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O presente estudo analisa o conflito jurídico entre o dever funcional imposto aos polícias da Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) de relatar o uso de arma de fogo e o direito fundamental ao silêncio, decorrente do princípio nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare. A investigação adota uma metodologia jurídico-dogmática e documental, analisando legislação, doutrina e jurisprudência, incluindo decisões do Tribunal Europeu dos Direitos Humanos e da jurisprudência nacional. Verifica-se que, embora a Constituição da República Portuguesa (art. 32.º) e o Código de Processo Penal assegurem robusta proteção contra a autoincriminação, a prática operacional da PSP — concretizada na Norma de Execução Permanente (NEP n.º OPSEG/DEPOP/01/05, 2021) — impõe a elaboração imediata de autos e relatórios, muitas vezes antes da constituição formal do polícia como arguido. Esta realidade cria um dilema entre a accountability institucional e a salvaguarda de direitos fundamentais. O estudo propõe soluções como a constituição imediata do polícia como arguido, o diferimento ou delegação do relato, a avaliação hierárquica posterior, o uso generalizado de bodycams e o acesso imediato a assistência jurídica.
This study analyses the legal conflict between the functional duty imposed on police officers of the Portuguese police - Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) - to report the use of firearms and the fundamental right to remain silent, devired from the principle nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare. The research follows a legal-dogmatic and documentary methodology, analyzing legislation, legal doctrine and case law, including decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and Portuguese jurisprudence. It finds that although the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (Art. 32) and the Code of Criminal Procedure provide strong protection against self-incrimination, the PSP’s operational practice — embodied in the Operational Guideline (NEP No. OPSEG/DEPOP/01/05, 2021) — requires officers to prepare immediate reports, often before they are formally constituted as defendants (arguidos). This reality creates a tension between institutional accountability and the safeguarding of fundamental rights. The study proposes measures such as the immediate constitution of the officer as a defendant, postponing or delegating the initial report, conducting hierarchical assessment at a later stage, expanding the effective use of bodycams, and guaranteeing immediate access to legal assistance.
This study analyses the legal conflict between the functional duty imposed on police officers of the Portuguese police - Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) - to report the use of firearms and the fundamental right to remain silent, devired from the principle nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare. The research follows a legal-dogmatic and documentary methodology, analyzing legislation, legal doctrine and case law, including decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and Portuguese jurisprudence. It finds that although the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (Art. 32) and the Code of Criminal Procedure provide strong protection against self-incrimination, the PSP’s operational practice — embodied in the Operational Guideline (NEP No. OPSEG/DEPOP/01/05, 2021) — requires officers to prepare immediate reports, often before they are formally constituted as defendants (arguidos). This reality creates a tension between institutional accountability and the safeguarding of fundamental rights. The study proposes measures such as the immediate constitution of the officer as a defendant, postponing or delegating the initial report, conducting hierarchical assessment at a later stage, expanding the effective use of bodycams, and guaranteeing immediate access to legal assistance.
Descrição
Trabalho individual final do Curso de Comando e Direção Policial
Palavras-chave
uso de arma de fogo dever de relato direito ao silêncio nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare accountability institucional use of firearms reporting duty right to silence institutional accountability.
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC