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O impacto da transformação digital na eficiência da Gestão da Logística Marítima: ótica PME
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| 2.48 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O transporte marítimo representa o principal meio de transporte de mercadorias a nível global, o que faz com que este tenha um papel bastante estratégico no comércio global. No entanto, enfrenta alguns desafios, tais como a crescente complexidade das cadeias de abastecimento, uma maior pressão por parte dos clientes, maior necessidade por parte das empresas de aumentar a eficiência operacional e temporal e a necessidade de adotar práticas sustentáveis. Neste contexto, a Transformação Digital surge como um fator determinante para a inovação e modernização do setor, com destaque nas PME, cuja capacidade de adaptação a estas mudanças pode ser decisiva para a sua competitividade, embora haja menos recursos disponíveis. O presente relatório tem como finalidade analisar o impacto da Transformação Digital na eficiência da gestão da Logística Marítima, com particular enfoque nas PME. Posto isto, foi elaborado um enquadramento teórico que aborda os principais conceitos de Logística Marítima, os intervenientes do setor e as tecnologias digitais emergentes, bem como os benefícios e desafios da sua adoção. Foram, de seguida, identificados exemplos práticos de implementação de tecnologias digitais em portos e cadeias de abastecimento internacionais já existentes, evidenciando a relevância das soluções digitais na modernização do setor. A investigação seguiu uma metodologia quantitativa, tendo sido desenvolvido e remetido um questionário aos colaboradores portugueses ligados à Logística Marítima. A análise estatística, desenvolvida com recurso ao software SPSS, permitiu avaliar a perceção dos colaboradores relativamente ao impacto das tecnologias digitais em diferentes dimensões, nomeadamente na rastreabilidade e transparência das operações, na sustentabilidade ambiental, entre outros. Foram ainda realizados cruzamentos de variáveis e testes de hipóteses. Os resultados obtidos confirmam as conclusões da literatura, ou seja, a tecnologia desempenha um papel fundamental na melhoria da eficiência operacional no setor, na integração dos processos logísticos, na sustentabilidade, na motivação, entre outros. É ainda possível destacar que, apesar dos altos custos de implementação e da resistência organizacional, a adoção de soluções digitais é altamente reconhecida como uma vantagem competitiva no setor. Conclui-se, assim, que a Transformação Digital é bastante importante, na medida em que acaba por ser um motor de inovação e melhora a eficiência na Logística Marítima, trazendo benefícios significativos para as empresas portuguesas. Futuras investigações poderão aprofundar o impacto de tecnologias específicas, fora do território português, e poderão ainda trabalhar com valores monetários, que é uma variável bastante importante.
Maritime transportation is the main means of transporting goods globally, which means it plays a highly strategic role in global trade. However, it faces a few challenges, such as the increasing complexity of supply chains, greater pressure from customers, a greater need for companies to increase operational and time efficiency, and the need to adopt sustainable practices. In this context, Digital Transformation emerges as a determining factor for innovation and modernization in the sector, with an emphasis on SMEs, whose ability to adapt to these changes can be decisive for their competitiveness, even though they have fewer resources available. The purpose of this report is to analyze the impact of Digital Transformation on the efficiency of maritime logistics management, with a particular focus on SMEs. That said, a theoretical framework was developed that addresses the main concepts of maritime logistics, the players in the sector, and emerging digital technologies, as well as the benefits and challenges of their adoption. Practical examples of the implementation of digital technologies in existing ports and international supply chains were then identified, highlighting the relevance of digital solutions in the modernization of the sector. The research followed a quantitative methodology, with a questionnaire being developed and sent to Portuguese employees linked to Maritime Logistics. Statistical analysis, carried out using SPSS software, made it possible to assess employees' perceptions of the impact of digital technologies in different areas, namely in the traceability and transparency of operations and environmental sustainability, among others. Variable cross-referencing and hypothesis testing were also performed. The results obtained confirm the conclusions of literature, i.e., technology plays a key role in improving operational efficiency in the sector, in the integration of logistics processes, in sustainability, in motivation, among others. It is also worth noting that, despite high implementation costs and organizational resistance, the adoption of digital solutions is highly recognized as a competitive advantage in the sector. It can therefore be concluded that Digital Transformation is extremely important, as it ultimately drives innovation and improves efficiency in maritime logistics, bringing significant benefits to Portuguese companies. However, to maximize results, it is essential to invest in training and ensure strategies to support technological implementation (promoting sustainability). Future research could further explore the impact of specific technologies outside Portugal and could also work with monetary values, which are a very important variable.
Maritime transportation is the main means of transporting goods globally, which means it plays a highly strategic role in global trade. However, it faces a few challenges, such as the increasing complexity of supply chains, greater pressure from customers, a greater need for companies to increase operational and time efficiency, and the need to adopt sustainable practices. In this context, Digital Transformation emerges as a determining factor for innovation and modernization in the sector, with an emphasis on SMEs, whose ability to adapt to these changes can be decisive for their competitiveness, even though they have fewer resources available. The purpose of this report is to analyze the impact of Digital Transformation on the efficiency of maritime logistics management, with a particular focus on SMEs. That said, a theoretical framework was developed that addresses the main concepts of maritime logistics, the players in the sector, and emerging digital technologies, as well as the benefits and challenges of their adoption. Practical examples of the implementation of digital technologies in existing ports and international supply chains were then identified, highlighting the relevance of digital solutions in the modernization of the sector. The research followed a quantitative methodology, with a questionnaire being developed and sent to Portuguese employees linked to Maritime Logistics. Statistical analysis, carried out using SPSS software, made it possible to assess employees' perceptions of the impact of digital technologies in different areas, namely in the traceability and transparency of operations and environmental sustainability, among others. Variable cross-referencing and hypothesis testing were also performed. The results obtained confirm the conclusions of literature, i.e., technology plays a key role in improving operational efficiency in the sector, in the integration of logistics processes, in sustainability, in motivation, among others. It is also worth noting that, despite high implementation costs and organizational resistance, the adoption of digital solutions is highly recognized as a competitive advantage in the sector. It can therefore be concluded that Digital Transformation is extremely important, as it ultimately drives innovation and improves efficiency in maritime logistics, bringing significant benefits to Portuguese companies. However, to maximize results, it is essential to invest in training and ensure strategies to support technological implementation (promoting sustainability). Future research could further explore the impact of specific technologies outside Portugal and could also work with monetary values, which are a very important variable.
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Keywords
Digitalização Logística Marítima PME Transformação Digital Transporte marítimo Digital Transformation Digitization Maritime Logistics Maritime Transportation SMEs