| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.23 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
NĆ£o obstante o nĆŗmero de estudos dos mĆ©todos de navegaĆ§Ć£o antigos, nĆ£o existe nenhum sobre a evoluĆ§Ć£o histĆ³rica dos mĆ©todos da determinaĆ§Ć£o da latitude por observaĆ§Ć£o de alturas extrameridianas do Sol, entre o sĆ©culo XVI e o sĆ©culo XIX.
Nesta dissertaĆ§Ć£o de mestrado descrevemos, analisĆ”mos e comparĆ”mos a teoria, os processos prĆ”ticos, e os instrumentos utilizados para os mĆ©todos descritos por Pedro Nunes em Tratado da Esfera, Valentim Estancel em Tiphys Lusitano [...], MilitĆ£o da Mata em O Destro Observador [...], e Peregrino LeitĆ£o em Guia Nautica [...], que tiveram lugar respetivamente nos sĆ©culos XVI, XVII, XVIII e XIX.
Resumimos a biografia de cada autor para explicar em que contexto foram escritas as obras e clarificar quais as Ć”reas de estudo, bem como quais as experiĆŖncias de mar de cada um, antes de escreverem a respetiva obra.
ConcluĆmos que no decorrer dos quatro sĆ©culos hĆ” diferenƧas na teoria para a conceĆ§Ć£o dos mĆ©todos, impulsionadas pelo progresso da matemĆ”tica. Deixa de ser necessĆ”ria a conceĆ§Ć£o de mĆ©todos mecĆ¢nicos, descritos nas obras dos primeiros dois autores analisados, resultado da formaĆ§Ć£o dos indivĆduos e da facilidade de cĆ”lculo exigida nos Ćŗltimos mĆ©todos estudados. ConstatĆ”mos ainda, semelhanƧas nos mĆ©todos de Pedro Nunes e Valentim Estancel, tal como nos mĆ©todos de MilitĆ£o da Mata e Peregrino LeitĆ£o.
Despite several studies have already been done on ancient navigation methods, there is no study on the historical evolution of the methods for determining the latitude by observing extra-meridian heights of the Sun between 16th and 19th centuries. In this masterās thesis we describe, analyse, and compare the theory, the practical processes and the instruments developed and used for the methods described by: Pedro Nunes in Tratado da Esfera, Valentim Estancel in Tiphys Lusitano [...], MilitĆ£o da Mata in O Destro Observador [...] and Peregrino LeitĆ£o in Guia Nautica [...], that arose in the XVI, XVII, XVIII and XIX centuries, respectively. We summarize each authorās biography to explain the context in which the works were done; and clarify which areas of study, as well as which sea experiences each author had, before writing the respective work. We conclude that over the four centuries there have been differences in the theory for the conception of the methods, driven by the progress of mathematics. It is no longer necessary to design mechanical methods as described in the works of the first two authors analysed, because of the instruction of individuals and the ease of calculation required in the last methods studied. We also found similarities in the methods of Pedro Nunes and Valentim Estancel, as well as in the methods of MilitĆ£o da Mata and Peregrino LeitĆ£o.
Despite several studies have already been done on ancient navigation methods, there is no study on the historical evolution of the methods for determining the latitude by observing extra-meridian heights of the Sun between 16th and 19th centuries. In this masterās thesis we describe, analyse, and compare the theory, the practical processes and the instruments developed and used for the methods described by: Pedro Nunes in Tratado da Esfera, Valentim Estancel in Tiphys Lusitano [...], MilitĆ£o da Mata in O Destro Observador [...] and Peregrino LeitĆ£o in Guia Nautica [...], that arose in the XVI, XVII, XVIII and XIX centuries, respectively. We summarize each authorās biography to explain the context in which the works were done; and clarify which areas of study, as well as which sea experiences each author had, before writing the respective work. We conclude that over the four centuries there have been differences in the theory for the conception of the methods, driven by the progress of mathematics. It is no longer necessary to design mechanical methods as described in the works of the first two authors analysed, because of the instruction of individuals and the ease of calculation required in the last methods studied. We also found similarities in the methods of Pedro Nunes and Valentim Estancel, as well as in the methods of MilitĆ£o da Mata and Peregrino LeitĆ£o.
Description
Keywords
Pedro Nunes Valentim Estancel MilitĆ£o da Mata Peregrino LeitĆ£o NavegaĆ§Ć£o AstronĆ³mica