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Publication
A investigação criminal na Guarda Nacional Republicana no âmbito da violência doméstica de pais contra filhos menores
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Authors
Reis, Rui Paulo Feliciano
Abstract(s)
A violência doméstica contra menores praticada pelos progenitores tem impacto negativo no desenvolvimento destes em todas as etapas da sua vida. Recentemente, a pandemia COVID-19 acrescentou um conjunto de fatores, que tornaram difícil a deteção desta tipologia criminal aos olhos das autoridades policiais e entidades que lidam com este tipo de violência.
O presente Trabalho de Investigação, subordinado ao tema “A investigação criminal na Guarda Nacional Republicana no âmbito da violência doméstica de pais contra filhos menores” tem como finalidade analisar as capacidades da Guarda Nacional Republicana no combate a este crime e verificar como a crise sanitária do COVID-19 afetou a sua investigação e as ocorrências registadas.
Para atingir os objetivos do trabalho de investigação, foram recolhidos dados, numa primeira fase, do Sistema Integrado de Informações Operacionais Policiais da Guarda Nacional Republicana, referente a vítimas com idade inferior a 18 anos do Comando Territorial de Santarém desde o ano 2019 a 2023. Estes dados permitem traçar o sexo do agressor e vítima, idade do agredido e tipo de violência praticada. Posteriormente foram realizados inquéritos por entrevista aos militares e profissionais que atuam neste tipo de ocorrências para recolher a maior e melhor informação possível. De acordo com o supracitado, realizou-se uma abordagem mista, onde se recorreu ao estudo de caso do Comando Territorial de Santarém, mais concretamente, inquéritos por entrevista ao Núcleo de Investigação e Apoio a Vítimas Específicas, às Secção de Inquérito dos postos do Comando, à Comissão de Proteção Crianças e Jovens de Santarém e Alcanena.
Foi possível concluir após a recolha de informação que é o sexo masculino predominantemente o agressor, sendo a maioria das vítimas de idade inferior a 12 anos ou entre os 12 e 15, sendo o tipo de violência mais praticada a física. Determinou-se que o tipo de violência mais recorrente é também a exposição dos menores à violência entre os pais. Destaca-se a cooperação com outras entidades que facilita a investigação, embora haja pouca formação geral de violência doméstica, mais especificamente na temática dos menores ministrada aos militares. A pandemia trouxe alguns desafios aos militares, nomeadamente o reduzido contacto presencial com os menores. Atendendo às limitações impostas pela pandemia, foi dada primazia à utilização de meios telemáticos para a condução do inquérito.
Palavras-chave:
Domestic violence against minors committed by their parents has a negative impact on their development at all stages of their lives. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic added a set of factors, which made it difficult to detect this crime in the eyes of police authorities and entities that deal with this type of violence. This Research Work, under the title “Criminal investigation in the Republican National Guard in the context of domestic violence by parents against minor children” aims to analyse the capabilities of the Republican National Guard in addressing this crime and analyse how the health crisis of COVID-19 affected the investigation and the recorded incidents. To achieve the objectives of the research work, data was collected, in a first phase, from the Integrated Police Operational Information System of the Republican National Guard, referring to victims under the age of 18 from the Territorial Command of Santarém from the year 2019 to 2023 This data allow us to trace the gender of the aggressor and victim, the age of the victim and the type of violence suffered. Subsequently, interview surveys were carried out with military personnel and professionals who work in these types of incidents to collect the greatest and best information possible. In accordance with the above, a qualitative approach was carried out, which used the case study of the Territorial Command of Santarém, more specifically, interview surveys at the Research and Support Center for Specific Victims, at the Inquiry Section of the posts of the Command, to the Commission for the Protection of Children and Young People of Santarém and Alcanena. It was possible to conclude after collecting information that the aggressor is predominantly male, with the majority of victims being under 12 years old and between 12 and 15, with physical violence being the most frequently practiced type of violence. It was determined that the most recurrent type of violence is also the exposure of children to violence between their parents. The cooperation with other entities is noteworthy, which facilitates the investigation, although there is low training on domestic violence, more specifically on the topic of minors, given to the military. The pandemic brought some challenges to the military, particularly due to reduced face-to-face contact with minors. Given the limitations imposed by the pandemic, priority was given to the use of telematic means to conduct the survey.
Domestic violence against minors committed by their parents has a negative impact on their development at all stages of their lives. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic added a set of factors, which made it difficult to detect this crime in the eyes of police authorities and entities that deal with this type of violence. This Research Work, under the title “Criminal investigation in the Republican National Guard in the context of domestic violence by parents against minor children” aims to analyse the capabilities of the Republican National Guard in addressing this crime and analyse how the health crisis of COVID-19 affected the investigation and the recorded incidents. To achieve the objectives of the research work, data was collected, in a first phase, from the Integrated Police Operational Information System of the Republican National Guard, referring to victims under the age of 18 from the Territorial Command of Santarém from the year 2019 to 2023 This data allow us to trace the gender of the aggressor and victim, the age of the victim and the type of violence suffered. Subsequently, interview surveys were carried out with military personnel and professionals who work in these types of incidents to collect the greatest and best information possible. In accordance with the above, a qualitative approach was carried out, which used the case study of the Territorial Command of Santarém, more specifically, interview surveys at the Research and Support Center for Specific Victims, at the Inquiry Section of the posts of the Command, to the Commission for the Protection of Children and Young People of Santarém and Alcanena. It was possible to conclude after collecting information that the aggressor is predominantly male, with the majority of victims being under 12 years old and between 12 and 15, with physical violence being the most frequently practiced type of violence. It was determined that the most recurrent type of violence is also the exposure of children to violence between their parents. The cooperation with other entities is noteworthy, which facilitates the investigation, although there is low training on domestic violence, more specifically on the topic of minors, given to the military. The pandemic brought some challenges to the military, particularly due to reduced face-to-face contact with minors. Given the limitations imposed by the pandemic, priority was given to the use of telematic means to conduct the survey.
Description
Keywords
Violência Doméstica Guarda Nacional Republicana Menores Pais Domestic Violence Minors Parents