well-being and conservation. The primary goal of this dissertation is, therefore, to explain the recent tourist phenomenon that we call justice tourism, an alternative tourism model that is very different from other tourist typologies with which it is sometimes compared, namely poor pro tourism and peace through tourism, as we will see below. After dwelling into the concepts of ethics, justice, multiculturalism, sustainability, peace and human rights, essential to frame and problematize justice tourism, our attention will focus on understanding the core of this tourist typology. Its essence is, therefore, to be a fair way of traveling among members of different communities, aiming to achieve mutual understanding, solidarity and equality among participants. Justice tourism is one of the most effective means of promoting mutual understanding and respect, as well as education, economic exchange, and where environmental protection plays a central role in the conservation of life within the community. With the deepening of such concepts, we will redirect our attention to the empirical case of Guinea-Bissau. With a troubled history, marked by successive coups d'état, political crises, corruption and its relevant role in drug trafficking, the country does not seem to find a way to take advantage of its vast natural resources and the conservation of its ethnic groups for the promotion of a sustainable tourism that would lead to greater political, cultural and economic development. Thus, by collecting data regarding the characteristics that make up Guinea-Bissau, we will try to determine the possibilities of implementing justice tourism in the country.
Description
Parceria com a Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território
Keywords
ética justiça paz direitos humanos sustentabilidade justice tourism Guiné-Bissau ethics justice peace human rights sustainability Guinea-Bissau