Percorrer por autor "Fernhall, Bo"
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- Arterial stiffness following endurance and resistance exercise sessions in older patients with coronary artery diseasePublication . Santos, Vanessa; Massuça, Luís Miguel; Angarten, Vitor; Melo, Xavier; Pinto, Rita; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, HelenaArterial stiffness (AS) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Acute endurance training decreases AS, whereas acute resistance training increases it. However, these results are from studies in apparently healthy adults, and there is no information on the effects of such afterload AS in elderly patients with CAD. We aimed to investigate the effect of acute endurance or resistance training on the time course of changes in the indices of AS in elderly patients with CAD in order to understand how stiffness responds after training. We tested 18 trained men with CAD. AS was measured using central and peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV) after 15 min of rest and after 5, 15, and 30 min of endurance and resistance training sessions. The endurance session consisted of high-intensity interval walking at 85–90% of maximum heart rate, and the resistance session consisted of 70% of the maximum of one repetition. An interaction effect was found for central and peripheral PWV (p ≤ 0.001; carotid, η2 = 0.72; aortic, η2 = 0.90; femoral, η2 = 0.74), which was due to an increase in PWV after resistance and a decrease in central and peripheral PWV after endurance. This study demonstrates that training mode influences the time course of AS responses to acute exercise in these patients. Acute endurance training decreased AS, whereas resistance training significantly increased it.
- Arterial stiffness response to acute combined training with different volumes in coronary artery disease and heart failure patientsPublication . Santos, Vanessa; Massuça, Luís Miguel; Angarten, Vítor; Melo, Xavier; Pinto, Rita; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, HelenaResistance training has been shown to acutely increase arterial stiffness (AS), while endurance training appears to decrease AS. However, the findings are from studies in apparently healthy subjects and have limited applicability to patients at low and high cardiovascular risk, for whom combined exercise is recommended. We compared the time course of changes in local and regional indices of AS in response to high-volume combined endurance training (CET) and high-volume combined resistance training (CRT) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). We studied 20 men with CAD and HF (10 each) aged 68.3 ± 9.6 years. AS was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and brachial and central blood pressure (BP) were determined after 15 min of rest and 5 and 15 min after the exercise session. All patients completed two sessions on nonconsecutive days. A protocol by time interaction effect was observed for carotid (η2 = 0.21, p = 0.02), aortic (η2 = 0.60, p < 0.001), and femoral (η2 = 0.46, p = 0.01) PWV after CET and CRT, suggesting that PWV decreased after CET and increased after CRT. Decreases in the brachial and central variables of BP across time points were observed in both protocols. CET decreased whereas CRT increased carotid, aortic, and femoral PWV at 15 min after exercise in patients with CAD and HF.
- Effects of kettlebell swing training on cardiorespiratory and metabolic demand to a simulated competition in young female artistic gymnastsPublication . Melo, Xavier; Arrais, Inês; Marôco, João Luís; Ribeiro, Pedro Neto; Nabais, Sara; Coelho, Raquel; Reis, Joana; Angarten, Vítor; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, HelenaWe examined the effects of adding a Kettlebell Swing training program (KB) to the regular skill-training protocol (REGULAR) on cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiorespiratory/metabolic demand, and recovery to a simulated competition of female artistic gymnastics. Nine gymnasts (13±2 years) had their REGULAR complemented with a 4-week kettlebell training (REGULAR+KB), consisting of 3 sessions/week of 12x30” swings x 30” rest with ¼ of their body weight, while 9 aged-matched gymnasts acted as a comparison group. Peak oxygen uptake () during routines was estimated from the O2 recovery curve using backward extrapolation and off-kinetics parameters were modeled through a mono-exponential function. Heart rate (HR) was monitored continuously and capillary blood lactate (BLa-) was measured before and after each routine (1st and 3rd min). Cardiorespiratory fitness () was evaluated using a ramp cycle ergometer test. A training-by-time interaction effect was observed for (p = 0.009) as increments were only observed after REGULAR+KB (M = 8.85, SD = 9.67 ml.kg.min-1). No training-by-time interactions were observed for HRpeak (p = 0.39), (p = 0.07), or La-post3 (p = 0.25), both training protocols reduced HRpeak (M = -12; SD = 11 b.min-1) and BLa-post1 (M = -0.70; SD = 1.29 mmol.L-1) during the simulated competition, but not relative . No training-by-time interaction was observed for the off-transient time constant (p = 0.38). recovery was slower (M = 5; SD = 10 s) after both protocols. Both training protocols improved cardiorespiratory and metabolic demands and recovery kinetics to a simulated competition of female artistic gymnastics, although increases in cardiorespiratory fitness were only observed in REGULAR+KB.
