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- Accessibility Solutions for Visually Impaired Persons: A Digital Platform ConceptualizationPublication . Oliveira, Rita; Prata, Alcina; Miranda, José Carlos; Abreu, Jorge Ferraz de; Almeida, Ana MargaridaThis chapter aims to address a study in which it is intended to conceptualize, develop, and evaluate an aggregation platform of accessible solutions target to Portuguese people with visual impairment, incorporating not only an information layer but also a training layer using, for example, explanatory videos and tutorials. The platform contents will be nourished through a logic of volunteering and be available through an interactive television (iTV) application and a web/mobile application accessible to visually impaired users. In this chapter, a state-of-the-art survey is made to identify types of digital solutions target to visually impaired users. Based on this survey, an analysis is made to understand what features and functionalities the proposed platform can integrate and how it can become a powerful solution for people with visual impairment. In addition to the state-of-the-art survey and its analysis, the chapter includes the identification and description of the system architecture that will support the proposed platform.
- Cloud na Administração Local: Estudo de casoPublication . Landum, Manuel; Reis, LeonildeA Administração Pública e nomeadamente a Administração Local, vivem momentos delicados e aos Chief Information Officer exigem-se soluções de baixo Capex, mas que não descorem o objetivo principal; o aumento de produtividade, levando a que se ponderem soluções inovadoras, de rápida implementação, mas de baixo custo. O paper tem como objetivo estudar a adequação da cloud computing na Administração Local, mais concretamente a migração de aplicações, onde se pretende estudar uma solução de baixo Capex, que permita simultaneamente a redução do Opex, sendo primordial a obtenção de respostas, através de um estudo de caso. Para a sua concretização, adotou-se uma metodologia, que contempla o método qualitativo, cujo procedimento metodológico é o estudo empírico, baseado na investigação da literatura referente a este novo paradigma da cloud computing, seu modelo de computação e vantagens e desvantagens para a autarquia estudada. Da pesquisa efetuada, conclui-se que a mudança de paradigma, não se torna tão disruptiva pela parte tecnológica, mas sim pela forma da sua utilização, ou seja, a transição da computação tradicional para um novo modelo onde o consumo de recursos computacionais, será realizado através de serviços, influenciando ainda mudanças a nível económico e contabilístico, onde o software e hardware passam a ser adquiridos como um serviço sendo contabilizados, ao invés do que se passava anteriormente que eram capitalizados no balanço anual. Foi ainda possível concluir, que a problemática deverá ser devidamente pensada no sentido de refletir as questões subjacentes ao nível do enquadramento legal e da segurança da informação, entre outros aspetos considerados prementes à temática. No estudo de caso concluiu-se ser viável a colocação do email na cloud, ao invés das aplicações core.
- Comparative WebGIS Software Study: How to Support Users Decisions on the Best Solution to Their OrganizationsPublication . Ventura, Sandra; Prata, AlcinaThe rapid evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) has supported many changes in many areas over the last decade. One of the most successful ICT technologies to emerge was geographic information systems (GIS). These systems allow people to see the world differently, mapping the position and quantity of things, mapping the density of people and objects, and mapping any changes that occur. GIS also allows us to find out what is happening within a specific area or nearby. They can be used in various ways and across diverse areas thus becoming an important area of research. Regarding this chapter, the advantages and disadvantages involved in the use of GIS, especially WebGis or geoportals, were explored and presented, as well as a detailed comparative study in what concers to the main WebGis software solutions in terms of characteristics and functionalities. The main goal of the chapter was to provide users with a list of important recommendations that could help them in the process of choosing a WebGIS software, both in terms of free and proprietary solutions.
- Crossmedia Personalized Learning ContextsPublication . Prata, Alcina; Guimarães, Nuno; Chambel, Teresa
- Designing iTV Based Crossmedia Personalized Informal Learning ContextsPublication . Prata, Alcina; Chambel, Teresa; Guimarães, Nuno
- Extração de conhecimento através de Data Mining: obtenção de regras de associação num dataset públicoPublication . Oliveira, Joana; Barbosa, VítorEste artigo apresenta um trabalho de investigação que consistiu na Análise de Carrinhos de Compras (Market Basket Analysis) através da aplicação de técnicas de data mining a um conjunto de dados de dimensão significativa. Pretende-se encontrar conjuntos de itens habitualmente comprados em conjunto e daí gerar Regras de Associação, as quais podem ser valiosas para campanhas promocionais ou sistemas de recomendação. Foi adotada a metodologia de investigação CRISP, especialmente vocacionada para data mining, e são descritas as diversas fases da mesma, com foco na análise exploratória dos dados (para os conhecer), a preparação dos dados para aplicação e configuração do algoritmo Apriori e o estudo do comportamento do modelo obtido, aumento e diminuição do número de Regras de Associação geradas, de acordo com a variação dos parâmetros e dos dados utilizados.
- Framework for classroom student grading with open-ended questions: a text-mining approachPublication . Vairinhos, Valter Martins; Pereira, Luís Agonia; Matos, Florinda; Nunes, HelenaThe purpose of this paper is to present a framework based on text-mining techniques to support teachers in their tasks of grading texts, compositions, or essays, which form the answers to open-ended questions (OEQ). The approach assumes that OEQ must be used as a learning and evaluation instrument with increasing frequency. Given the time-consuming grading process for those questions, their large-scale use is only possible when computational tools can help the teacher. This work assumes that the grading decision is entirely a teacher’s task responsibility, not the result of an automatic grading process. In this context, the teacher is the author of questions to be included in the tests, administration and results assessment, the entire cycle for this process being noticeably short: a few days at most. An attempt is made to address this problem. The method is entirely exploratory, descriptive and data-driven, the only data assumed as inputs being the texts of essays and compositions created by the students when answering OEQ for a single test on a specific occasion. Typically, the process involves exceedingly small data volumes measured by the power of current home computers, but big data when compared with human capabilities. The general idea is to use software to extract useful features from texts, perform lengthy and complex statistical analyses and present the results to the teacher, who, it is believed, will combine this information with his or her knowledge and experience to make decisions on mark allocation. A generic path model is formulated to represent that specific context and the kind of decisions and tasks a teacher should perform, the estimated results being synthesised using graphic displays. The method is illustrated by analysing three corpora of 126 texts originating in three different real learning contexts, time periods, educational levels and disciplines.
- Generation of Crossmedia Dynamic Learning Contexts from iTVPublication . Prata, Alcina; Chambel, Teresa; Guimarães, Nuno
- A hybrid metaheuristic for the Bus Driver Rostering ProblemPublication . Barbosa, Vítor; Respício, A.; Alvelos, F.This paper presents a new decomposition model for the Bus Driver Rostering Problem and proposes the hybridization of column generation and genetic algorithms to achieve good quality rosters in short time. The decomposition model is based on the definition of a subproblem for each driver, which is responsible for the creation of valid work-schedules for the rostering period. Column generation is used to obtain an optimal linear solution. This solution and the subproblems' solutions obtained during the column generation are then used by the genetic algorithm to find good quality combinations of drivers' schedules, i.e. good quality rosters. Computational tests show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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