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Breastfeeding as a strategic driver for One Health : a narrative review
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Breastfeeding is a renewable biological system that simultaneously advances human, environmental, and societal health. Human milk provides unparalleled nutrition and immunological protection, improving infant survival, neurodevelopment, and long-term metabolic outcomes, while reducing maternal risk of breast and ovarian cancer. However, and despite decades of evidence, only 48% of infants under six months are exclusively breastfed worldwide, and breastfeeding remains absent from most sustainability and One Health strategies. This narrative review synthesizes evidence demonstrating that breastfeeding functions as a low-carbon, zero-waste food system that avoids greenhouse gas emissions, land conversion, water consumption, and biodiversity loss linked to commercial milk formula production. At the societal level, breastfeeding reduces health-system costs, strengthens emergency resilience when supply chains fail, and generates long-term economic returns. By integrating evidence across human health, environmental impact and social determinants, this review positions breastfeeding as a strategic One Health intervention and a high-value investment for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals. Strengthening policy support—including protection against formula marketing, workplace accommodations, and expansion of baby-friendly systems—is essential to unlock breastfeeding’s potential for planetary and public health.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
breastfeeding One Health human health environmental health animal heath economic social
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Machado V, Regalo SCH, Ferreira LMA, Martinelli RLdC, Trawitzki LVV, Siéssere S, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. Breastfeeding as a Strategic Driver for One Health: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2025; 17(23):3766. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233766
Editora
MDPI