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- Statement of Peer ReviewPublication . Sequeira, Carlos; Ribeiro, Olga; Sampaio, Francisco; Abreu, WilsonIn submitting conference proceedings to Medical Sciences Forum, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review as administered by the volume editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to meet the professional and scientific standard that is expected of a proceedings journal.
- Nursing Delirium Screening Scale: Avaliação das propriedades psicométricas num serviço de ortopedia em PortugalPublication . Rodrigues, Cátia Rosas; Campos, Fátima; Botelho, Lina; Azevedo, Vítor; Canha, João; Sampaio, FranciscoEnquadramento: A identificação do delirium pelos enfermeiros é de extrema relevância. Assim, parece relevante a possibilidade de recurso à versão portuguesa da Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC).Objetivo: Avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da Nu-DESC em contexto cirúrgico.Metodologia: Estudo metodológico, incluindo utentes com 65 ou mais anos de idade, com o diagnós-tico de fratura proximal do fémur. Recorreu-se a três medidas de avaliação para analisar a concordância entre os resultados obtidos através das mesmas.Resultados: Numa amostra de 81 utentes, a sensibilidade da Nu-DESC foi de 92% relativamente ao Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) e de 91% face à aplicação dos critérios do DSM-5. Já a espe-cificidade do instrumento foi de 98% relativamente ao CAM e de 94% face à aplicação dos critérios do DSM-5. O alfa de Cronbach da Nu-DESC variou entre 0,86 e 0,89.Conclusão: A avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da Nu-DESC num contexto cirúrgico con-firmou que a escala apresenta uma elevada sensibilidade e especificidade para a avaliação de deliriumnesse mesmo contexto
- Validating a measure for eco-anxiety in Portuguese young adults and exploring its associations with environmental actionPublication . Sampaio, Francisco; Costa, Tiago; Teixeira-Santos, Luísa; de Pinho, Lara Guedes; Sequeira, Carlos; Luís, Sílvia; Loureiro, Ana; Soro, Jerônimo C.; Roldán Merino, Juan; Moreno Poyato, Antonio; Peña Loray, Juan Segundo; Rodríguez Quiroga, Andrea; O’Brien, Léan V.; Hogg, Teaghan L.; Stanley, Samantha K.Background Worsening environmental conditions may amplify people’s emotional responses to an environmental crisis (eco-anxiety). In Portugal, young people seem to be especially concerned about climate change. However, this phenomenon needs to be interpreted using accurate instruments. Thus, this study aimed to validate the Portuguese version of the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS) in young adults and examine the associations among eco-anxiety, sociodemographic characteristics, and pro-environmental behaviours. Methods A survey was administered to 623 Portuguese university students aged between 18 and 25 years. The survey included our Portuguese translation of the HEAS (obtained through a back-translation and pretesting process), a sociodemographic assessment, and questions related to pro-environmental behaviours. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the construct validity of the Portuguese version of the HEAS, and global fit indices were used to assess whether the original four-dimensional structure of the scale was reproduced. The reliability of the Portuguese version of the HEAS was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Measurement invariance examined sex differences in scale interpretation. Linear regressions were used to detect whether sociodemographic variables predict eco-anxiety and whether eco-anxiety predicts pro-environmental behaviours. Results The factorial structure of the original scale was replicated in the Portuguese version of the HEAS, showing good internal consistency, reliability over time and strict invariance between men and women. A higher paternal education level predicted greater eco-anxiety in children. Two dimensions of eco-anxiety—namely, rumination and anxiety about personal impacts on the environment—predicted higher engagement in pro-environmental behaviours. Conclusions The translated scale is an appropriate tool to measure eco-anxiety in the Portuguese context and should be used to collect evidence to drive environmental and health policies. An individual’s education level should be considered a determinant of their emotional response to environmental conditions. Importantly, eco-anxiety can act as a protective emotional response to preserving the planet.
