LIP - AP - Física de Partículas e Astropartículas
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- Radioactivity Backgrounds in ZEPLIN-IIIPublication . Araujo, H.M. et al. (37 authors); Chepel, V.; DeViveiros, L.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, M.I.; Neves, F.; Pinto da Cunha, J.; Silva, C.; Solovov, V.N.We examine electron and nuclear recoil backgrounds from radioactivity in the ZEPLIN-III dark matter experiment at Boulby. The rate of low-energy electron recoils in the liquid xenon WIMP target is 0.75$\pm$0.05 events/kg/day/keV, which represents a 20-fold improvement over the rate observed during the first science run. Energy and spatial distributions agree with those predicted by component-level Monte Carlo simulations propagating the effects of the radiological contamination measured for materials employed in the experiment. Neutron elastic scattering is predicted to yield 3.05$\pm$0.5 nuclear recoils with energy 5-50 keV per year, which translates to an expectation of 0.4 events in a 1-year dataset in anti-coincidence with the veto detector for realistic signal acceptance. Less obvious background sources are discussed, especially in the context of future experiments. These include contamination of scintillation pulses with Cherenkov light from Compton electrons and from $\beta$ activity internal to photomultipliers, which can increase the size and lower the apparent time constant of the scintillation response. Another challenge is posed by multiple-scatter $\gamma$-rays with one or more vertices in regions that yield no ionisation. If the discrimination power achieved in the first run can be replicated, ZEPLIN-III should reach a sensitivity of $\sim 1 \times 10^{-8}$ pb$\cdot$year to the scalar WIMP-nucleon elastic cross-section, as originally conceived.
- Measurement of the isolated di-photon cross-section in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with the ATLAS detectorPublication . ATLAS collaboration (3034 authors); Aguilar-Saavedra, Juan Antonio; Amaral, Pedro; Anjos, Nuno; Carvalho, Joao; Castro, Nuno Filipe; Conde Muino, Patricia; Do Valle Wemans, Andre; Fiolhais, Miguel; Gomes, Agostinho; Goncalo, Ricardo; Jorge, Pedro; Lopes, Lourenco; Machado Miguens, Joana; Magalhaes Martins, Paulo Jorge; Maio, Amelia; Maneira, Jose; Morais, Antonio; Oliveira, Miguel Alfonso; Onofre, Antonio; Palma, Alberto; Pina, Joao Antonio; Pinto, Belmiro; Santos, Helena; Saraiva, Joao; Silva, Jose; Soares, Mara; Veloso, Filipe; Wolters, HelmutThe ATLAS experiment has measured the production cross-section of events with two isolated photons in the final state, in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The full data set acquired in 2010 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb^-1. The background, consisting of hadronic jets and isolated electrons, is estimated with fully data-driven techniques and subtracted. The differential cross-sections, as functions of the di-photon mass, total transverse momentum and azimuthal separation, are presented and compared to the predictions of next-to-leading-order QCD.
- Inclusive search for squarks and gluinos in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeVPublication . CMS collaboration (2220 authors); Hollar, Jonathan; Almeida, Nuno; Bargassa, Pedrame; David Tinoco Mendes, Andre; Faccioli, Pietro; Ferreira Parracho, Pedro Guilherme; Gallinaro, Michele; Musella, Pasquale; Nayak, Aruna; Pela, Joao; Ribeiro, Pedro Quinaz; Seixas, Joao; Varela, Joao; Lloret Iglesias, Lara; Rodrigues Antunes, Joao; Silva, Pedro; Leonardo, NunoA search is performed for heavy particle pairs produced in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with 35 inverse picobarns of data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is sensitive to squarks and gluinos of generic supersymmetry models, provided they are kinematically accessible, with minimal assumptions on properties of the lightest superpartner particle. The kinematic consistency of the selected events is tested against the hypothesis of heavy particle pair production using the dimensionless razor variable R, related to the missing transverse energy. The new physics signal is characterized by a broad peak in the distribution of MR, an event-by-event indicator of the heavy particle mass scale. This new approach is complementary to missing transverse energy-based searches. After background modeling based on data, and background rejection based on R and MR, no significant excess of events is found beyond the standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in the context of the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model as well as two simplified supersymmetry models.
- Measurement of the Transverse Momentum Distribution of $W$ Bosons in $pp$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with the ATLAS DetectorPublication . ATLAS collaboration (3024 authors); Aguilar-Saavedra, Juan Antonio; Amaral, Pedro; Anjos, Nuno; Carvalho, Joao; Castro, Nuno Filipe; Conde Muino, Patricia; Do Valle Wemans, Andre; Fiolhais, Miguel; Gomes, Agostinho; Goncalo, Ricardo; Jorge, Pedro; Lopes, Lourenco; Machado Miguens, Joana; Maio, Amelia; Maneira, Jose; Oliveira, Miguel Alfonso; Onofre, Antonio; Palma, Alberto; Pina, Joao Antonio; Pinto, Belmiro; Santos, Helena; Saraiva, Joao; Silva, Jose; Soares, Mara; Veloso, Filipe; Wolters, HelmutThis paper describes a measurement of the W boson transverse momentum distribution using ATLAS pp collision data from the 2010 run of the LHC at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 31 pb^-1. Events from both W -> e nu and W -> mu nu are used, and the transverse momentum of the W candidates is measured through the energy deposition in the calorimeter from the recoil of the W. The resulting distributions are unfolded to obtain the normalized differential cross sections as a function of the W boson transverse momentum. We present results for pTW < 300 GeV in the electron and muon channels as well as for their combination, and compare the combined results to the predictions of perturbative QCD and a selection of event generators.
- Search for New Phenomena in $t\bar{t}$ Events With Large Missing Transverse Momentum in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with the ATLAS DetectorPublication . ATLAS collaboration (3017 authors); Aguilar-Saavedra, Juan Antonio; Amaral, Pedro; Anjos, Nuno; Carvalho, Joao; Castro, Nuno Filipe; Conde Muino, Patricia; Do Valle Wemans, Andre; Fiolhais, Miguel; Gomes, Agostinho; Goncalo, Ricardo; Jorge, Pedro; Lopes, Lourenco; Machado Miguens, Joana; Maio, Amelia; Maneira, Jose; Oliveira, Miguel Alfonso; Onofre, Antonio; Palma, Alberto; Pina, Joao Antonio; Pinto, Belmiro; Santos, Helena; Saraiva, Joao; Silva, Jose; Soares, Mara; Veloso, Filipe; Wolters, HelmutA search for new phenomena in ttbar events with large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The measurement is based on 1.04 fb^-1 of data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search is carried out in the single-lepton channel, characterized by an isolated lepton of high transverse momentum, four or more jets and large missing transverse momentum. Contributions to this final state may arise from a number of Standard Model extensions. The results are interpreted in terms of a model where new top-quark partners are pair-produced and each decay to an on-shell top (or antitop) quark and a long-lived undetected neutral particle. The data are found to be consistent with Standard Model expectations. A limit at 95% confidence level is set excluding a cross-section times branching ratio of 1.1 pb for a top-partner mass of 420 GeV and a neutral particle mass less than 10 GeV. In a model of exotic fourth generation quarks, top-partner masses are excluded up to 420 GeV and neutral particle masses up to 140 GeV.
- Baryonic resonances close to the $\bar{K}$ N threshold: The Case of $\Sigma(1385)^+$ in pp collisionsPublication . HADES collaboration (102 authors); Blanco, A.; Fonte, P.; Lopes, L.; Mangiarotti, A.We present results of an exclusive measurement of the first excited state of the Sigma hyperon, Sigma(1385)^+, produced in p+p -> Sigma^+ + K^+ + n at 3.5 GeV beam energy. The extracted data allow to study in detail the invariant mass distribution of the Sigma(1385)^+. The mass distribution is well described by a relativistic Breit-Wigner function with a maximum at m_0 = 1383.2 +- 0.9 MeV/c^2 and a width of 40.2 +- 2.1 MeV/c^2. The exclusive production cross-section comes out to be 22.27 +- 0.89 +- 1.56 +3.07 -2.10 mu b. Angular distributions of the Sigma(1385)^+ in different reference frames are found to be compatible with the hypothesis that 33 % of Sigma(1385)^+ result from the decay of an intermediate Delta^{++} resonance.
