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Estilos Parentais. Adaptação do IEP ao Contexto Nacional - Perceção de Crianças e Jovens face à Versão Materna
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Resumo(s)
A família constitui um contexto fundamental para o desenvolvimento das crianças e
adolescentes, influenciando diferentes dimensões do seu ajustamento emocional,
comportamental e social. A avaliação de práticas educativas parentais assume particular
relevância no âmbito da intervenção social, exigindo instrumentos válidos e culturalmente
adequados.
O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo adaptar o Inventário de Estilos Parentais,
de ora em diante designado por IEP, versão materna, ao contexto português, bem como analisar
os estilos parentais das mães na perspetiva de crianças e jovens do 2.º e 3.º Ciclo do Ensino
Básico e do Ensino Secundário de Portugal Continental. Para além de analisar a associação
entre os estilos parentais percecionados e variáveis sociodemográficas.
Optou-se pelo método quantitativo, com recurso ao inquérito por questionário com uma
não probabilística de 501 crianças e jovens, procedendo-se à análise das propriedades
psicométricas do instrumento, incluindo validade de constructo (análise fatorial exploratória e
confirmatória), fidelidade e sensibilidade, bem como à realização de análises estatísticas
descritivas e inferenciais.
A versão portuguesa do IEP revelou propriedades psicométricas globalmente adequadas.
Observou-se a coexistência de práticas educativas positivas e negativas e verificaram-se
associações significativas entre a perceção de práticas parentais mais positivas e maior sucesso
académico, bem como as diferenças em função da idade, do nível de ensino, da tipologia
familiar e da tipologia territorial.
Os resultados reforçam a relevância da adaptação cultural de instrumentos de avaliação
parental e evidenciam a importância das práticas maternas enquanto fator protetor no
desenvolvimento e percurso escolar. O IEP apresenta-se como ferramenta útil para investigação
e fundamentação de estratégias no âmbito da intervenção social.
Parenting styles constitute a central dimension of children’s and adolescents’ developmental processes, with well-established implications for emotional, behavioural, and social outcomes. In the field of Social Work, the systematic assessment of parenting practices is essential for accurate social diagnosis and for the design of effective intervention strategies. This study addresses the need to adapt the Parenting Styles Inventory (Inventário de Estilos Parentais [IEP]) to the Portuguese sociocultural context to ensure its conceptual and operational adequacy. The primary aims of this study were to adapt the IEP to the national context and to analyse parenting styles as perceived by children and adolescents in a specific region, as well as to assess the psychometric adequacy of the adapted instrument. A quantitative research design was adopted, using a questionnaire survey as the main data collection technique. A no probabilistic sample of children and adolescents completed the adapted IEP based on their lived experiences and perceptions of parental practices. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical procedures to identify predominant parenting styles and to evaluate the internal consistency of the instrument. The results indicated a predominance of authoritative and mixed parenting styles, with lower frequencies of authoritarian and neglectful practices. The adapted IEP showed satisfactory internal consistency and evidence of cultural appropriateness. Statistically significant differences were observed across age and gender groups, suggesting differentiated parental behaviours as perceived by participants. The findings highlight the relevance of culturally adapting assessment tools for use in Social Work practice. The adapted IEP proved to be a valid and useful instrument for evaluating parenting dynamics in the Portuguese context, contributing to more accurate social assessment and to the development of targeted preventive and intervention strategies aimed at strengthening parental competencies.
Parenting styles constitute a central dimension of children’s and adolescents’ developmental processes, with well-established implications for emotional, behavioural, and social outcomes. In the field of Social Work, the systematic assessment of parenting practices is essential for accurate social diagnosis and for the design of effective intervention strategies. This study addresses the need to adapt the Parenting Styles Inventory (Inventário de Estilos Parentais [IEP]) to the Portuguese sociocultural context to ensure its conceptual and operational adequacy. The primary aims of this study were to adapt the IEP to the national context and to analyse parenting styles as perceived by children and adolescents in a specific region, as well as to assess the psychometric adequacy of the adapted instrument. A quantitative research design was adopted, using a questionnaire survey as the main data collection technique. A no probabilistic sample of children and adolescents completed the adapted IEP based on their lived experiences and perceptions of parental practices. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical procedures to identify predominant parenting styles and to evaluate the internal consistency of the instrument. The results indicated a predominance of authoritative and mixed parenting styles, with lower frequencies of authoritarian and neglectful practices. The adapted IEP showed satisfactory internal consistency and evidence of cultural appropriateness. Statistically significant differences were observed across age and gender groups, suggesting differentiated parental behaviours as perceived by participants. The findings highlight the relevance of culturally adapting assessment tools for use in Social Work practice. The adapted IEP proved to be a valid and useful instrument for evaluating parenting dynamics in the Portuguese context, contributing to more accurate social assessment and to the development of targeted preventive and intervention strategies aimed at strengthening parental competencies.