Age-related differences in the presentation, management, and outcomes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding : a retrospective multinational cohort study

Background: Population ageing in Europe is reshaping the clinical profile and outcomes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB), but age-related comparative data remain scarce. We aimed to compare clinical presentation, management and 30-day outcomes between older and younger adults with LGIB. Methods: This retrospective, multinational, cohort study included consecutive adults presenting to emergency departments with LGIB between January 1 and December 31 in 2024. European hospitals routinely managing LGIB were eligible to participate. Ethical approval was obtained at hospital level. Patients were categorised in two age groups (≥65 and <65 years). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Findings: Overall, 1058 patients from 11 centres in seven European countries were included. Of these, 77.3% (818/1058) were aged ≥65 years and demonstrated a higher Oakland (21.0 ± 7.15), ABC (4.0 ± 2.9), and ALIBI (8.94 ± 3.7) scores, and a higher transfusion rate (50.9%, 416/818). Aetiology differed by age, with anorectal and inflammatory bowel diseases more common in younger adults and diverticular bleeding predominating in older patients. Endoscopy was performed in most patients (84.9%, 899/1058) and the rates of endoscopic therapy, interventional radiology, and surgery were similar across groups. Overall, 30-day mortality was 11.7% (124/1058) and was higher in older adults (13.7%, 112/818 versus 5.0%, 12/240), mainly due to non-bleeding-related causes (89.3%, 100/112). In multivariable analyses, ALIBI score (OR = 1.26 per-point, 95% CI 1.14–1.39), ABC score (OR = 1.25 per-point, 95% CI 1.15–1.36), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 1.25 per-point, 95% CI 1.14–1.37) were independently associated with 30-day mortality (p < 0.001). Age was inversely associated with intensive care unit admission (OR = 0.95 per-year, 95% CI 0.92–0.98; p = 0.0028). Interpretation: LGIB in older adults presents distinct clinical features with more severe bleeding. Higher baseline vulnerability might explain the age-related differences in escalation of care and worse outcomes. This supports the need for better integrated pathways of care in ageing European populations.

Palavras-chave

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding Ageing Multimorbidity Mortality

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/63870

Citação

Francisco Vara-Luiz, Carolina Palma, Paulo Mascarenhas, Tony C. Tham, Marianna Arvanitakis, Enrique Rodriguez-de-Santiago, Isabel Pedroto, Diogo Simas, Franco Radaelli, Marine Camus, Paraskevas Gkolfakis, Konstantinos Triantafyllou, Carlo Fabbri, Marta Patita, Erica Tan, Ellen Campbell, Michael Smyth, Hannah Beattie, Ravish Seeruthun, Alia Hadefi, Gabriela Rodríguez-Francisco, João Pedro Paulo, Luísa Gonçalves, Isabel Caetano, Alberto Savino, Marie Goudot, Antonia Panagaki, Eleni Koukoulioti, Maroulla Nikolaki, Giulia Gibiino, Alberto Gattuso, Ivo Mendes, Francisco Piçarra, Jorge Fonseca, Age-related differences in the presentation, management, and outcomes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective multinational cohort study, The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Volume 68, 2026, 101775, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2026.101775

Editora

Elsevier

DOI

10.1016/j.lanepe.2026.101775

Coleções

EM - Artigos Científicos

Licença CC

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