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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
As alterações legislativas estabelecidas pelos sucessivos Governos constitucionais em
matéria de pensões de reforma têm vindo a afetar as suas regras de cálculo e consequentemente
o seu valor, em particular as que se encontram incluídas no Regime de Proteção Social
Convergente e no Regime Geral da Segurança Social.
Os militares da Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR) também se encontram abrangidos
por essas mudanças legais e a sua perceção sobre o seu futuro na situação de reforma poderá
afetar as suas motivações, com potencial impacto nos níveis de operacionalidade da Instituição
a longo prazo, bem como na capacidade de retenção de recursos humanos experientes e
técnicos, imprescindíveis para o cumprimento da missão.
A situação é crítica para os militares, tornando-se imperioso exigir uma especial atenção
no que diz respeito às suas pensões de reforma, não esquecendo os riscos e responsabilidades
diferenciadas inerentes à natureza exigente da carreira especial e da condição militar que lhe
está intrínseca.
O objeto de estudo desta investigação centra-se nas pensões de reforma dos militares da
GNR integrados no Regime Convergente e no Regime Geral em Portugal, propondo um
conjunto de medidas mitigadoras da redução do seu valor.
Os resultados obtidos demonstram a urgência da aplicação de um conjunto de medidas
que respondam de forma célere às expectativas dos militares próximos da transição para a
reforma, em particular as necessárias alterações ao Decreto-Lei n.º 3/2017, de 6 de janeiro que
regula as condições e as regras de atribuição, bem como do cálculo das pensões. Para as
gerações mais novas, destaca-se a possibilidade de lhes ser constituído um Fundo de Pensões
complementar, através de um modelo tripartido, financiado pelo Orçamento de Estado, pela
afetação de uma percentagem da receita cobrada pela GNR e pelos militares através de uma
percentagem resultante da reestruturação dos descontos obrigatórios para os Sistemas de Ação
Social Complementar e de Assistência na Doença.
Com a implementação destas medidas assegura-se a proteção financeira do militar,
garantindo um nível de rendimento semelhante ao que detêm na vida ativa, compensando
adequadamente as especificidades e sacrifícios inerentes à condição militar e desempenho das
exigentes funções policiais em prol dos cidadãos e das instituições
The legislative changes established by successive constitutional governments regarding retirement pensions have been affecting their calculation rules and consequently their value, in particular those included in the Convergent Social Protection Regime and the General Social Security Regime. The military personnel of the Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR) are also covered by these legal changes and their perception of their future in retirement may affect their motivations, with a potential impact on the Institution's long-term operational levels, as well as the ability to retain experienced and technical human resources, essential for fulfilling the mission. The situation is critical for military personnel, making it imperative to demand special attention with regard to their retirement pensions, not forgetting the risks and differentiated responsibilities inherent to the demanding nature of the special career and the military condition that is intrinsic to it. This study focuses on the retirement pensions of GNR military personnel integrated into the Convergent Regime and the General Regime in Portugal, proposing a set of mitigating measures to reduce their value. The results obtained demonstrate the urgency of implementing a set of measures that respond quickly to the expectations of military personnel close to the transition to retirement, in particular the necessary amendments to Decree-Law n. º 3/2017, of January 6, which regulates the conditions and rules for awarding and calculating pensions. For the younger generations, the possibility of establishing a complementary Pension Fund for them stands out, through a tripartite model, financed by the State Budget, by allocating a percentage of the revenue collected by the GNR and the military through a percentage resulting from the restructuring of mandatory discounts for the Complementary Social Action and Sickness Assistance Systems. With the implementation of these measures, the financial protection of military personnel is ensured, guaranteeing a level of income similar to that which they have in active life, adequately, compensating the specificities and sacrifices inherent to the military condition and the performance of demanding police functions for the benefit of citizens and institutions
The legislative changes established by successive constitutional governments regarding retirement pensions have been affecting their calculation rules and consequently their value, in particular those included in the Convergent Social Protection Regime and the General Social Security Regime. The military personnel of the Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR) are also covered by these legal changes and their perception of their future in retirement may affect their motivations, with a potential impact on the Institution's long-term operational levels, as well as the ability to retain experienced and technical human resources, essential for fulfilling the mission. The situation is critical for military personnel, making it imperative to demand special attention with regard to their retirement pensions, not forgetting the risks and differentiated responsibilities inherent to the demanding nature of the special career and the military condition that is intrinsic to it. This study focuses on the retirement pensions of GNR military personnel integrated into the Convergent Regime and the General Regime in Portugal, proposing a set of mitigating measures to reduce their value. The results obtained demonstrate the urgency of implementing a set of measures that respond quickly to the expectations of military personnel close to the transition to retirement, in particular the necessary amendments to Decree-Law n. º 3/2017, of January 6, which regulates the conditions and rules for awarding and calculating pensions. For the younger generations, the possibility of establishing a complementary Pension Fund for them stands out, through a tripartite model, financed by the State Budget, by allocating a percentage of the revenue collected by the GNR and the military through a percentage resulting from the restructuring of mandatory discounts for the Complementary Social Action and Sickness Assistance Systems. With the implementation of these measures, the financial protection of military personnel is ensured, guaranteeing a level of income similar to that which they have in active life, adequately, compensating the specificities and sacrifices inherent to the military condition and the performance of demanding police functions for the benefit of citizens and institutions
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Militar da GNR Pensão de Reforma Condição Militar GNR military personnel Retirement Pensions Military Status