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Esta dissertação investiga o papel das redes sociais X e TikTok na radicalização polĆtica dos jovens eleitores portugueses (18-34 anos), tomando o partido Chega como caso de estudo. AtravĆ©s de uma metodologia mista ā que combina a anĆ”lise de conteĆŗdo de 100 publicaƧƵes do partido com um inquĆ©rito a 202 jovens ā, o estudo revela uma estratĆ©gia populista digital sofisticada e āplatform-specificā. No X, o Chega adota um registo confrontacional, assente em frames episódicos e tom negativo (84%); no TikTok, privilegia um enquadramento temĆ”tico e um formato vĆdeo, mantendo, contudo, um tom maioritariamente negativo (78%).
Os resultados do inquĆ©rito identificam um paradoxo crucial: embora a condição de estudante se associe a menos populismo, o ensino superior correlaciona-se com uma maior predisposição para atitudes populistas, sugerindo um "capital cultural weaponizado". A anĆ”lise confirma ainda que o desinteresse em notĆcias polĆticas e uma elevada polarização afetiva sĆ£o preditores significativos de adesĆ£o a narrativas populistas. Conclui-se que a radicalização opera atravĆ©s de um cĆrculo vicioso: uma oferta comunicacional estratĆ©gica e adaptada encontra ressonĆ¢ncia numa procura juvenil marcada pelo desencanto e pela polarização. Estes resultados desafiam narrativas simplistas sobre o populismo digital e sublinham a urgĆŖncia de abordar este fenómeno enquanto desafio complexo para a democracia liberal portuguesa.
This dissertation investigates the role of X and TikTok in the political radicalization of young Portuguese voters (aged 18-34), using the Chega party as a case study. Through a mixed-method approach ā combining content analysis of 100 party publications with a survey of 202 young people ā the study reveals a sophisticated and "platform-specific" digital populist strategy. On X, Chega adopts a confrontational tone, relying on episodic frames and negative language (84%); on TikTok, it favors a thematic framework and video format, while still maintaining a predominantly negative tone (78%). The survey results identify a crucial paradox: although being a student is associated with less populism, higher education correlates with a greater predisposition to populist attitudes, suggesting a "weaponized cultural capital." The analysis further confirms that a lack of interest in political news and high affective polarization are significant predictors of adherence to populist narratives. It is concluded that radicalization operates through a vicious cycle: a strategic and adapted communicative supply resonates with a youth demand marked by disenchantment and polarization. These findings challenge simplistic narratives about digital populism and underscore the urgency of addressing this phenomenon as a complex challenge for Portuguese liberal democracy.
This dissertation investigates the role of X and TikTok in the political radicalization of young Portuguese voters (aged 18-34), using the Chega party as a case study. Through a mixed-method approach ā combining content analysis of 100 party publications with a survey of 202 young people ā the study reveals a sophisticated and "platform-specific" digital populist strategy. On X, Chega adopts a confrontational tone, relying on episodic frames and negative language (84%); on TikTok, it favors a thematic framework and video format, while still maintaining a predominantly negative tone (78%). The survey results identify a crucial paradox: although being a student is associated with less populism, higher education correlates with a greater predisposition to populist attitudes, suggesting a "weaponized cultural capital." The analysis further confirms that a lack of interest in political news and high affective polarization are significant predictors of adherence to populist narratives. It is concluded that radicalization operates through a vicious cycle: a strategic and adapted communicative supply resonates with a youth demand marked by disenchantment and polarization. These findings challenge simplistic narratives about digital populism and underscore the urgency of addressing this phenomenon as a complex challenge for Portuguese liberal democracy.
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Redes sociais jovens populismo polĆtica Chega radicalização desinformação Social media youth populism politics radicalization disinformation
