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Consumo de leguminosas e neofobia alimentar em crianças dos 3 aos 6 anos : avaliação da eficácia de um programa de intervenção
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| 5.05 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Os hábitos alimentares são um dos aspetos chave de um estilo de vida saudável. O
presente estudo foca-se na importância do consumo de leguminosas, fonte rica e acessível de proteínas,
e uma opção saudável e sustentável, em termos ambientais. A neofobia alimentar desempenha um
papel importante na aceitação dos alimentos, em particular na infância, e elevados níveis de
ansiedade poderão contribuir para comportamentos alimentares desajustados. Objetivos: Elaborar,
implementar e avaliar um programa de promoção de consumo de leguminosas - Beans4Life.
Especificamente avaliar o seu impacto nos conhecimentos, preferências e frequência de consumo das
oito leguminosas (feijão, grão, ervilha, fava, feijoca, lentilha, chícharo e tremoço) e analisar possíveis
relações entre neofobia alimentar, níveis de ansiedade e consumo de leguminosas. Métodos: Estudo
analítico, do tipo pré-teste pós-teste, com três momentos de avaliação: 1) antes da intervenção; 2) após
a intervenção com as crianças e 3) após a intervenção com os encarregados de educação (fim da
intervenção). Participantes: 90 crianças dos 3 aos 6 anos (54,4% do sexo masculino) e respetivos
encarregados de educação. Instrumentos: questionário de avaliação de conhecimentos e preferências
alimentares, questionário sobre os hábitos alimentares, escala de neofobia alimentar, questionário de
ansiedade e um questionário para avaliar as sessões. A intervenção teve duas componentes, a primeira
com as crianças (4 sessões de educação alimentar) e a segunda com as famílias (atividades facilitadoras
da inclusão de receitas com leguminosas no quotidiano familiar). Resultados: Antes da intervenção, os
resultados obtidos mostram níveis baixos de conhecimentos, preferências e frequência de consumo de
leguminosas. A ervilha e o feijão são as leguminosas mais conhecidas (81,1% e 55,6%) e também
preferidas (77,8% e 73,3%). Os resultados obtidos na segunda e terceira avaliações mostram que ocorreu
um aumento significativo (p<0,05) dos conhecimentos e da frequência de consumo da maioria
leguminosas, não tendo ocorrido alterações significativas relativamente às preferências. Quanto à
neofobia alimentar, os resultados sugerem a existência de uma relação positiva significativa (p<0,05) com
os níveis de ansiedade e com uma menor frequência de consumo de leguminosas. Conclusão: Os
objetivos inicialmente propostos foram concretizados e será pertinente dar continuidade ao presente
estudo, com amostras maiores, de forma a aumentar o consumo deste grupo alimentar na infância, e
providenciar resultados mais robustos que ajudem a clarificar as relações encontradas.
Introduction: Eating habits are one of the key aspects of a healthy lifestyle. This study focuses on the importance of consuming legumes, a rich and accessible source of protein, and a healthy and sustainable option, in environmental terms. Food neophobia plays an important role in the acceptance of food, particularly in childhood, and high levels of anxiety may contribute to inappropriate eating behaviors. Objectives: To design, implement and evaluate a program to promote the consumption of legumes - Beans4Life. Specifically, to assess its impact on the knowledge, preferences and frequency of consumption of the eight legumes (beans, grain, peas, beans, beans, lentils, chickpeas and lupins) and to analyze possible relationships between food neophobia, levels of anxiety and consumption of legumes. Methods: Pre-test post-test analytical study, with three evaluation moments: 1) before the intervention; 2) after the intervention with the children and 3) after the intervention with the guardians (end of the intervention). Participants: 90 children from 3 to 6 years old (54.4% male) and their guardians. Instruments: questionnaire to assess knowledge and food preferences, questionnaire on eating habits, food neophobia scale, anxiety questionnaire and a questionnaire to evaluate sessions. The intervention had two components, the first with the children (4 food education sessions) and the second with the families (activities that facilitate the inclusion of recipes with legumes in the family's daily life). Results: Before the intervention, the results obtained show low levels of knowledge, preferences and frequency of consumption of legumes. Peas and beans are the best known legumes (81.1% and 55.6%) and also preferred (77.8% and 73.3%). The results obtained in the second and third assessments show that there was a significant increase (p <0.05) in the knowledge and frequency of consumption of most legumes, with no significant changes regarding preferences. As for food neophobia, the results suggest the existence of a significant positive relationship (p <0.05) with anxiety levels and with a lower frequency of consumption of legumes. Conclusion: The objectives initially proposed were achieved and it will be pertinent to continue the present study, with larger samples, in order to increase the consumption of this food group in childhood, and provide more robust results that help to clarify the relationships found.
Introduction: Eating habits are one of the key aspects of a healthy lifestyle. This study focuses on the importance of consuming legumes, a rich and accessible source of protein, and a healthy and sustainable option, in environmental terms. Food neophobia plays an important role in the acceptance of food, particularly in childhood, and high levels of anxiety may contribute to inappropriate eating behaviors. Objectives: To design, implement and evaluate a program to promote the consumption of legumes - Beans4Life. Specifically, to assess its impact on the knowledge, preferences and frequency of consumption of the eight legumes (beans, grain, peas, beans, beans, lentils, chickpeas and lupins) and to analyze possible relationships between food neophobia, levels of anxiety and consumption of legumes. Methods: Pre-test post-test analytical study, with three evaluation moments: 1) before the intervention; 2) after the intervention with the children and 3) after the intervention with the guardians (end of the intervention). Participants: 90 children from 3 to 6 years old (54.4% male) and their guardians. Instruments: questionnaire to assess knowledge and food preferences, questionnaire on eating habits, food neophobia scale, anxiety questionnaire and a questionnaire to evaluate sessions. The intervention had two components, the first with the children (4 food education sessions) and the second with the families (activities that facilitate the inclusion of recipes with legumes in the family's daily life). Results: Before the intervention, the results obtained show low levels of knowledge, preferences and frequency of consumption of legumes. Peas and beans are the best known legumes (81.1% and 55.6%) and also preferred (77.8% and 73.3%). The results obtained in the second and third assessments show that there was a significant increase (p <0.05) in the knowledge and frequency of consumption of most legumes, with no significant changes regarding preferences. As for food neophobia, the results suggest the existence of a significant positive relationship (p <0.05) with anxiety levels and with a lower frequency of consumption of legumes. Conclusion: The objectives initially proposed were achieved and it will be pertinent to continue the present study, with larger samples, in order to increase the consumption of this food group in childhood, and provide more robust results that help to clarify the relationships found.
Description
Keywords
Promoção da saúde Leguminosas Comportamento alimentar Ansiedade Neofobia alimentar Transtorno da evitação ou restrição da ingestão de alimentos Fabaceae Crianças pré-escolares