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O bullying nas escolas: O contributo da GNR na sua prevenção
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Abstract(s)
A violência escolar, apesar de sempre ter existido, assume-se como uma das grandes problemáticas da nossa sociedade atualmente. Todos estes acontecimentos relacionados com a violência nas escolas são alvo de uma crescente visibilidade mediática e social. A violência escolar compreende diferentes expressões entre as quais se destaca o bullying. Esta forma de violência entre pares caracteriza-se pela sua persistência no tempo e por incorporar uma diferença de poder entre a vítima e o agressor. Embora seja um problema grave, as escolas deparam-se com dificuldades para detetar e sinalizar os jovens que são vítimas deste fenómeno.
É neste sentido que a Guarda Nacional Republicana tem focado os seus esforços na prevenção destes comportamentos junto da comunidade escolar. As Secções dos Programas Especiais foram concebidas para atender aos problemas que se passam nas escolas e os militares destas secções tem um papel fundamental de modo a criar um sentimento de segurança. Este sentimento de segurança é transversal a toda a comunidade escolar onde se incluem os alunos, os professores, os diretores das escolas e os encarregados de educação.
O presente estudo pretende esboçar as características do fenómeno bullying e verificar de que forma é que a Guarda Nacional Republicana atua na prevenção destes comportamentos. Como ponto de partida elaborou-se a seguinte questão central: “Que modalidades de ação desenvolve a GNR relativamente ao combate ao bullying nas escolas?”. A partir desta questão central formularam-se questões derivadas, que deram origem às hipóteses.
Para a recolha de dados no trabalho de campo, recorreu-se à análise documental de fontes internas e externas e à realização de entrevistas a vários elementos da Guarda Nacional Republicana e profissionais de várias instituições que trabalham no âmbito da prevenção da violência escolar.
Os resultados permitem concluir que o bullying é um fenómeno que afeta toda a comunidade escolar. A Guarda Nacional Republicana, através do Programa Escola Segura, contribui substancialmente para fazer face a essa realidade e desenvolve ações expressamente orientadas para combater a violência nas escolas. Os Programas Especiais adotam um modelo de policiamento de proximidade, fazendo com que toda a comunidade contribua na resolução dos seus problemas. Todavia, também se apurou a necessidade de especializar os militares com funções nestes programas.
School violence, though it always existed, is one of the major problems of our society nowadays. All these events related to violence in schools are the target of a growing media and social visibility. School violence comprises different expressions which bullying is the one that stands out the most. This form of violence among peers is characterized by its persistence in time and incorporate a power difference between the victim and the aggressor. Although it is a serious problem, schools are faced with difficulties to detect and signal the young people who are victims of this phenomenon. It is in this sense that the Guarda Nacional Republicana has focused its efforts in the prevention of these behaviors near the school proximity. The sections of the special programs are designed to meet the problems that go on in schools and the elements of these sections have a fundamental role in order to create a sense of security. This sense of security is across the entire school community including students, teachers, directors of schools and parents. The present study aims to outline the characteristics of bullying phenomenon and check how does the Guarda Nacional Republicana plays in the prevention of these behaviors. As a starting point the question was: "What modes of action does the GNR develop to fight bullying in schools?”. From this central question we formulated derived questions, which gave rise to the chance. The data collection in the field work, appealed to the documental analysis of internal and external sources and conducting interviews with several elements of the Guarda Nacional Republicana and professionals from various institutions working in the field of prevention of school violence. The results allow us to conclude that bullying is a phenomenon that affects the whole school community. The Guarda Nacional Republicana, through the Safe School Program, contributes substantially to cope with this reality and develops actions expressly geared to fight violence in schools. Special programs adopt a proximity policing model, making the whole community to contribute in solving their problems. However, it also found the need to specialize the military with functions in these programs.
School violence, though it always existed, is one of the major problems of our society nowadays. All these events related to violence in schools are the target of a growing media and social visibility. School violence comprises different expressions which bullying is the one that stands out the most. This form of violence among peers is characterized by its persistence in time and incorporate a power difference between the victim and the aggressor. Although it is a serious problem, schools are faced with difficulties to detect and signal the young people who are victims of this phenomenon. It is in this sense that the Guarda Nacional Republicana has focused its efforts in the prevention of these behaviors near the school proximity. The sections of the special programs are designed to meet the problems that go on in schools and the elements of these sections have a fundamental role in order to create a sense of security. This sense of security is across the entire school community including students, teachers, directors of schools and parents. The present study aims to outline the characteristics of bullying phenomenon and check how does the Guarda Nacional Republicana plays in the prevention of these behaviors. As a starting point the question was: "What modes of action does the GNR develop to fight bullying in schools?”. From this central question we formulated derived questions, which gave rise to the chance. The data collection in the field work, appealed to the documental analysis of internal and external sources and conducting interviews with several elements of the Guarda Nacional Republicana and professionals from various institutions working in the field of prevention of school violence. The results allow us to conclude that bullying is a phenomenon that affects the whole school community. The Guarda Nacional Republicana, through the Safe School Program, contributes substantially to cope with this reality and develops actions expressly geared to fight violence in schools. Special programs adopt a proximity policing model, making the whole community to contribute in solving their problems. However, it also found the need to specialize the military with functions in these programs.
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Keywords
Bullying Violência escolar Secção de Programas Especiais Programa Escola Segura Policiamento de proximidade
Citation
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Academia Militar