- Impacto do exercício físico combinado na percepção do estado de saúde da pessoa com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónicaPublication . Pereira, Ângela Maria; Santa-Clara, Helena; Pereira, Ernesto; Simões, Sérgio; Remédios, Índia; Cardoso, João; Brito, José; Cabri, Jan; Fernhall, Bo"Objectivo: O objectivo do estudo consistiu em avaliar a eficácia de um programa de treino combinado (exercícios aeróbios e exercícios de força muscular dinâmica) comparativamente com um programa de treino aeróbio, e de fisioterapia respiratória, ao nível do estado de saúde de indivíduos com DPOC, durante 10 semanas. Métodos: Cinquenta indivíduos com DPOC moderada e grave foram distribuídos aleatoriamente por dois grupos. Grupo CG (n=25) submetido a treino combinado, grupo AG (n=25) submetido a treino aeróbio, os quais foram comparados com cinquenta indivíduos com DPOC, que realizaram exercícios de reeducação respiratória e técnicas de desobstrução brônquica, grupo FR (n=50). Foi avaliado o estado de saúde através de Questionário do Hospital St. George na Doença Respiratória (SGRQ) e do Questionário SF -36 no início da intervenção e 10 semanas após. Resultados: O grupo CG apresentou diferenças (p<0,0001) nas taxas de modificação no estado de saúde relativamente, aos grupos AG e FR, nos domínios da actividade (64±9%; 19±7%;1±15%), impacto (35±5%; 20±18%; 1±14%), e total (41±9%; 26±17%; 1±15%), avaliados pelo SGRQ; e nas dimensões da função física (109±74%; 22±12%; 0,1±18%), desempenho físico (52±36%; 11±15%; 1,3±21%) e vitalidade (83±39%; 14±38%) avaliadas pelo SF -36. Conclusão: Estes resultados sugerem que o treino combinado, em indivíduos com DPOC, parece ser um método mais eficaz, que promoveu alterações clinicamente significativas, com uma melhoria ao nível da percepção do estado de saúde."
- Intra and inter-rater repeatability of brachial artery ultrasound estimates of flow-mediated slowing and flow-mediated dilationPublication . Marôco, João Luís; Silvestre, Tiago; Arrais, Inês; Pinto, Marco; Santa-Clara, Helena; Fernhall, Bo; Melo, XavierFlow-mediated slowing (FMS) is a non-invasive measure of endothelial function measured through reactive hyperemia-induced changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV). FMS is suggested to mitigate known pitfalls of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) including suboptimal repeatability and high-operator dependency. However, the few single-rater studies that examined FMS repeatability have shown controversial results and used only regional measurements of PWV, which might not reflect local brachial artery stiffness responses to reactive hyperemia. We assessed the inter- and intra-rater repeatability of ultrasound-based changes in local PWV (FMS) and diameter (FMD). Twenty-four healthy male participants aged 23–75 yr, were examined on two separate days. Reactive hyperemia-induced changes in PWV were calculated using a tailored R-script. The inter- and intra-rater repeatability were tested with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and the Bland-Altman plot estimates. The inter-rater repeatability of FMS (bias: -0.08%; ICC: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.93; CV: 11%) and FMD (bias: -0.02%; ICC: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97 to 0.99; CV: 7%) showed overall good repeatability over different days. The intra-rater repeatability of FMD (1st rater: bias: 0.27%; ICC: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.96; CV: 14%; 2nd rater: bias: 0.60%; ICC: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.94; CV: 18%) was better than FMS (1st rater: bias: -1.03%; ICC: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.91; CV: 21%; 2nd rater: bias:-0.49%; ICC: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.80; CV: 23%) but not different between raters. Ultrasound-based local measurements of PWV deceleration reactive hyperemia were repeatable among the raters.
- Six vs three months of combined exercise training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePublication . Pereira, Ângela Maria; Santa-Clara, Helena; Pereira, Ernesto; Simões, Sérgio; Carrão, Luís; Remédios, Índia; Cabri, Jan; Fernhall, Bo
- The effectiveness of combined aerobic and resistance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePublication . Pereira, Ângela; Santa-Clara, Helena; Simões, Sérgio; Meneses, Fernando; Vieira, Jorge; Remédios, Índia; Cabri, Jan; Fernhall, Bo