Loading...
Publication
Boas práticas no controlo da invasora jacinto-de-água (“Pontederia crassipes”) através da valorização comocomposto agrícola
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.74 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Pontederia crassipes Mart. ou a sua sinonímia mais popular Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., planta
aquática flutuante pertencente à família Pontederiaceae e nativa da América do Sul, é popularmente
conhecida como "jacinto-de-água" e por outros nomes, tais como, jacinto aquático, aguapé, baronesa e
rainha dos lagos. Esta planta é uma espécie identificada como invasora em mais de 50 países e
encontrada em quase todos os continentes, adaptando-se facilmente a qualquer zona húmida, formando
densos tapetes flutuantes. Embora existam formas de controlo físico, químico ou biológico, possíveis
de serem aplicadas, todas apresentam limitações significativas e pouca eficácia. A compostagem do
jacinto-de-água para a produção de corretivos agrícolas orgânicos, surge como uma alternativa
sustentável de valorização desta invasora, devolvendo algum retorno económico aos elevados custos do
seu controlo físico (mecânico ou manual). O composto produzido é rico em nutrientes porque se trata
de uma planta bioacumuladora, reintegrando-se novamente estes nutrientes no sistema agrícola de onde
saíram, mitigando os impactos negativos dos constrangimentos causados pelo rápido desenvolvimento
desta invasora aquática. Este relatório detalha o trabalho desenvolvido durante o estágio no âmbito do
projeto BioComp-2.0, o qual visa a produção de compostos orgânicos biológicos para o controlo do
jacinto-de-água e a valorização de substratos agropecuários, florestais e agroindustriais. O projeto que
resulta da parceria entre as Escolas Superiores Agrárias do Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra e do
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, e a empresa Colina Generosa, elenca como uma das tarefas, a
elaboração de um guião de boas práticas para a transformação do jacinto-de-água em composto agrícola.
Com o guião pretende-se contribuir para uma gestão responsável desta invasora nos rios de Portugal,
mas também promover métodos de controlo eficientes que envolvam a conscientização política,
investimentos em novas tecnologias e recursos humanos e a participação ativa da população na
monitorização através da identificação e sinalização de novas manchas de jacinto-de-água. As práticas
desenvolvidas, se bem aplicadas, podem garantir a colheita, o transporte e a transformação segura desta
planta em composto orgânico agrícola, servindo como uma ferramenta para evitar ou minimizar a sua
propagação e melhorar a eficácia dos métodos de controlo. Além disso, estas práticas promovem o
envolvimento seguro dos agentes locais e poderão gerar um retorno económico significativo para a
região Centro de Portugal. No âmbito do estágio foi reunida e organizada informação legislativa e
técnica, que servirá de base de trabalhos para a concretização de guiões de exploração e transformação
segura do jacinto-água
Pontederia crassipes Mart. or its more popular synonym Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., a floating aquatic plant belonging to the Pontederiaceae family and native to South America, is popularly known as “water hyacinth” and by other names such as baroness and queen of the lakes. This plant has been identified as an invasive species in more than 50 countries and is found on almost every continent. It adapts easily to any wetland, forming dense floating mats. Although there are forms of physical, chemical or biological control that can be applied, they all have significant limitations and little effectiveness. Composting water hyacinth for the production of organic agricultural correctives is a sustainable alternative for making the most of this invasive weed, giving some economic return on the high costs of its physical control (mechanical or manual). The compost produced is rich in nutrients because it is a bioaccumulator plant, and these nutrients are reintegrated back into the agricultural system from which they came, mitigating the negative impacts of the constraints caused by the rapid development of this aquatic invasive. This report details the work carried out during the internship as part of the BioComp-2.0 project, which aims to produce biological organic compounds to control water hyacinth and to create value for agricultural, forestry and agroindustrial substrates. The project, which is the result of a partnership between the Higher Agricultural Schools of the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra and the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, and the company Colina Generosa, lists as one of its tasks the drafting of a guide to good practices for transforming water hyacinth into agricultural compost. The aim of the guide is to contribute to the responsible management of this invasive species in Portugal's rivers, but also to promote efficient control methods that involve political awareness, investment in new technologies and human resources and the active participation of the population in monitoring by identifying and signposting new patches of water hyacinth. The practices developed, if well applied, can guarantee the safe harvesting, transport and transformation of this plant into organic agricultural compost, serving as a tool to prevent or minimize its spread and improve the effectiveness of control methods. In addition, these practices promote the safe involvement of local agents and could generate a significant economic return for the Central region of Portugal. As part of the internship, legislative and technical information was gathered and organized, which will serve as the basis for work to create guides for the safe exploitation and processing of water hyacinth
Pontederia crassipes Mart. or its more popular synonym Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., a floating aquatic plant belonging to the Pontederiaceae family and native to South America, is popularly known as “water hyacinth” and by other names such as baroness and queen of the lakes. This plant has been identified as an invasive species in more than 50 countries and is found on almost every continent. It adapts easily to any wetland, forming dense floating mats. Although there are forms of physical, chemical or biological control that can be applied, they all have significant limitations and little effectiveness. Composting water hyacinth for the production of organic agricultural correctives is a sustainable alternative for making the most of this invasive weed, giving some economic return on the high costs of its physical control (mechanical or manual). The compost produced is rich in nutrients because it is a bioaccumulator plant, and these nutrients are reintegrated back into the agricultural system from which they came, mitigating the negative impacts of the constraints caused by the rapid development of this aquatic invasive. This report details the work carried out during the internship as part of the BioComp-2.0 project, which aims to produce biological organic compounds to control water hyacinth and to create value for agricultural, forestry and agroindustrial substrates. The project, which is the result of a partnership between the Higher Agricultural Schools of the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra and the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, and the company Colina Generosa, lists as one of its tasks the drafting of a guide to good practices for transforming water hyacinth into agricultural compost. The aim of the guide is to contribute to the responsible management of this invasive species in Portugal's rivers, but also to promote efficient control methods that involve political awareness, investment in new technologies and human resources and the active participation of the population in monitoring by identifying and signposting new patches of water hyacinth. The practices developed, if well applied, can guarantee the safe harvesting, transport and transformation of this plant into organic agricultural compost, serving as a tool to prevent or minimize its spread and improve the effectiveness of control methods. In addition, these practices promote the safe involvement of local agents and could generate a significant economic return for the Central region of Portugal. As part of the internship, legislative and technical information was gathered and organized, which will serve as the basis for work to create guides for the safe exploitation and processing of water hyacinth
Description
Keywords
Espécie Invasoras Jacinto-de água Controle de invasoras Compostagem Bio composto