- Nurses’ promotion of Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes for upper secondary students: a modified Delphi approachPublication . Costa, Tiago Filipe Oliveira; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Sampaio, Francisco; Lluch Canut, María Teresa; Sequeira, CarlosBackground Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes can be carried out by nurses in schools. Adolescents have reported the importance of these interventions, the contents to be addressed, and intervention strategies that should be used. Mental health nurses have also discussed the characteristics of these training programmes. This study sought to create a consensus on the features of Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes promoted by nurses aimed at upper secondary students. Methods A descriptive mixed method study was developed using the modified e-Delphi technique. Original statements on the topic were drawn from the results section of previous studies with nurses and adolescents. The statements were included in a structured online questionnaire. An expert panel of 78 mental health nurses participated in the two-rounds online survey from October to December 2021. Absolute and relative frequencies of responses were analysed. The experts’ comments were also considered. Results In the first round, experts suggested 4 new ideas about training programmes. Experts took a position on a total of 59 declarations. At least 75% of participants agreed with 58 statements about training programmes, namely about facilitators, intervention foci, evaluation methodology, participants, the implementation context, period and regularity, intervention strategies and content. The experts’ opinions differed only in one statement that expressed the impaired sexual behaviour as a mental health problem to be addressed in the training programmes. Conclusions Mental health nurses can lead the delivery of training programmes in upper secondary schools, improving adolescent competencies in mental health. Several educational approaches can be used to teach about mental health, related problems and actions underlying these conditions. Valid and appropriate assessment methods must be used. Our findings guide the planning, implementation and evaluation of these interventions in upper secondary schools and encourage nurses to explore these programmes and include them in their educational curricula.
- Estilos de vida dos estudantes do ensino superior: Contributos para a promoção da saúdePublication . Ferreira, Maria; Santos, José; Sampaio, Francisco; Moreira, Maria; Nogueira, Assunção; Guerra, Manuela; Brito, IrmaEnquadramento: A transição para o ensino superior representa um período de mudança em que o jovem se depara com novas vivências, com implicações no seu estilo de vida. Objetivo: Identificar os domínios dos Estilos de vida dos estudantes do ensino superior que necessitam de intervenção. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-correlacional, transversal, com uma amostra de 522 estudantes do ensino superior. Questionário de Estilos de Vida Fantástico. Análise estatística em IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Resultados: Mediana de idade 22 anos, 78,4% sexo feminino. Dos 522 estudantes, 17,8% excesso peso; 6,3 % obesidade; 14.4% portadores de doença crónica; 35,6% apresentaram Estilos de Vida Muito Bom e 20,1% Estilos de Vida Bom. Destacou-se pela negativa Comportamentos Saúde e Sexual (x̄ = 8,97/24), Trabalho/Tipo Personalidade (x̄ = 6,82/12). Há diferenças significativas no score global do questionário (U = 19785,00; p < 0,05) para estudantes as mulheres com melhor Estilo de Vida (x̄ = 89,16; DP = 12,75); e em função Ano do curso (H = 18,80; p < 0,01). Conclusão: A avaliação dos Estilos de Vida permitiu caraterizar os focos de intervenção e orientar intervenções de promoção da saúde.
- Translation, Adaptation and Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire in a Sample of Higher Education Students in PortugalPublication . Chaves, Cláudia; Duarte, João; Sampaio, Francisco; Coelho, Joana; Sequeira, CarlosA significant part of the worldwide population is affected by some mental disorder. Previous research conducted with the general population has revealed poor knowledge when it comes to mental health. Therefore, it is imperative to assess mental health literacy using robust assessment tools. Thus, this study aimed to translate, adapt and assess the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire in a sample of higher education students in Portugal. This study used a sample consisting of 2887 participants. Internal consistency for the psychometric study was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Construct validity was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. After data analysis, the final Portuguese version of the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire was composed of 14 items. The goodness-of-fit indices were adequate, confirming the quality of the model’s fit to the empirical data (χ²/df = 2.459, GFI = 0.983, CFI = 0.969, RMSEA = 0.032, RMR = 0.023, SRMR = 0.032). This assessment tool is valid and reliable to assess higher education students’ mental health literacy in Portugal. Analyses to confirm the scale’s external validity, measurement equivalence and replicability are still required.