- Measurement of the inclusive $W^\pm$ and Z/gamma cross sections in the electron and muon decay channels in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with the ATLAS detectorPublication . ATLAS collaboration (3026 authors); Aguilar-Saavedra, Juan Antonio; Amaral, Pedro; Anjos, Nuno; Carvalho, Joao; Castro, Nuno Filipe; Conde Muino, Patricia; Do Valle Wemans, Andre; Fiolhais, Miguel; Gomes, Agostinho; Goncalo, Ricardo; Jorge, Pedro; Lopes, Lourenco; Machado Miguens, Joana; Maio, Amelia; Maneira, Jose; Oliveira, Miguel Alfonso; Onofre, Antonio; Palma, Alberto; Pina, Joao Antonio; Pinto, Belmiro; Santos, Helena; Saraiva, Joao; Silva, Jose; Soares, Mara; Veloso, Filipe; Wolters, HelmutThe production cross sections of the inclusive Drell-Yan processes W to l nu and Z/gamma to ll (l=e,mu) are measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector. The cross sections are reported integrated over a fiducial kinematic range, extrapolated to the full range and also evaluated differentially as a function of the W decay lepton pseudorapidity and the Z boson rapidity, respectively. Based on an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1 collected in 2010, the precision of these measurements reaches a few per cent. The integrated and the differential W+- and Z/gamma cross sections in the e and mu channels are combined, and compared with perturbative QCD calculations, based on a number of different parton distribution sets available at NNLO.
- A study of the material in the ATLAS inner detector using secondary hadronic interactionsPublication . ATLAS collaboration (3017 authors); Aguilar-Saavedra, Juan Antonio; Amaral, Pedro; Anjos, Nuno; Carvalho, João; Castro, Nuno Filipe; Conde Muiño, Patricia; Do Valle Wemans, André; Fiolhais, Miguel; Gomes, Agostinho; Gonçalo, Ricardo; Jorge, Pedro; Lopes, Lourenco; Machado Miguens, Joana; Maio, Amélia; Maneira, José; Oliveira, Miguel Alfonso; Onofre, António; Palma, Alberto; Pina, João Antonio; Pinto, Belmiro; Santos, Helena; Saraiva, João; Silva, José; Soares, Mara; Veloso, Filipe; Wolters, HelmutThe ATLAS inner detector is used to reconstruct secondary vertices due to hadronic interactions of primary collision products, so probing the location and amount of material in the inner region of ATLAS. Data collected in 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, with a minimum bias trigger, are used for comparisons with simulated events. The reconstructed secondary vertices have spatial resolutions ranging from ~200 microns to 1 mm. The overall material description in the simulation is validated to within an experimental uncertainty of about 7%. This will lead to a better understanding of the reconstruction of various objects such as tracks, leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum.
- Measurement of the Rapidity and Transverse Momentum Distributions of $Z$ Bosons in $pp$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeVPublication . CMS collaboration (2243 authors); Hollar, Jonathan; Almeida, Nuno; Bargassa, Pedrame; David Tinoco Mendes, Andre; Faccioli, Pietro; Ferreira Parracho, Pedro Guilherme; Gallinaro, Michele; Musella, Pasquale; Nayak, Aruna; Pela, Joao; Ribeiro, Pedro Quinaz; Seixas, Joao; Varela, Joao; Lloret Iglesias, Lara; Rodrigues Antunes, Joao; Silva, Pedro; Leonardo, NunoMeasurements of the normalized rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (qT) distributions of Drell-Yan muon and electron pairs in the Z-boson mass region (60
- Jet Production Rates in Association with $W$ and $Z$ Bosons in $pp$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeVPublication . CMS collaboration (2258 authors); Hollar, Jonathan; Almeida, Nuno; Bargassa, Pedrame; David Tinoco Mendes, Andre; Faccioli, Pietro; Ferreira Parracho, Pedro Guilherme; Gallinaro, Michele; Musella, Pasquale; Nayak, Aruna; Pela, Joao; Ribeiro, Pedro Quinaz; Seixas, Joao; Varela, Joao; Lloret Iglesias, Lara; Rodrigues Antunes, Joao; Silva, Pedro; Leonardo, NunoMeasurements of jet production rates in association with W and Z bosons for jet transverse momenta above 30 GeV are reported, using a sample of proton-proton collision events recorded by CMS at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. The study includes the measurement of the normalized inclusive rates of jets sigma(V + >= n jets)/sigma(V), where V represents either a W or a Z. In addition, the ratio of W to Z cross sections and the W charge asymmetry as a function of the number of associated jets are measured. A test of Berends--Giele scaling at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is also presented. The measurements provide a stringent test of perturbative-QCD calculations and are sensitive to the possible presence of new physics. The results are in agreement with the predictions of a simulation that uses explicit matrix element calculations for final states with jets.