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- Designing a Nurse-Led Program for Self-Management of Substance Addiction Consequences:Publication . Seabra, Paulo; Nunes, Inês Robalo; Sequeira, Rui; Sequeira, Ana; Simões, Ana Susete De Abreu; Filipe, Fernando Miguel; Amaral, Paula; Abram, Marissa D.; Sequeira, CarlosTherapeutic interventions for people with problematic use of psychoactive substances can help tackle specific needs related to substance addiction consequences. This modified e-Delphi study aimed to establish consensus on a training program for self-management of substance addiction consequences. The study was conducted between February and April 2022, with an experts’ sample of 28 participants in the first round and 24 in the second. A priori consensus criteria were defined for each round. The results revealed a very strong consensus was achieved on the structure of the program and on clinical areas, such as the problematic use of substances, general health knowledge, health-seeking behavior and adherence, self-knowledge and well-being, social role and personal dignity, and family process. Additionally, over 80% participant consensus was achieved on an extensive number of interventions categorized as psychoeducational, psychotherapeutic, socio therapeutic, brief interventions, social skills training, problem solving techniques, relaxation techniques, and counseling. These findings may be able to fulfill a gap concerning structured treatment approaches for people with problematic use of psychoactive substances. Supporting self-management of the consequences of substance addiction and its application can change nurses’ interventions.
- Patient Safety Training Programs for Health Care Professionals: A Scoping ReviewPublication . Amaral, Catarina; Sequeira, Carlos; Albacar-Riobóo, Núria; Coelho, Joana; Pinho, Lara Guedes; Ferré-Grau, CarmeObjective This study aimed to map the evidence available on patient safety training programs for health professionals. Methods A scoping review was carried out. Several studies published between January 2010 and March 2020 in the following databases were investigated: CINAHL; MEDLINE; Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Cochrane; MedicLatina, via EBSCOhost; World Health Organization; Google Scholar; BVS—Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde; PubMed; B-On; and RCAAP—Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Results A total of 2841 articles were found, 7 were included. Most studies report that the development of patient safety programs for health care professionals provides them with tools and techniques to recognize adverse incidents induced by the professional system/practice; recognize human factors related to patient safety, such as nontechnical skills or tiredness; understand high-risk clinical processes; develop strategies that influence and enhance patient safety culture; promote communication, teamwork, and organizational culture concerning patient safety; analyze other characteristic and emerging topics in patient safety; and develop project proposals to improve patient safety, allowing health care professionals to consolidate their knowledge, leading initiatives to improve patient safety. Conclusions There are still few studies that test patient safety training programs, which is a concern given the importance of implementing safe practices. The existing evidence proves the efficacy of the training programs in improving patient safety, although there are some gaps.
- Statement of Peer ReviewPublication . Sequeira, Carlos; Ribeiro, Olga; Sampaio, Francisco; Abreu, WilsonIn submitting conference proceedings to Medical Sciences Forum, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review as administered by the volume editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to meet the professional and scientific standard that is expected of a proceedings journal.
- Development of a Proposal for a Program to Promote Positive Mental Health Literacy among Adolescents: A Focus Group StudyPublication . Nobre, Joana; Arco, Helena; Monteiro, Francisco; Oliveira, Ana Paula; Ferré-Grau, Carme; Sequeira, CarlosOver the last years, there have been several studies that have shown insufficient levels of adolescents’ mental health literacy (MHL). Knowledge about intervention programs that promote positive mental health literacy (PMeHL) among adolescents is still very scarce. In this sense, we defined as objectives to identify and describe the necessary components to design a program proposal that promotes adolescents’ PMeHL. We conducted an exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study using two focus groups in July and September 2022 with an intentional non-probability sample of eleven participants (nine professional experts and two adolescents). Data were analyzed using content analysis, using NVivo® 12 software (version 12, QRS International: Daresbury Cheshire, UK). We obtained a total of four categories and eighteen subcategories: structure (context; format; contents; length and frequency; pedagogical methods; pedagogical techniques; resources; denomination), participants (target group; program facilitators), assessment (timing; evaluation instruments), other components (planning, articulation and adaptation; involvement; training; special situations; partnerships; referral). The perspectives of the professional experts and of the adolescents that we obtained from this study contributed to the design of a proposal for a program to promote adolescents’ PMeHL.
- Positive mental health of undergraduate nursing students: scoping reviewPublication . Sousa, Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa; Chagas, Leticia Nascimento; Silva, Rodrigo Nogueira da; Sequeira, Carlos; Gallasch, Cristiane Helena; Zeitoune, Regina Célia GollnerObjective: Aimed to map the constructs used in articles to discuss the mental health of undergraduate nursing students in a positive perspective. Methods: A scoping review was carried out with a search in the electronic databases: Scopus, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, in April 2020, which allowed retrieval of 286 articles. Data selection and extraction was performed in a double check by the group investigators and were assessed using the continuous data comparison technique. Results: We selected 53 articles that allowed detecting a set of 13 constructs associated with positive mental health that are continuously investigated by this audience. Conclusion: It was found that the mental health of undergraduate nursing students is a supportive set of characteristics conditioned to the inter-retroactive circuit, in which each component retroacts on each part of a set of strengths, fostering a dynamic state of internal balance.
- Social Media Use and Its Association with Mental Health and Internet Addiction among Portuguese Higher Education Students during COVID-19 ConfinementPublication . Oliveira, Ana Paula; Nobre, Joana Rita; Luis, Henrique; Luis, Luis Soares; Pinho, Lara Guedes; Albacar-Riobóo, Núria; Sequeira, CarlosThe use of social media was one of the most common way to keep in touch with friends and family during confinement. For higher education students, the fact that their universities were closed was a major change in their lives. The aim of this study is to relate the prevalence and type of social media with Internet addiction and mental health of university students in a district of Portugal during COVID-19 confinement. Mental health was studied by applying the reduced version of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5) and to measure the Internet use and dependence, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used. The study (cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational) used an online questionnaire, conducted on Google® Forms and the link was sent to 4450 students, in the months of April to June 2020, during the confinement. A total of 329 valid questionnaires were obtained. We can conclude that regarding mental health, students in the 18–24 age group, single or divorced and who are not in a relationship, and with worse academic results, show worse levels of mental health. It is noteworthy that the students with the same characteristics also have the highest levels of addiction to internet.
- The Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Substance Use and Mental Health in Portuguese Higher Education StudentsPublication . Oliveira, Ana Paula; Luis, Henrique; Luís, Luís Soares; Nobre, Joana Rita; Pinho, Lara Guedes; Albacar-Riobóo, Núria; Sequeira, CarlosThe mental health of higher education students is a constant concern, and the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 has intensified this concern. The social measures imposed to control and minimize the disease have led, among other things, to the reconfiguration of higher education students’ academic life habits, which has naturally altered their emotional balance, mental health, and substance abuse. This cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study assesses the influence of higher education students’ personal characteristics on their (self-reported) use of addictive substances (alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and pharmaceutical drugs) before and during their first compulsory confinement in Portugal, as well as its relationship with mental health. An online questionnaire was applied between 15 April and 20 May 2020, to students from various study cycles of higher education institutions in one region of Portugal (northern area of Alentejo), which included the Mental Health Inventory in its reduced version (MHI-5) and questions (constructed by the authors) on personal characterization and on the use of addictive substances before and during confinement. The convenience sample included 329 mostly female health care students between the ages of 18 and 24. In our results, we found a statistically significant decrease in tobacco, alcohol, and drug use; however, there was an increase in tobacco use among older students and an increase in anxiolytic use among students with higher academic achievement and among students who exhibited more active social behavior in the period prior to confinement. Students who took anxiolytics during confinement had higher MHI-5 scores and students who used the most addictive substances during confinement had lower MHI-5 scores than the other students.
