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O papel dos avós na transição para a parentalidade : Desafios para o enfermeiro obstetra
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O presente documento visa descrever e analisar o desenvolvimento de
competências comuns do Enfermeiro Especialista (EE), específicas do Enfermeiro
Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica (EEESMO), assim como das
competências requeridas para a obtenção do grau de Mestre, alicerçado na Teoria das
Transições de Afaf Meleis.
A transição para a parentalidade é um processo complexo que envolve alterações
fisiológicas, psicoemocionais, sociais e culturais, sendo influenciado por estratégias
cognitivas, relacionais e operacionais. Nesse contexto, os avós podem desempenhar um
papel fundamental. Uma vez que os cuidados especializados do EEESMO visam atender
às necessidades da mulher e da sua família durante esta fase, este trabalho destaca a
importância de envolver os avós no processo de transição para a parentalidade, com o
objetivo de melhorar a qualidade dos mesmos e promover uma abordagem holística e
integrada à família.
Numa primeira fase, foi elaborada uma Revisão Scoping (RS), segundo as
orientações do Joanna Brigs Institute (JBI), com o objetivo de mapear a evidência científica
existente sobre o papel dos avós na transição para a parentalidade. Numa segunda fase
foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório e descritivo de natureza qualitativa, com o
objetivo de analisar as experiências dos progenitores com os seus pais na transição para
a parentalidade. Este estudo contou com 6 participantes, tendo sido a entrevista o
instrumento de recolha de dados eleito. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo segundo as
etapas defendidas por Bardin (2018).
Seis temas emergiram: caracterização da relação dos progenitores com os seus
pais; as experiências dos progenitores na relação com os seus pais durante a gravidez; as
experiências dos progenitores na relação com os seus pais durante o trabalho de parto;
as experiências dos progenitores na relação com os seus pais no pós-parto; a influência
da relação com os pais e pais do (a) companheiro(a) no papel como mãe/pai; as
experiências dos progenitores no envolvimento dos seus pais e pais do(a) companheiro(a)
nos cuidados de saúde. As implicações para a prática de cuidados ressaltam a
importância de capacitar os EEESMOs para lidar com a diversidade das necessidades
familiares, destacando a relevância da inclusão dos avós no processo de cuidados.
The purpose of this document is to describe and analyse the development of common competences to the Specialist Nurse (EE), specific to the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing (EEESMO), as well as the competences required to obtain a Master's degree, based on Afaf Meleis' Transitions Theory. The transition to parenting is a complex process that involves physiological, psycho-emotional, social and cultural changes and is influenced by cognitive, relational and operational strategies. In this context, grandparents can play a fundamental role. Since the EEESMO's specialised care aims to meet the needs of women and their families during this phase, this document highlights the importance of involving grandparents in the process of transition to parenting, with the aim of improving the quality of care and promoting a holistic and integrated approach to the family. In the first phase, a Scoping Review (RS) was carried out, following the guidelines of the Joanna Brigs Institute (JBI), with the aim of mapping the existing scientific evidence on the role of grandparents in the transition to parenting. In a second phase, an exploratory and descriptive study of a qualitative nature was carried out, with the aim of analysing the experiences of new parents with their own parents in the transition to parenting. This study involved six participants, with interview being the chosen data collection tool. Content was analysed according to the stages advocated by Bardin (2018). Six themes emerged: characterisation of the new parents‘ relationship with their parents; the new parents’ experiences of their relationship with their parents during pregnancy; the new parents‘ experiences of their relationship with their parents during labour; the new parents’ experiences of their relationship with their parents in the postpartum period; the influence of their relationship with their parents and their partner's parents on their role as mother/father; the new parents' experiences of involving their parents and their partner's parents in healthcare. The implications for care practice emphasise the importance of training EEESMOs to deal with the diversity of family needs, highlighting the relevance of including grandparents in the care process.
The purpose of this document is to describe and analyse the development of common competences to the Specialist Nurse (EE), specific to the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing (EEESMO), as well as the competences required to obtain a Master's degree, based on Afaf Meleis' Transitions Theory. The transition to parenting is a complex process that involves physiological, psycho-emotional, social and cultural changes and is influenced by cognitive, relational and operational strategies. In this context, grandparents can play a fundamental role. Since the EEESMO's specialised care aims to meet the needs of women and their families during this phase, this document highlights the importance of involving grandparents in the process of transition to parenting, with the aim of improving the quality of care and promoting a holistic and integrated approach to the family. In the first phase, a Scoping Review (RS) was carried out, following the guidelines of the Joanna Brigs Institute (JBI), with the aim of mapping the existing scientific evidence on the role of grandparents in the transition to parenting. In a second phase, an exploratory and descriptive study of a qualitative nature was carried out, with the aim of analysing the experiences of new parents with their own parents in the transition to parenting. This study involved six participants, with interview being the chosen data collection tool. Content was analysed according to the stages advocated by Bardin (2018). Six themes emerged: characterisation of the new parents‘ relationship with their parents; the new parents’ experiences of their relationship with their parents during pregnancy; the new parents‘ experiences of their relationship with their parents during labour; the new parents’ experiences of their relationship with their parents in the postpartum period; the influence of their relationship with their parents and their partner's parents on their role as mother/father; the new parents' experiences of involving their parents and their partner's parents in healthcare. The implications for care practice emphasise the importance of training EEESMOs to deal with the diversity of family needs, highlighting the relevance of including grandparents in the care process.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermagem obstétrica Cuidado transicional Parentalidade Avós