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dos Reis Marques, António Manuel

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  • Gênero e pré-escola: experiências e estratégias de homens educadores de infância
    Publication . Santos, Maria Helena; Cruz, Eduardo Ferreira; Marques, António Manuel
    Este estudo analisou as dinâmicas de gênero no contexto da educação de infância, em Portugal. Procurámos observar se os homens educadores de infância vivenciam as consequências negativas associadas aos tokens e a possível emergência de fenômenos relacionados com a construção social da masculinidade. A análise temática dos conteúdos de 14 entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas com educadores/as de infância originou seis temas e evidenciou a especificidade da inserção profissional dos homens. As vivências e as estratégias descritas pelos entrevistados e percecionadas pelas entrevistadas evidenciam os efeitos da construção social da masculinidade e confirmam parte dos efeitos do seu estatuto de tokens, ainda que de modo distinto ao revelado pelos estudos centrados nas mulheres nessa situação.
  • Gender asymmetries: an exploratory study of women’s experiences in portuguese football organizations
    Publication . Santos, Maria Helena; Marques, António Manuel; Salvador, Joana
    The main objective of this exploratory study is to analyze the negative effects associated with the phenomenon of tokenism for Portuguese women in non-playing football roles, as well as their strategies for integration into a context where they are a minority and the social functions are dominated by men. To this end, we carried out semi-structured individual interviews with eight men and eight women, undertaking functions in the fields of coaching, psychology, medical team, planning, refereeing, and management in football organizations, and with their contents then subject to thematic analysis. Our analysis confirms how the football context strongly demarcates gender differences with women being more visible and leads to the stereotypical roles being associated with traditional femininity. The findings also observe how, in order to integrate, women align with the norms imposed by the dominant group (men) and accept being circumscribed to the spaces that hegemonic gender ideologies and practices attribute to them.
  • Gender in portuguese firefighters: the experiences and strategies of women
    Publication . Lopes, Beatriz Gomes; Marques, António Manuel; Santos, Maria Helena
    This study sets out to analyze the negative effects of tokenism among a group of Portuguese female firefighters alongside the strategies they adopt to integrate into a male majority professional context and inherently associated with masculinity. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out with nine men and nine women before their content was subject to thematic analysis. The results confirm how, in the context of the work performed by firefighters, there is a clear differentiation between the genders, with women both being more visible and leading to conformity to depicting stereotypical femininity. In order to fit in, female firefighters attempt to replicate the attitudes of their male colleagues, demonstrate high standards of performance, and tone down any expression of perceivably feminine characteristics.