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Cães Detetores de Vida Selvagem. Utilidade e eficácia no combate ao tráfico de espécies protegidas
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O tráfico de espécies protegidas representa nos dias de hoje o terceiro maior comércio ilegal no mundo. Portugal, pela sua posição geográfica e relações privilegiadas
com o Brasil e Africa, representa uma preferencial “porta de entrada” de espécies protegidas para a Europa e Ásia.
No final de 2012, foi criado no Grupo de Intervenção Cinotécnico da GNR o projeto “K9 CITES”, cuja missão é o treino e empenhamento operacional de cães de deteção de vida selvagem.
Este estudo pretende comprovar a utilidade e eficácia desses meios na deteção de
espécies protegidas, enquadrando-o na perceção dos processos de combate ao tráfico de espécies CITES em Portugal através das entidades competentes e através da avaliação da potencialidade do cão de deteção como medida de combate a este crime ambiental.
Para determinar a utilidade dos cães foi necessário caracterizar o comércio ilegal de
espécies protegidas em Portugal com base na análise dos relatórios anuais das apreensões, confirmada por entrevistas com representantes das entidades com competência de fiscalização no âmbito CITES. Quanto à sua eficácia, foi efetuada a análise das avaliações dos cães de deteção de odores CITES em ambiente controlado tal como em empenhamento operacional.
Ficou provado neste estudo que os meios cinotécnicos representam o único r ecurso
eficaz na deteção de espécies CITES em Portugal, evidenciando grandes potencialidades ao nível da capacidade de discriminação dos diversos odores de espécies protegidas e do
empenhamento em diversos locais de fiscalização e em operações conjuntas co m entidades com competência CITES, constituindo-se como um recurso fundamental no combate ao comércio ilegal de espécie protegidas.
Abstract The trafficking of protected species is today the third lar gest illegal trade in the world. Because of its geographical position and privileged relations with Brazil and Africa, Portugal represents a preferred "entrance" of protected species to Europe and Asia. At the end of 2012, was created in the GNR`s Grupo de Intervenção Cinotécnico the “K9 CITES” programme, whose mission is the training and operational employment of wildlife detector dogs. This study has the objective to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of the wildlife detector dogs, by the perception of the CITES trafficking species combat processes in Portugal by competent authorities and the evaluating of detector dog potential as a measure to combat this environmental crime. To determine the usefulness of dogs was necessary to characterize the protected species illegal trade in Portugal, based on the analysis of the annual reports of seizures, confirmed by interviews with representatives of organizations with control CITES responsibilities. As to effectiveness, it was conducted evaluations of CITES detector dogs in a controlled environment such as in operational engagement. It was proved in this study that wildlife detector dogs represent the only effective resource to detect CITES species in Portugal, showing great potential in terms of the capacity to discriminate different protected species odors and service at various monitoring locations and in joint operations with CITES authorities, establishing itself as a key resource in the fight against protected species illegal trade.
Abstract The trafficking of protected species is today the third lar gest illegal trade in the world. Because of its geographical position and privileged relations with Brazil and Africa, Portugal represents a preferred "entrance" of protected species to Europe and Asia. At the end of 2012, was created in the GNR`s Grupo de Intervenção Cinotécnico the “K9 CITES” programme, whose mission is the training and operational employment of wildlife detector dogs. This study has the objective to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of the wildlife detector dogs, by the perception of the CITES trafficking species combat processes in Portugal by competent authorities and the evaluating of detector dog potential as a measure to combat this environmental crime. To determine the usefulness of dogs was necessary to characterize the protected species illegal trade in Portugal, based on the analysis of the annual reports of seizures, confirmed by interviews with representatives of organizations with control CITES responsibilities. As to effectiveness, it was conducted evaluations of CITES detector dogs in a controlled environment such as in operational engagement. It was proved in this study that wildlife detector dogs represent the only effective resource to detect CITES species in Portugal, showing great potential in terms of the capacity to discriminate different protected species odors and service at various monitoring locations and in joint operations with CITES authorities, establishing itself as a key resource in the fight against protected species illegal trade.
Description
Keywords
cães detetores espécies protegidas tráfico de espécies Convenção sobre o Comércio Internacional das Espécies da Fauna e da Flora Selvagens Ameaçadas de Extinção utilidade eficácia
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino