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O enfermeiro especialista como promotor de competências de autogestão no adolescente com doença crónica
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A adolescência é caracterizada, entre outros fatores, pela busca de identidade e
desejo de autonomia, sendo que estes desígnios orientam as decisões e comportamentos
em saúde dos adolescentes (Duffy, 2024; Malheiro et al., 2023; Papalia & Martorell, 2021).
No caso dos adolescentes com doença crónica, esta etapa de desenvolvimento é
considerada mais desafiante (Papalia & Martorell, 2021), e, como tal, constitui-se como
oportunidade de excelência para a adoção de comportamentos e estilos de vida
saudáveis, que se traduzirão em benefícios presentes e futuros, sendo que os
enfermeiros têm uma intervenção de destaque no processo de capacitação para a
autogestão da doença e na promoção da autonomia destes jovens (Malheiro et al., 2019a;
Regulamento n.º 351, 2015).
Assim, o presente relatório, elaborado sob a metodologia de projeto, e baseado
na reflexão e análise crítica da prática nos diferentes contextos de estágio, procura dar
resposta a uma lacuna identificada em contexto de trabalho, espelhando o percurso
formativo e as atividades que permitiram o desenvolvimento de competências comuns
de Enfermeiro Especialista, e específicas de Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de
Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica. Para além disso, todo o percurso de estágio foi norteado não
só pelas filosofias de suporte aos cuidados de enfermagem em pediatria, como os
Cuidados Centrados na Família, Cuidados Não Traumáticos e parceria de cuidados, como
também na Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis.
Do percurso de estágio e das atividades realizadas, destaca-se a proposta de um
programa promotor de competências de autogestão do adolescente com doença crónica,
em contexto de internamento, com o objetivo de promover estas competências, e assim
facilitar a transição da adolescência para a idade adulta, transferindo gradualmente a
responsabilidade da gestão da doença dos pais para os jovens.
Adolescence is characterized, among other factors, by the search for identity and the desire for autonomy, and these goals guide adolescents’ decisions and health behaviours (Duffy, 2024; Malheiro et al., 2023; Papalia & Martorell, 2021). For adolescents with chronic illness, this developmental stage is considered more challenging (Papalia & Martorell, 2021), and, as such, it represents an excellent opportunity to promote healthy behaviours and lifestyle, that will result in both present and future benefits, a process in which nurses play a key role by empowering these young people for self-management of their illness and promoting their autonomy (Malheiro et al., 2019a; Regulamento n.º 351, 2015). Thus, this report, developed under the project methodology and based on reflection and critical analysis of practice in different internship contexts, seeks to adress a gap identified in the work context, reflecting the training journey and activities that contributed to the development of both common competencies of the Specialist Nurse and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing. Additionally, the entire internship course was guided not only by the philosophies that support pediatric nursing care, such as Family-Centered Care, Atraumatic Care and partnership in care, but also by Afaf Meleis’ Transitions Theory. Among the internship journey and the activities carried out, a notable highlight is the proposal of a program aimed at promoting self-management skills for adolescents with chronic illness, in the inpatient setting, with the goal of fostering these skills and thereby facilitating the transition from adolescence to adulthood, gradually shifting the responsibility for the disease management from the parents to the adolescent.
Adolescence is characterized, among other factors, by the search for identity and the desire for autonomy, and these goals guide adolescents’ decisions and health behaviours (Duffy, 2024; Malheiro et al., 2023; Papalia & Martorell, 2021). For adolescents with chronic illness, this developmental stage is considered more challenging (Papalia & Martorell, 2021), and, as such, it represents an excellent opportunity to promote healthy behaviours and lifestyle, that will result in both present and future benefits, a process in which nurses play a key role by empowering these young people for self-management of their illness and promoting their autonomy (Malheiro et al., 2019a; Regulamento n.º 351, 2015). Thus, this report, developed under the project methodology and based on reflection and critical analysis of practice in different internship contexts, seeks to adress a gap identified in the work context, reflecting the training journey and activities that contributed to the development of both common competencies of the Specialist Nurse and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Pediatric and Child Health Nursing. Additionally, the entire internship course was guided not only by the philosophies that support pediatric nursing care, such as Family-Centered Care, Atraumatic Care and partnership in care, but also by Afaf Meleis’ Transitions Theory. Among the internship journey and the activities carried out, a notable highlight is the proposal of a program aimed at promoting self-management skills for adolescents with chronic illness, in the inpatient setting, with the goal of fostering these skills and thereby facilitating the transition from adolescence to adulthood, gradually shifting the responsibility for the disease management from the parents to the adolescent.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Enfermagem pediátrica Adolescente Doença crónica Autogestão Cuidados de enfermagem