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O perfil do oficial do serviço de Estado-Maior na Grande Guerra
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Abstract(s)
Este texto pretende caraterizar o perfil do oficial do Serviço de Estado-Maior no período
da Grande Guerra. O Serviço de Estado-Maior foi criado em 1899, sendo herdeiro do Corpo
de Estado-Maior instituído em 1834. Até 1890 a formação dos oficiais deste Serviço ocorria
nos moldes das restantes Armas do Exército, mas a partir de 1891 passou a ser um curso
complementar, abrindo a todas as Armas do Exército. Os oficiais do Corpo de Estado-Maior
eram possuidores de uma formação académica acima da média para a época, pelo que os
capacitou para o desempenho de múltiplas funções, tanto militares como civis. Não era um
grupo que se limitava a planear e gerir, também comandavam Companhias, Batalhões e
Grupos, desempenhando missões de âmbito operacional. Desde a sua génese como Corpo
de Estado-Maior, o Serviço de Estado-Maior, sempre desempenhou um importante papel
no seio do Exército, incluindo nos momentos mais conturbados como o da Grande Guerra.
This article’s aim is to characterize the Portuguese General Staff Service officer’s profile during the Great War period. The General Staff Service was established in 1899, heir of the General Staff Corps established in 1834. Until 1890, the officers who constituted the Service were formed as the remaining Army bodies, in 1891 this course became complementary for the officers of the other bodies, granting them access to the General Staff Corps. The General Staff Service officers received an academic training, in the Military School, well above the time´s standard, granting them the ability to perform various types of functions, both military and civilian. These officers did not just plan and administrate, they also commanded Companies, Battalions and Groups thus performing operational missions. Since its inception as the General Staff Body, the General Staff Service has always played an important role within the Army, including in the most troubled times as the Great War period.
This article’s aim is to characterize the Portuguese General Staff Service officer’s profile during the Great War period. The General Staff Service was established in 1899, heir of the General Staff Corps established in 1834. Until 1890, the officers who constituted the Service were formed as the remaining Army bodies, in 1891 this course became complementary for the officers of the other bodies, granting them access to the General Staff Corps. The General Staff Service officers received an academic training, in the Military School, well above the time´s standard, granting them the ability to perform various types of functions, both military and civilian. These officers did not just plan and administrate, they also commanded Companies, Battalions and Groups thus performing operational missions. Since its inception as the General Staff Body, the General Staff Service has always played an important role within the Army, including in the most troubled times as the Great War period.
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Keywords
Estado-Maior I Guerra Mundial Perfil sociográfico Exército Português General Staff World War Sociographic profile Portuguese Army