Estimating ventilation rates in a window-aired room using Kalman filtering and considering uncertain measurements of occupancy and CO2 concentration

Duarte, Rogério; Gomes, Maria da Glória; Rodrigues, António Moret

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/28092

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Authors

Duarte, Rogério

Gomes, Maria da Glória

Rodrigues, António Moret

Abstract(s)

This paper describes a method for estimating ventilation rates in a window-aired room considering “in-use” conditions and uncertainty in occupancy (CO2 release) and in measurements of indoor air CO2 concentration. Estimates are drawn from indoor air mass conservation principles and an Extended Kalman Filter, serving as state observer. The modelling procedure is described and tested against synthetic time series generated from pseudorandom values of occupancy and ventilation rate. Additionally, data collected from a case study (a window-aired classroom) is used to illustrate how the procedure is applied and its practical interest. Test results confirm the state observer’s tracking capability and confirm its ability to reconstruct ventilation rates in the presence of sudden changes caused by window opening/ closing and intermittent occupancy. Results for the case study highlight the benefits to designers and ultimately to occupants, derived from knowledge of ventilation rates in window-aired rooms.

Keywords

Natural ventilation Window airing Manual opening of windows Extended Kalman Filter State observer School classroom

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/28092

Citation

Duarte, R., Gomes, M. G. & Rodrigues, A. M. (2018). stimating ventilation rates in a window-aired room using Kalman filtering and considering uncertain measurements of occupancy and CO2 concentration. Building and Environment, 143, pp. 691-700. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.07.016