Browsing by Author "Pereira, Dinis"
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- Assessment of the relationship between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and dental malocclusion in a Portuguese samplePublication . Pereira, Dinis; Machado, Vanessa; Botelho, João; Proença, Luís; Delgado, Ana; Mendes, José João
- Blood pressure and tooth loss : a large cross-sectional study with age mediation analysisPublication . Mendes, José João; Viana, João; Cruz, Filipe; Pereira, Dinis; Ferreira, Sílvia; Pereira, Paula; Proença, Luís; Machado, Vanessa; Botelho, João; Rua, João; Delgado, Ana SintraWe aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and tooth loss and the mediation effect of age. A cross-sectional study from a reference dental hospital was conducted from September 2017 to July 2020. Single measures of BP were taken via an automated sphygmomanometer device. Tooth loss was assessed through oral examination and confirmed radiographically. Severe tooth loss was defined as 10 or more teeth lost. Additional study covariates were collected via sociodemographic and medical questionnaires. A total of 10,576 patients were included. Hypertension was more prevalent in severe tooth loss patients than nonsevere tooth lost (56.1% vs. 39.3%, p < 0.001). The frequency of likely undiagnosed hypertension was 43.4%. The adjusted logistic model for sex, smoking habits and body mass index confirmed the association between continuous measures of high BP and continuous measures of tooth loss (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001). Age mediated 80.0% and 87.5% of the association between periodontitis with both systolic BP (p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (p < 0.001), respectively. Therefore, hypertension and tooth loss are associated, with a consistent mediation effect of age. Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension was elevated. Age, gender, active smoking, and BMI were independently associated with raised BP.
- Bolton ratios in Portuguese subjects among different malocclusion groupsPublication . Machado, Vanessa; Botelho, João; Pereira, Dinis; Vasques, Mariana; Fernandes-Retto, Paulo; Proença, Luís; Mendes, José João; Delgado, AnaBACKGROUND: Several methods have been described to estimate inter-arch tooth size relationship, such as Bolton's ratios. The aims of this study were to verify the validity of Bolton indexes in a sample of untreated Portuguese subjects based on Angle classification and to evaluate the gender difference. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 168 pre-treatment dental casts of orthodontics Portuguese subjects (59 males and 109 females) with different occlusions were used, which were selected randomly from 541 consecutively treated orthodontic patients. The mesiodistal widths from first molar to first molar were measured on each pre-treatment cast to the nearest 0.01 mm using digital caliper, and Bolton's anterior and overall ratios were calculated. Descriptive statistics as mean, standard deviation and range were calculated. Moreover, the results were compared to Bolton's ratios and differences based on gender and occlusion groups were evaluated by statistical inference methods. RESULTS: The results reveal that the mean values, standard deviation and range were larger than Bolton's in normal occlusion group (78.3±3.5% in anterior ratio and 92.1±2.2% in overall ratio) and there were no differences between genders (p >0.05). Class I (anterior and overall ratios, p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), Class II/2 (anterior ratio, p=0.032) and Class III (overall ratio, p=0.041) were significantly different from Bolton's reference data. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed no differences between gender and no difference between normal occlusion and malocclusion groups. Moreover, in normal occlusion group, the anterior and overall tooth size ratios was equivalent to the original Bolton's ratios, although the mean and standard deviation were large.
- Comparison of pain perception between clear aligners and fixed appliances: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Pereira, Dinis; Machado, Vanessa; Botelho, João; Proença, Luís; Mendes, José João; Delgado, Ana SintraWe aimed to compare the pain discomfort levels between clear aligners and fixed appliances at multiple time points. Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Medline, CENTRAL and Scholar) were searched up to May 2020. There were no year or language restrictions. Randomized clinical trials and case–control studies comparing pain perception through pain visual analog scale (VAS) in patients treated with clear aligners and with fixed appliances were included. Risk of bias within and across studies was assessed using Cochrane tool and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) approach. Random-effects meta-analysis were conducted. VAS score and analgesic consumption were collected. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to synthesize available data. Following the review protocol, five articles met the inclusion criteria and were included, with a total of 273 participants (177 females, 96 males). Overall, clear aligners were associated with significantly less pain than fixed appliances during the first seven days of orthodontic treatment. Patients treated with clear aligners experience less pain discomfort than those treated with fixed appliances and consume less analgesics, with SORT A recommendation.
