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Controlo da máquina síncrona de relutância com trajetórias em enfraquecimento de campo
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O presente trabalho centra-se no estudo e implementação de técnicas de controlo em enfraquecimento de campo para máquinas síncronas de relutância (SynRM), com especial foco na integração do controlo vetorial clássico e na avaliação da sua operação quando alimentada por diferentes topologias de conversores. A motivação surge da crescente procura por alternativas às máquinas de indução e de ímanes permanentes, e da necessidade de explorar soluções de controlo capazes de garantir desempenho estável numa gama alargada de velocidades. Para atingir estes objetivos, propôs-se um acionamento, com o desenvolvimento do modelo dinâmico da SynRM no referencial síncrono com o rotor, e implementou-se uma estratégia de Field-Oriented Control (FOC) capaz de integrar as trajetórias MTPA, FW e MTPV, incluindo algoritmos de transição entre trajetórias e inversão de marcha. Avaliou-se ainda o desempenho do sistema com inversor trifásico clássico (VSI) e inversor duplo de fonte única (DVSI), bem como a influência de técnicas de modulação, nomeadamente THI-SPWM com injeção min-max de terceira harmónica, na maximização da tensão aplicada e na extensão da velocidade de operação. Os resultados demonstram que o controlo vetorial adaptado mantém coerência com a teoria, reproduzindo relações corretas entre correntes, fluxos e ângulos de carga, e permite realizar acelerações significativas, inversões de marcha e alterações abruptas de binário de referência de forma robusta. O DVSI mostrou vantagens claras sobre o VSI, permitindo maiores tensões aplicadas, ampliando a faixa de operação estável e elevando a velocidade máxima alcançável. A modulação THI-SPWM complementa o desempenho, prolongando a operação estável nas regiões de enfraquecimento de campo. Por fim, o estudo abre caminhos para trabalhos futuros, incluindo implementação experimental, modelação mais rigorosa da máquina, aprimoramento do algoritmo de transição entre trajetórias, exploração de modulações adicionais e avaliação de estratégias avançadas de controlo.
This work focuses on the study and implementation of field-weakening control techniques for Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SynRM), with particular emphasis on the integration of classical vector control and the evaluation of its operation when supplied by different converter topologies. The motivation arises from the growing demand for alternatives to induction and permanent magnet machines, as well as the need to explore control solutions capable of ensuring stable performance across an extended speed range. To achieve these objectives, a drive system was proposed, involving the development of SynRM model in the rotor-aligned synchronous reference frame, and the implementation of a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) strategy capable of integrating MTPA, FW, and MTPV trajectories, including algorithms for trajectory transitions and direction reversal. The performance of the system was also evaluated using both a conventional three-phase inverter (VSI) and a dual-source inverter (DVSI), as well as the influence of modulation techniques, namely THI-SPWM with third-harmonic min-max injection, on maximizing the applied voltage and extending the operational speed range. The results demonstrate that the adapted vector control maintains consistency with theory, accurately reproduces the relationships between currents, fluxes, and load angles, and enables significant accelerations, direction reversals, and abrupt changes in reference torque in a robust manner. The DVSI showed clear advantages over the VSI, allowing higher applied voltages, expanding the stable operating range, and increasing the maximum achievable speed. THI-SPWM modulation complements the performance by prolonging stable operation in the field-weakening regions. Finally, the study opens avenues for future work, including experimental implementation, more rigorous machine modeling, refinement of the trajectory transition algorithm, exploration of additional modulation techniques, and evaluation of advanced control strategies.
This work focuses on the study and implementation of field-weakening control techniques for Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SynRM), with particular emphasis on the integration of classical vector control and the evaluation of its operation when supplied by different converter topologies. The motivation arises from the growing demand for alternatives to induction and permanent magnet machines, as well as the need to explore control solutions capable of ensuring stable performance across an extended speed range. To achieve these objectives, a drive system was proposed, involving the development of SynRM model in the rotor-aligned synchronous reference frame, and the implementation of a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) strategy capable of integrating MTPA, FW, and MTPV trajectories, including algorithms for trajectory transitions and direction reversal. The performance of the system was also evaluated using both a conventional three-phase inverter (VSI) and a dual-source inverter (DVSI), as well as the influence of modulation techniques, namely THI-SPWM with third-harmonic min-max injection, on maximizing the applied voltage and extending the operational speed range. The results demonstrate that the adapted vector control maintains consistency with theory, accurately reproduces the relationships between currents, fluxes, and load angles, and enables significant accelerations, direction reversals, and abrupt changes in reference torque in a robust manner. The DVSI showed clear advantages over the VSI, allowing higher applied voltages, expanding the stable operating range, and increasing the maximum achievable speed. THI-SPWM modulation complements the performance by prolonging stable operation in the field-weakening regions. Finally, the study opens avenues for future work, including experimental implementation, more rigorous machine modeling, refinement of the trajectory transition algorithm, exploration of additional modulation techniques, and evaluation of advanced control strategies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Máquina Síncrona de Relutância Controlo por Orientação de Campo Enfraquecimento de Campo Trajetórias de Corrente Comparação de Inversores Synchronous Relutance Machine Field-Oriented Control Field Weakening Current Trajectories Inverter Comparison