A carregar...
Publicação
Fragilidade multidimensional no envelhecimento : a ligação entre a saúde oral e a condição física
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.47 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento impõe desafios significativos à saúde pública, especialmente na fragilidade multidimensional que resulta num acréscimo da prevalência da fragilidade física e da fragilidade oral. Estas condições intensificam a vulnerabilidade dos idosos e repercutem negativamente na sua qualidade de vida, reforçando a importância da avaliação precoce e multidisciplinar da fragilidade.
Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a fragilidade oral e a condição física em idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados.
Materiais e métodos: A amostra consistiu em 122 indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não institucionalizados e institucionalizados. A recolha de dados decorreu em duas etapas: Aplicação de questionário estruturado (dados sociodemográficos e avaliação da fragilidade oral através do índice OFI-8) e avaliação objetiva da condição física (medição da bioimpedância e testes funcionais: força de preensão manual (FPM), o Sit-to-Stand Test (STS) e o Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT)). Foram utilizados testes estatísticos não paramétricos, considerando-se p < 0,05.
Resultados: A amostra apresentou uma média de idades de 78,82 anos. Verificou-se uma prevalência elevada de fragilidade oral na totalidade da amostra, com maior gravidade no grupo de idosos institucionalizados. Estes apresentaram também piores indicadores funcionais: valores baixos na FPM, no STS e no Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Os resultados do TUGT foram homogéneos em ambos os contextos residenciais. Não se verificaram associações estatisticamente significativas entre a fragilidade oral e a FPM, TUGT ou IMC. Identificou-se uma correlação negativa significativa, embora fraca, entre a fragilidade oral e o STS.
Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou uma prevalência elevada de fragilidade oral na população idosa avaliada e evidenciou um impacto negativo da institucionalização na condição física dos participantes.
Introduction: Aging poses significant challenges to public health, particularly in terms of multidimensional frailty, which leads to an increased prevalence of physical frailty and oral frailty. These conditions heighten the vulnerability of older adults and negatively impact their quality of life, underscoring the importance of early, multidisciplinary assessment of frailty. Objective: To analyze the association between oral frailty and physical condition in institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 122 individuals aged 60 years or older, including both non-institutionalized and institutionalized individuals. Data collection took place in two stages: Administration of a structured questionnaire (sociodemographic data and assessment of oral frailty using the OFI-8 index) and objective assessment of physical condition (bioimpedance measurement and functional tests: handgrip strength (HGS), the Sit-to-Stand Test (STS), and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT)). Nonparametric statistical tests were used, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The sample had a mean age of 78.82 years. A high prevalence of oral frailty was observed in the entire sample, with greater severity in the group of institutionalized older adults. This group also presented worse functional indicators: low values for HGF, STS, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The TUGT results were consistent across both residential settings. No statistically significant associations were found between oral frailty and FPM, TUGT, or BMI. A significant, albeit weak, negative correlation was identified between oral frailty and STS. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of oral frailty in the older population studied and highlighted the negative impact of institutionalization on the participants’ physical condition.
Introduction: Aging poses significant challenges to public health, particularly in terms of multidimensional frailty, which leads to an increased prevalence of physical frailty and oral frailty. These conditions heighten the vulnerability of older adults and negatively impact their quality of life, underscoring the importance of early, multidisciplinary assessment of frailty. Objective: To analyze the association between oral frailty and physical condition in institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 122 individuals aged 60 years or older, including both non-institutionalized and institutionalized individuals. Data collection took place in two stages: Administration of a structured questionnaire (sociodemographic data and assessment of oral frailty using the OFI-8 index) and objective assessment of physical condition (bioimpedance measurement and functional tests: handgrip strength (HGS), the Sit-to-Stand Test (STS), and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT)). Nonparametric statistical tests were used, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The sample had a mean age of 78.82 years. A high prevalence of oral frailty was observed in the entire sample, with greater severity in the group of institutionalized older adults. This group also presented worse functional indicators: low values for HGF, STS, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The TUGT results were consistent across both residential settings. No statistically significant associations were found between oral frailty and FPM, TUGT, or BMI. A significant, albeit weak, negative correlation was identified between oral frailty and STS. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of oral frailty in the older population studied and highlighted the negative impact of institutionalization on the participants’ physical condition.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Idosos Fragilidade oral Fragilidade física Institucionalizados