- Construção da Motivação e da Orientação para a Liderança dos futuros líderes militaresPublication . Pereira, DinisConstituindo a Academia Militar um estabelecimento de ensino em que o desenvolvimento da liderança nos futuros oficiais é um aspeto primordialmente relevante, é essencial estudar a orientação dos futuros oficiais no que diz respeito ao seu modo de liderar tendo em consideração que é importante que os seus alunos se sintam motivados. É por isso extremamente essencial perceber de que forma a motivação influencia o desenvolvimento da liderança ao longo do processo de formação da Academia Militar. Com efeito, foi efetuada uma revisão de literatura para que o leitor se familiarize com os vários conceitos utilizados ao longo da investigação, tendo em conta as respetivas escalas utilizadas nos questionários aplicados aos alunos da Academia Militar. Para conseguirmos perceber a relação existente entre a orientação para a liderança e a motivação, foi efetuado um questionário aos alunos do 1º ao 5º ano da Academia Militar. Para o efeito foi usada a escala de Motivação e a escala de Orientação para a Liderança, tendo sido posteriormente analisados os dados e feitas correlações entre as duas escalas. Por fim, chegou-se à conclusão que existem uma grande maioria de alunos que seguem uma liderança de dominância pessoal e que a sua motivação deriva do envolvimento social normativa, isto é, assumem a liderança como um dever para eles e existe um outro grupo de alunos que seguem uma liderança de identidade afetiva em que a sua motivação deriva da liderança partilhada, sendo que estes assumem a liderança porque gostam de liderar as outras pessoas e porque se sentem realizados a nível pessoal ao liderar. Abstract: The Military Academy is a Military Institution that develops teaching and investigation activities and has the goal of graduating the future Army and National Republican Guard officers. During the process of graduating it is required a level of effort and endeavor form the students for them to achieve their goals and to be able to keep up with the demands that involve the military training of the permanent staff. Being the Military Academy a teaching institution in which the leadership development of the future officers is an important aspect it is essential to study what type of leadership it teaches. For the development of leadership it is necessary that the students are motivated, it is important to perceive how this motivation will influence the growth of leadership along the process of teaching. There was made a literary revision, so that the reader is familiarized with the numerous concepts used along the investigation, according to the scales applied to the Military Academy students. In order to understand the correlation between the motivation and the leadership guidance there was made an inquiry to the students from the 1st to the 5ht grade of the Military Academy. For this inquiry there were used scales of Motivation and Leadership Guidance and these data were analyzed and correlations were made between the two scales. In the end we present the investigation’s conclusions, aiming to respond to the initial question of the investigation. With these results we can help the Military Academy to understand how leadership and motivation are developed in the future military leaders. In the end, we arrived to the conclusion that there is a grand majority of students that follow a personal dominance leadership and that their motivation derives from the normative social involvement, they assume leadership as a duty and there is another group of students that follow an affective identity leadership, this being that they assume leadership because they like to lead other people and they feel accomplished by it.
- Evaluation of the relationship between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and skeletal malocclusion : a pilot studyPublication . Pereira, Dinis; Machado, Vanessa; Botelho, João; Proença, Luís; Delgado, Ana; Mendes, José João
- Ortodontia plástica - conceito e diferentes sistemasPublication . Pereira, Dinis; Fernandes, Margarida; Gaudêncio, Filipa; Retto, Paulo Fernandes; Delgado, Ana SintraA necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico, na maioria dos pacientes, prende-se com a procura de alinhamento dentário ou de estética facial. A pouca popularidade dos aparelhos fixos tradicionais metálicos entre os pacientes deve-se ao reduzido sentido estético e receio de dor. Os aparelhos plásticos transparentes são uma boa alternativa (especialmente em jovens adultos com dentição permanente) para proceder ao tratamento ortodôntico, na medida em que não levantam tantas questões estéticas. Porém, há sistemas de ortodontia plástica que apresentam limitações e apenas tratam casos simples a nível anterior ou recidivas após tratamento ortodôntico. Existem assim vários sistemas que conseguem corrigir diversos tipos de maloclusões mais severas, mas o clínico tem que estar ciente sempre das limitações e decidir qual o sistema viável para proceder ao tratamento com ortodontia plástica.