- Psychoeducation Programs to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults: A Scoping ReviewPublication . Oliveira, Palmira; Porfírio, Catarina; Pires, Regina; Silva, Rosa; Carvalho, José Carlos; Costa, Tiago; Sequeira, CarlosBackground: Surgical procedure is a critical event that causes anxiety for patients. One of the possible intervention strategies to reduce anxiety in the preoperative period is psychoeducation. Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR to map knowledge about psychoeducation programs to reduce preoperative anxiety in adults. The data were extracted by the researchers, according to the objective of the study. Finally, the data synthesis was presented in narrative format and tables. Results: four studies were included in the review with different characteristics of psychoeducation programs. The approach of these programs consisted of teaching about anxiety, instruction and training in anxiety control techniques. The contents referred to included the surgical process and intervention techniques to reduce anxiety. Program sessions lasted from 45 to 150 min, with a frequency of 1 to 6. The assessment instrument used was the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The dynamisers were nurses, psychotherapists and clinical psychologists. Conclusions: Psychoeducation programs can be useful and effective in reducing anxiety. More studies are needed to confirm these results.
- Validating a measure for eco-anxiety in Portuguese young adults and exploring its associations with environmental actionPublication . Sampaio, Francisco; Costa, Tiago; Teixeira-Santos, Luísa; de Pinho, Lara Guedes; Sequeira, Carlos; Luís, Sílvia; Loureiro, Ana; Soro, Jerônimo C.; Roldán Merino, Juan; Moreno Poyato, Antonio; Peña Loray, Juan Segundo; Rodríguez Quiroga, Andrea; O’Brien, Léan V.; Hogg, Teaghan L.; Stanley, Samantha K.Background Worsening environmental conditions may amplify people’s emotional responses to an environmental crisis (eco-anxiety). In Portugal, young people seem to be especially concerned about climate change. However, this phenomenon needs to be interpreted using accurate instruments. Thus, this study aimed to validate the Portuguese version of the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS) in young adults and examine the associations among eco-anxiety, sociodemographic characteristics, and pro-environmental behaviours. Methods A survey was administered to 623 Portuguese university students aged between 18 and 25 years. The survey included our Portuguese translation of the HEAS (obtained through a back-translation and pretesting process), a sociodemographic assessment, and questions related to pro-environmental behaviours. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the construct validity of the Portuguese version of the HEAS, and global fit indices were used to assess whether the original four-dimensional structure of the scale was reproduced. The reliability of the Portuguese version of the HEAS was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Measurement invariance examined sex differences in scale interpretation. Linear regressions were used to detect whether sociodemographic variables predict eco-anxiety and whether eco-anxiety predicts pro-environmental behaviours. Results The factorial structure of the original scale was replicated in the Portuguese version of the HEAS, showing good internal consistency, reliability over time and strict invariance between men and women. A higher paternal education level predicted greater eco-anxiety in children. Two dimensions of eco-anxiety—namely, rumination and anxiety about personal impacts on the environment—predicted higher engagement in pro-environmental behaviours. Conclusions The translated scale is an appropriate tool to measure eco-anxiety in the Portuguese context and should be used to collect evidence to drive environmental and health policies. An individual’s education level should be considered a determinant of their emotional response to environmental conditions. Importantly, eco-anxiety can act as a protective emotional response to preserving the planet.
- Reliability and validity of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire in a sample of Spanish university studentsPublication . Roldán-Merino, J.; Lluch-Canut, M. T.; Casas, I.; Sanromà-Ortíz, M.; Ferré-Grau, C.; Sequeira, Carlos; Falcó-Pegueroles, A.; Soares, D.; Puig-Llobet, M.WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: In general, the current studies of positive mental health use questionnaires or parts thereof. However, while these questionnaires evaluate aspects of positive mental health, they fail to measure the construct itself. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The widespread use and the lack of specific questionnaires for evaluating the positive mental health construct justify the need to measure the robustness of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire. Also six factors are proposed to measure positive mental health. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The availability of a good questionnaire to measure positive mental health in university students is useful not only to promote mental health but also to strengthen the curricula of future professionals.