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Abstract(s)
Têm-se verificado avanços tecnológicos em todas as áreas, assim como nos
sistemas de navegação marítimos, transformando a interação entre o operador e o
sistema de apoio à decisão, levando a alterações nos processos cognitivos, nos
processos de busca e no processamento de informação, como por exemplo,
conhecimento situacional e pensamento antecipado. A presente dissertação de
mestrado apresenta resultados de um estudo que, tem como objetivo a análise do
trabalho realizado pelo operador do RADAR e dos processos cognitivos presentes,
durante um período de grande atividade cognitiva para todos os elementos da ponte do
navio. Verificando se as alterações tecnológias poderão ter consequências diversas para
os operadores podendo afetar estes, tanto negativa como positivamente.
Exemplificando, poderá verificar-se um aumento do esforço cognitivo ou até
subvalorização de eventos relevantes para a segurança da navegação. Os dados foram
recolhidos a bordo de navios da Marinha Portuguesa que navegaram em zonas de
elevada densidade de navegação e proximidade de perigos e também durante a saída e
respetiva entrada do porto de Lisboa. Os registos foram efetuados com recurso a Eye
Trackers, envergados pelo operador RADAR e através da observação do seu trabalho
inserido numa equipa, suportado por gravações áudio e vídeo de toda a atividade
presente na ponte do navio. Estes dados foram ainda, complementados por dois
questionários para avaliação do conhecimento situacional e do esforço de trabalho
(SART e NASA-TLX) e um questionário demográfico. Os resultados sugerem que o
operador RADAR é sujeito a elevados esforços cognitivos e que a interação com a equipa
é muito importante para este manter um bom nível de conhecimento situacional.
Technological advances have been made in all areas, as well as in maritime navigation systems, transforming the interaction between the operator and the decision support system, leading to changes in cognitive processes, search processes and information processing, such as situational awareness and anticipated thinking. This master's dissertation presents the results of a study that aims to analyse the work performed by the RADAR operator and the cognitive processes present during a period of great cognitive activity for all elements of the ship's bridge. Verifying if the changes may have different consequences for operators may affect them, both negatively and positively. For example, there may be an increase in cognitive effort or even undervaluation of events relevant to navigation safety. The data were collected aboard Portuguese Navy ships that sailed in areas of high navigation density and proximity to hazards and also during the departure and respective entry of the port of Lisbon. The records were made using Eye Trackers, worn by the RADAR operator and by observing his work in a team, supported by audio and video recordings of all activity on the ship's bridge. These data were also complemented by two questionnaires for situational awareness and workload (SART and NASA-TLX) and a demographic questionnaire. The results suggest that the RADAR operator is subjected to a high cognitive effort and that interaction with the team is very important to maintain a good level of situational awareness.
Technological advances have been made in all areas, as well as in maritime navigation systems, transforming the interaction between the operator and the decision support system, leading to changes in cognitive processes, search processes and information processing, such as situational awareness and anticipated thinking. This master's dissertation presents the results of a study that aims to analyse the work performed by the RADAR operator and the cognitive processes present during a period of great cognitive activity for all elements of the ship's bridge. Verifying if the changes may have different consequences for operators may affect them, both negatively and positively. For example, there may be an increase in cognitive effort or even undervaluation of events relevant to navigation safety. The data were collected aboard Portuguese Navy ships that sailed in areas of high navigation density and proximity to hazards and also during the departure and respective entry of the port of Lisbon. The records were made using Eye Trackers, worn by the RADAR operator and by observing his work in a team, supported by audio and video recordings of all activity on the ship's bridge. These data were also complemented by two questionnaires for situational awareness and workload (SART and NASA-TLX) and a demographic questionnaire. The results suggest that the RADAR operator is subjected to a high cognitive effort and that interaction with the team is very important to maintain a good level of situational awareness.
Description
Keywords
Eye trackers Navegação marítima Radar Movimento ocular