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Policiamento desportivo em Portugal: perceções sobre a atuação da PSP
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Face à crescente mediatização dos eventos desportivos, à intensificação do uso das redes sociais e ao escrutínio cada vez mais imediato da atuação policial, torna-se particularmente relevante compreender de que forma a intervenção da Polícia de Segurança Pública é percecionada pelos diferentes públicos que com ela contactam neste contexto. A presente dissertação analisa a perceção pública da atuação da PSP em eventos desportivos em Portugal, com enfoque na imagem da instituição junto de adeptos e/ou espectadores e de representantes de organizações desportivas, procurando avaliar se a presença policial é maioritariamente associada à promoção da segurança ou a uma lógica de controlo repressivo, bem como identificar os fatores que mais influenciam essa perceção. Para esse efeito, adotou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, não experimental e transversal, com recurso à aplicação de um questionário online a 251 participantes. Os resultados evidenciam que a atuação da PSP é globalmente percecionada de forma favorável, ainda que mais positivamente entre os representantes de organizações desportivas do que entre os adeptos e/ou espectadores, demonstrando-se que a imagem da PSP em contexto desportivo depende sobretudo da perceção de segurança, da justiça e proporcionalidade da intervenção, da clareza da comunicação policial e, no plano institucional, da qualidade da relação estabelecida com a polícia. Verificou-se ainda que variáveis de experiência e posicionamento no fenómeno, como o contacto direto com a PSP, a frequência de participação em eventos desportivos e a pertença a grupos organizados de adeptos, influenciam mais a perceção do que variáveis sociodemográficas clássicas. Conclui-se, assim, que a legitimidade da atuação da PSP em eventos desportivos não assenta apenas na eficácia do controlo, mas também na forma como essa atuação é vivida, comunicada e interpretada pelos diferentes públicos.
In light of the growing mediatization of sports events, the intensified use of social media, and the increasingly immediate public scrutiny of police action, it becomes particularly relevant to understand how the intervention of the Polícia de Segurança Pública is perceived by the different audiences who interact with it in this context. This dissertation examines public perceptions of PSP action at sports events in Portugal, focusing on the institution’s image among supporters and/or spectators and representatives of sports organizations, seeking to assess whether police presence is predominantly associated with the promotion of safety or with a logic of repressive control, as well as to identify the factors that most influence this perception. To this end, a quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional approach was adopted, based on the administration of an online questionnaire to 251 participants. The results show that PSP action is perceived overall in a favorable way, although more positively among representatives of sports organizations than among supporters and/or spectators, demonstrating that the PSP’s image in the sports context depends mainly on perceptions of safety, fairness and proportionality of intervention, clarity of police communication, and, at the institutional level, the quality of the relationship established with the police. It was also found that experiential and positional variables within the phenomenon, such as direct contact with the PSP, frequency of attendance at sports events, and membership in organized supporter groups, influence perception more than classical sociodemographic variables. It is therefore concluded that the legitimacy of PSP action at sports events rests not only on the effectiveness of control, but also on the way such action is experienced, communicated, and interpreted by different publics.
In light of the growing mediatization of sports events, the intensified use of social media, and the increasingly immediate public scrutiny of police action, it becomes particularly relevant to understand how the intervention of the Polícia de Segurança Pública is perceived by the different audiences who interact with it in this context. This dissertation examines public perceptions of PSP action at sports events in Portugal, focusing on the institution’s image among supporters and/or spectators and representatives of sports organizations, seeking to assess whether police presence is predominantly associated with the promotion of safety or with a logic of repressive control, as well as to identify the factors that most influence this perception. To this end, a quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional approach was adopted, based on the administration of an online questionnaire to 251 participants. The results show that PSP action is perceived overall in a favorable way, although more positively among representatives of sports organizations than among supporters and/or spectators, demonstrating that the PSP’s image in the sports context depends mainly on perceptions of safety, fairness and proportionality of intervention, clarity of police communication, and, at the institutional level, the quality of the relationship established with the police. It was also found that experiential and positional variables within the phenomenon, such as direct contact with the PSP, frequency of attendance at sports events, and membership in organized supporter groups, influence perception more than classical sociodemographic variables. It is therefore concluded that the legitimacy of PSP action at sports events rests not only on the effectiveness of control, but also on the way such action is experienced, communicated, and interpreted by different publics.
Descrição
Mestrado em Ciências Policiais – Curso de Formação de Oficiais de Policia
Palavras-chave
imagem institucional legitimidade policial perceção pública policiamento desportivo PSP. institutional image police legitimacy public perception sports policing.