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Aceitação de alunos com NEE pela turma: Um contributo para o debate sobre a inclusão
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Abstract(s)
A inclusão tem sido legislada por diversos países, incluindo Portugal. Os seus princípios defendem que todas as crianças e jovens aprendam juntos. Inúmeras vantagens têm sido apontadas para a inclusão dos alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), nomeadamente associadas à socialização. Contudo, paralelamente, têm sido apontadas algumas dificuldades pelos estudos que indicam que os alunos com NEE são menos aceites que os seus pares. Nesse sentido é importante conhecer o grau de aceitação dos alunos com NEE e como são estabelecidas amizades entre os alunos com NEE e os seus pares com desenvolvimento normotípico. Para isso foi desenvolvido um estudo sociométrico. A amostra envolveu 60 alunos pertencentes a três turmas de 7º ano de uma escola pública da grande Lisboa. Os resultados indicam que em termos gerais, à exceção dos alunos disléxicos, os alunos com NEE são menos aceites e desenvolvem menos amizades do que os seus colegas sem NEE nas três turmas, o que vai ao encontro aos resultados de vários estudos. A aceitação e as amizades revelaram-se mais fortemente associadas com a autonomia, a mobilidade e a comunicação mas também com o desenvolvimento interpessoal e cognitivo. Apesar de menos evidente, também parece haver alguma associação com o currículo e conhecimento da turma.
The inclusion has been legislated by various countries, including Portugal. Its principles advocate that all children and young people should learn together. Numerous advantages have been identified for inclusion of pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN), particularly advantages associated with socialization. However, at the same time, many difficulties have been identified by studies that indicate that pupils with SEN are not easily accepted by regular peers. In this sense it is important to know the degree of acceptance of students with SEN and how friendships are established between students with SEN and their non-SEN peers. For this we developed a sociometric study. The sample included 60 students belonging to three classes of 7th grade at a public school in Greater Lisbon. The results indicate that in general, except for dyslexic students, pupils with SEN are less accepted and develop fewer friendships than their peers without SEN in the three classes. These results are consistent with the results from several other studies. The acceptance and friendships have been more strongly associated with the autonomy, mobility and communication as well as with interpersonal and cognitive development. Although less obvious, an association with the curriculum and knowledge of the class was also observed.
The inclusion has been legislated by various countries, including Portugal. Its principles advocate that all children and young people should learn together. Numerous advantages have been identified for inclusion of pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN), particularly advantages associated with socialization. However, at the same time, many difficulties have been identified by studies that indicate that pupils with SEN are not easily accepted by regular peers. In this sense it is important to know the degree of acceptance of students with SEN and how friendships are established between students with SEN and their non-SEN peers. For this we developed a sociometric study. The sample included 60 students belonging to three classes of 7th grade at a public school in Greater Lisbon. The results indicate that in general, except for dyslexic students, pupils with SEN are less accepted and develop fewer friendships than their peers without SEN in the three classes. These results are consistent with the results from several other studies. The acceptance and friendships have been more strongly associated with the autonomy, mobility and communication as well as with interpersonal and cognitive development. Although less obvious, an association with the curriculum and knowledge of the class was also observed.
Description
Keywords
Inclusão Necessidades Educativas Especiais Sociometria Aceitação Social Amizade Inclusion Special Educational Needs Sociometry Social Acceptance Friendship