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Ucrânia: crónica de uma crise anunciada
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Abstract(s)
Um ano depois da rebelião da Maidan, a Ucrânia está dividida e em guerra, o confronto
entre as forças de Kiev e os separatistas pró-russos do Leste fez já mais de 4300 mortos, o
futuro do país é uma incógnita. A crise ucraniana gerou a mais grave crise de sempre nas
relações entre a Rússia e o Ocidente desde o colapso da URSS, em 1991 e a “guerra fria”
assoma de novo nas primeiras páginas e nos discursos dos políticos.
Nove anos depois da Revolução Laranja de 2004, a Ucrânia torna-se de novo o ponto mais
crítico na disputa entre uma NATO em expansão a Leste e aos esforços de Moscovo para
reafirmar a sua esfera de influência no espaço da defunta URSS.
O acordo de associação entre a Ucrânia e a União Europeia, que esteve no centro do
levantamento da Praça da Independência, foi finalmente assinado no início de setembro, mas
a preço de importantes concessões à Rússia que adiam pelo menos por um ano a entrada em
vigor das cláusulas comerciais do acordo.
Com o conflito no leste da Ucrânia suspenso de um cessar-fogo incerto, multiplicam-se
alertas para o risco de o confronto entre a Rússia e o Ocidente se estender à Moldávia e à
Geórgia, dois candidatos à NATO e a braços com regiões separatistas apoiadas por Moscovo.
One year after the outbreak of Maidan uprising Ukraine is divided and at war, fighting between Kiev forces and pro-Russian rebels in the eastern Ukrainian regions left over 4300 dead, the country’s future is unknown. The ukrainian turmoil prompted the most serious crisis between Russia and the West since the collapse of former USSR in 1991, and the ”cold war” is back in the media front page news and politicians speeches. Nine years after Orange Revolution Ukraine becomes again the most critical flashpoint in the struggle between NATO Eastern expansion and Moscow’s efforts to rebuild Russian influence in the space of former Soviet Union. The association agreement with European Union, that was at the center of the Independence Square rebellion, was at last ratified in early September but at the price of important concessions to Russia delaying at least for one year key provisions on free trade. While conflict in Eastern Ukraine is hanging on a fragile ceasefire recent signs are arising that competition between Russia and the West could eventually shift to Moldova and Georgia, two NATO membership candidates with separatist regions controlled by pro-Russian rebels.
One year after the outbreak of Maidan uprising Ukraine is divided and at war, fighting between Kiev forces and pro-Russian rebels in the eastern Ukrainian regions left over 4300 dead, the country’s future is unknown. The ukrainian turmoil prompted the most serious crisis between Russia and the West since the collapse of former USSR in 1991, and the ”cold war” is back in the media front page news and politicians speeches. Nine years after Orange Revolution Ukraine becomes again the most critical flashpoint in the struggle between NATO Eastern expansion and Moscow’s efforts to rebuild Russian influence in the space of former Soviet Union. The association agreement with European Union, that was at the center of the Independence Square rebellion, was at last ratified in early September but at the price of important concessions to Russia delaying at least for one year key provisions on free trade. While conflict in Eastern Ukraine is hanging on a fragile ceasefire recent signs are arising that competition between Russia and the West could eventually shift to Moldova and Georgia, two NATO membership candidates with separatist regions controlled by pro-Russian rebels.
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Keywords
Crise Guerra Identidade Construção da nação Confronto Rússia- Ocidente Expansão da NATO a Leste Crisis War Identity Nation building Russia-West confrontation NATO Eastern Expansion