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Publication
A Implementação de Câmaras Portáteis de Uso Individual na Guarda Nacional Republicana: Implicações e Boas Práticas
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Authors
Rebelo, Daniel
Abstract(s)
As câmaras portáteis de uso individual são câmaras de filmar instaladas no uniforme ou equipamento policial. Estas câmaras e a sua plataforma de gestão e armazenamento das gravações encontram-se em processo de aquisição em Portugal. Consequentemente, num futuro próximo, a Guarda Nacional Republicana vai ser equipada com esta tecnologia. Assim, torna-se essencial antecipar e analisar algumas das questões que a utilização deste tipo de câmaras implica junto da instituição e debater soluções para os potenciais problemas da sua implementação.
O presente trabalho de investigação aplicada, subordinado ao tema “A Implementação de Câmaras Portáteis de Uso Individual na Guarda Nacional Republicana: Implicações e Boas Práticas” tem como objetivo geral compreender quais serão as implicações da implementação de câmaras portáteis de uso individual na atividade policial da Guarda Nacional Republicana e, nesse seguimento, discutir soluções para solucionar os desafios inerentes.
Para atingir o objetivo da investigação, foi efetuada uma vasta revisão de literatura, com incidência nos Estados Unidos da América, no Reino Unido e em alguns países europeus que já utilizam esta tecnologia. Posteriormente, tive a oportunidade de me deslocar a Espanha, onde pude efetivamente visualizar e trabalhar com esta tecnologia na Guardia Civil, força congénere que já possui em utilização esta tecnologia. Além disso, também foi possível entrevistar militares da Guardia Civil que estão diretamente relacionados com a utilização das câmaras ou com a plataforma de gestão e armazenamento das gravações. Por fim, também foram recolhidos os contributos de um oficial da Gendarmerie Nationale francesa. Uma vez que a investigação incidiu sobretudo na observação direta e em inquéritos por entrevista, foi realizada uma abordagem de cariz qualitativa e com um raciocínio indutivo, pois, a partir da análise dos dados, identificaram-se padrões e tendências que podem ser generalizados na implementação desta tecnologia.
A partir de toda a informação recolhida, foi possível concluir que a implementação destas câmaras acarretará desafios. Desde logo, o porte e a fixação da câmara, a obrigatoriedade de ativar a gravação perante determinadas situações e os avisos verbais que se têm de efetuar. Além destes, também a necessidade de possuir uma estrutura interna responsável pelo tratamento das gravações.
No entanto, também surgem várias oportunidades com a utilização destes equipamentos, nomeadamente o aumento de cortesia, assertividade e colaboração entre os cidadãos e os militares, bem como uma diminuição de comportamentos agressivos. Além disso, quando bem fixadas e utilizadas, estas câmaras enquadram devidamente as situações, expondo os factos de forma imparcial. Na formação dos militares, a revisão das gravações pelos superiores responsáveis serve para orientar a formação de acordo com as necessidades evidenciadas pelos militares nas gravações.
Por fim, são de destacar as recomendações constantes no quadro n.º 3, que foram elaboradas com base em toda a investigação. Estas recomendações visam mitigar os desafios e fortalecer as oportunidades inerentes à implementação destas câmaras na Guarda Nacional Republicana.
Body-worn cameras are portable film cameras installed on police uniforms or equipment. These cameras and their platform for managing and storing recordings are in the process of being acquired in Portugal. Consequently, the National Republican Guard will be equipped with this technology soon. It is therefore essential to anticipate and analyse some of the issues that the use of this type of camera implies for the institution and to discuss solutions to the potential problems of its implementation. This applied research project, on the subject of “The Implementation of Body-worn cameras in the National Republican Guard: Implications and Good Practices”, has the general objective of understanding the implications of implementing body-worn cameras in the police activity of the National Republican Guard and, as a result, discussing solutions to resolve the inherent challenges. To achieve the research objective, a vast literature review was carried out, focusing on the United States of America, the United Kingdom and some European countries that already use this technology. Subsequently, I had the opportunity to travel to Spain, where I was able to visualise and work with this technology in the Guardia Civil, a similar force that already uses this technology. It was also possible to interview Guardia Civil military personnel who are directly involved in using the cameras or the platform for managing and storing the recordings. Finally, an officer from the French Gendarmerie Nationale also contributed. Since the research focused mainly on direct observation and interview surveys, a qualitative approach was taken, using inductive reasoning, since the analysis of the data identified patterns and trends that can be generalised in the implementation of this technology. From all the information gathered, it was possible to conclude that the implementation of these cameras will entail challenges. Firstly, the carrying and fixing of the camera, the obligation to activate the recording in certain situations and the verbal warnings that must be given. There is also the need to have an internal structure responsible for processing the recordings. However, there are also several opportunities with the use of this equipment, including an increase in courtesy, assertiveness and collaboration between citizens and the military, as well as a reduction in aggressive behaviour. What's more, when properly set up and used, these cameras properly frame situations and present the facts impartially. In military training, the review of the recordings by the superiors in charge serves to orientate the training according to the needs shown by the militaries in the recordings. Finally, I would like to highlight the recommendations in Table 3, which were drawn up based on all the research. These recommendations aim to mitigate the challenges and strengthen the opportunities inherent in implementing these cameras in the National Republican Guard.
Body-worn cameras are portable film cameras installed on police uniforms or equipment. These cameras and their platform for managing and storing recordings are in the process of being acquired in Portugal. Consequently, the National Republican Guard will be equipped with this technology soon. It is therefore essential to anticipate and analyse some of the issues that the use of this type of camera implies for the institution and to discuss solutions to the potential problems of its implementation. This applied research project, on the subject of “The Implementation of Body-worn cameras in the National Republican Guard: Implications and Good Practices”, has the general objective of understanding the implications of implementing body-worn cameras in the police activity of the National Republican Guard and, as a result, discussing solutions to resolve the inherent challenges. To achieve the research objective, a vast literature review was carried out, focusing on the United States of America, the United Kingdom and some European countries that already use this technology. Subsequently, I had the opportunity to travel to Spain, where I was able to visualise and work with this technology in the Guardia Civil, a similar force that already uses this technology. It was also possible to interview Guardia Civil military personnel who are directly involved in using the cameras or the platform for managing and storing the recordings. Finally, an officer from the French Gendarmerie Nationale also contributed. Since the research focused mainly on direct observation and interview surveys, a qualitative approach was taken, using inductive reasoning, since the analysis of the data identified patterns and trends that can be generalised in the implementation of this technology. From all the information gathered, it was possible to conclude that the implementation of these cameras will entail challenges. Firstly, the carrying and fixing of the camera, the obligation to activate the recording in certain situations and the verbal warnings that must be given. There is also the need to have an internal structure responsible for processing the recordings. However, there are also several opportunities with the use of this equipment, including an increase in courtesy, assertiveness and collaboration between citizens and the military, as well as a reduction in aggressive behaviour. What's more, when properly set up and used, these cameras properly frame situations and present the facts impartially. In military training, the review of the recordings by the superiors in charge serves to orientate the training according to the needs shown by the militaries in the recordings. Finally, I would like to highlight the recommendations in Table 3, which were drawn up based on all the research. These recommendations aim to mitigate the challenges and strengthen the opportunities inherent in implementing these cameras in the National Republican Guard.
Description
Keywords
Câmaras Portáteis de Uso Individual Guarda Nacional Republicana Implicações Militar Policial Body-Won Cameras Implications Military Police