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Publication
Da prova digital: a admissibilidade dos conhecimentos fortuitos no correio eletrónico.
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A tecnologia está presente em todos os aspetos das sociedades atuais, influenciando desde
os novos métodos de cibercriminalidade aos mais recentes procedimentos de investigação
criminal e métodos processuais penais. Neste contexto, a prova digital adquire uma
centralidade cada vez maior nos processos da atualidade, embora apresente uma natureza
instável, volátil e a sua investigação mereça particular atenção, tendo em conta a sua
relevância jurídica. A crescente utilização das mensagens do correio eletrónico, enquanto
meio de prova no processo penal, tornou evidente a necessidade de um enquadramento e
um regime jurídico que atenda à natureza deste meio de prova. Neste âmbito, a presente
dissertação concentrou-se numa análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial do art.º 17.º da Lei
do Cibercrime, sobre o regime da apreensão de correio eletrónico e registos de
comunicações de natureza semelhante. A força motriz deste estudo dedicou-se a
compreender a admissibilidade dos conhecimentos fortuitos no correio eletrónico,
distinguindo-os de conhecimentos de investigação e de phishing expeditions. Este estudo
trouxe discussões doutrinárias e várias perspetivas jurisprudenciais sobre problemáticas
associadas à coexistência de vários regimes processuais de âmbito do regime da
apreensão do correio eletrónico. Face à omissão legal, a análise permitiu concluir que, na
prática, tem sido sustentado que os conhecimentos fortuitos provenientes da apreensão de
correio eletrónico, podem ser admissíveis e usados num processo distinto, desde que
sejam respeitados os princípios da legalidade, da necessidade, da proporcionalidade, da
reserva de juiz e sempre que se garanta o cumprimento rigoroso dos requisitos da
apreensão fruto da investigação original. Este processo deve respeitar uma análise
casuística rigorosa, sempre sujeita a controlo judicial.
Technology is present in every aspect of today's societies, influencing everything from new cybercrime methods to the latest criminal investigation procedures and criminal procedure methods. In this context, digital evidence is increasingly central to today's processes, although it is unstable and volatile and its investigation deserves particular attention, given its legal relevance. The growing use of e-mails as evidence in criminal proceedings has made it clear that there is a need for a framework and a legal regime that takes into account the nature of this evidence. In this context, this dissertation focused on a doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis of article 17 of the Cybercrime Law, on the regime for seizing emails and records of communications of a similar nature. The driving force behind this study was to understand the admissibility of fortuitous knowledge in electronic mail, distinguishing it from investigative knowledge and phishing expeditions. This study brought together doctrinal discussions and various jurisprudential perspectives on the problems associated with the coexistence of various procedural regimes for the seizure of electronic mail. Despite the legal omission, the results have shown that fortuitous knowledge from the seizure of emails can be admissible and used in a separate case, provided that the principles of legality, necessity, proportionality and the reserve of the judge are respected, and provided that strict compliance with the requirements of the seizure resulting from the original investigation is guaranteed.
Technology is present in every aspect of today's societies, influencing everything from new cybercrime methods to the latest criminal investigation procedures and criminal procedure methods. In this context, digital evidence is increasingly central to today's processes, although it is unstable and volatile and its investigation deserves particular attention, given its legal relevance. The growing use of e-mails as evidence in criminal proceedings has made it clear that there is a need for a framework and a legal regime that takes into account the nature of this evidence. In this context, this dissertation focused on a doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis of article 17 of the Cybercrime Law, on the regime for seizing emails and records of communications of a similar nature. The driving force behind this study was to understand the admissibility of fortuitous knowledge in electronic mail, distinguishing it from investigative knowledge and phishing expeditions. This study brought together doctrinal discussions and various jurisprudential perspectives on the problems associated with the coexistence of various procedural regimes for the seizure of electronic mail. Despite the legal omission, the results have shown that fortuitous knowledge from the seizure of emails can be admissible and used in a separate case, provided that the principles of legality, necessity, proportionality and the reserve of the judge are respected, and provided that strict compliance with the requirements of the seizure resulting from the original investigation is guaranteed.
Description
Keywords
cibercriminalidade conhecimentos fortuitos correio eletrónico lei do cibercrime prova digital cybercrime fortuitous knowledge electronic mail cybercrime law digital evidence.