- Construction and Validation of the Positive Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale in AdultsPublication . Chaves, Cláudia; Duarte, João; Sampaio, Francisco; Coelho, Joana; Gonçalves, Amadeu; Santos, Vanda; Sequeira, CarlosLow mental health literacy levels have a profound negative effect on healthcare outcomes, usage of healthcare services and healthcare expenditure. To date, there is little research and a lack of instruments available to address and assess positive mental health literacy levels in community-dwelling adults. Thus, this study sought to develop an instrument to assess positive mental health literacy in adults and to evaluate its psychometric properties. A scale developed in European Portuguese and composed of 32 items was designed to assess positive mental health literacy among community-dwelling adults and was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Five latent factors were identified (decision making, prosocial attitudes, perception of resources, community involvement, and problem solving), whose hypothesised structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modelling. Evidence showed that the scale’s factor structure is reliable and valid and adequately represents the theorised constructs. Thus, this may be a useful assessment tool for clinical practice since it will allow a more rigorous assessment of positive mental health literacy and better mental health promotion interventions in the population.
- Translation, cultural adaptation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale among a sample of Portuguese adult patients with mental health disordersPublication . dos Santos, Eugénia Raquel Pinheiro; Coelho, Joana Catarina Ferreira; Carvalho Ribeiro, Isilda Maria Oliveira; Sampaio, FranciscoBackground Only a few anxiety assessment tools that nurses may administer are validated forthe Portuguese population exist in the literature. Thus, this study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Hamilton Anxiety Scale for the Portuguese population and assess its psychometric properties in a sample of adult people with mental health disorders. Methods This psychometric study uses a convenience sample of adult patients with mental health disorders. Results The confrmatory factor analysis confrmed the two factors of the original version of the tool. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was high, at .92, as well as the inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefcient) (.91). Conclusions The validity and reliability of the instrument are supported. However, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale should be used cautiously in the Portuguese population because the correlation with the “Anxiety State” subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory is not statistically signifcant.
- A qualitative study exploring adolescents' perspective about Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes promoted by nurses in upper secondary schoolsPublication . Costa, Tiago Filipe Oliveira; Sampaio, Francisco; Sequeira, Carlos; Lluch Canut, María Teresa; Moreno Poyato, Antonio RafaelABSTRACT:Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes are educational interventions thataim to disseminate basic first aid skills in the community. Adolescents in the context of theirsecondary school education are a particularly appropriate population for literacy promotioninterventions. This study explores adolescents’ perspectives on Mental Health First Aid TrainingProgrammes promoted by nurses in Portuguese upper secondary schools. A qualitative andexploratory study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12adolescents who participated voluntarily and with the consent of their parents. Data wereanalysed using content analysis. Fourteen themes were identified around three main areas: (i)Relevance of training programmes, (ii) Content of training programmes and (iii) Interventionmethods of training programmes. The results obtained indicate that adolescents consider MentalHealth First Aid Training Programmes in school relevant and necessary. Adolescents identified thecontent they deemed most appropriate and how it could be taught. These results can guide thedevelopment of training programmes. Nurses should take the lead in implementing these interventions in schools. Adolescents can take a more active role in mental health issues byimproving their literacy
- Sleep Quality between Nurses and the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal: What Are the Differences?Publication . Sampaio, Francisco; Gaspar, Susana; Fonseca, César; Lopes, Manuel José; Paiva, Teresa; Guedes de Pinho, LaraAlthough several studies have described the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on sleep quality, there are few studies that, in the same time period and using the same assessment tools, compare sleep quality and mental health status between nurses and the general population. Thus, the aim of this study was to (a) examine whether there were differences between nurses and the general population regarding sleep quality and mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) identify which factors may explain sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do that, we carried out a cross-sectional study in Portugal. Data were collected using an online survey platform during the first COVID-19 wave, from April to August 2020. Nurses presented poorer sleep quality than the general population, as well as higher anxiety levels. Irritability and worries about the future were two of the factors that might explain those differences. Thus, we can conclude that irritability and worries about the future are dimensions of anxiety that were associated with poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it would be important to adopt regular anxiety and sleep assessments, particularly for nurses, and to implement strategies to reduce this problem.